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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5463_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
68
Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
3.1 INTRODUCTION
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eration
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by the encapsulation during electrospinning via blending electrospinning
Electrospun Technology for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications
69
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the composition, microstructure, and macrostructure (Bonani et al., 2012).
FIGURE 3.1
biomedical applications.
Source:
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Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
-
3.2 ELECTROSPINNING TECHNOLOGY AND ELECTROSPUN
NANOFIBERS: AN OVERVIEW
delivery , tissue engineering, and cancer theranostics. Generally , the electrospin-
ning process involves spraying an electro-spinnable polymeric solution on a
parts including (1) a high-voltage supply (either direct current (DC) or alter-
nating current (AC)), (2) a syringe pump, (3) a spinneret (usually a hypodermic
Electrospun Technology for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications
71
FIGURE 3.2
supply, syringe pump, spinneret, and a collector.
Source
Copyright 2010. Elsevier.
3.2.1 PARAMETERS INVOLVED IN ELECTROSPINNING PROCESS
are mainly dependent on the processing parameters, the polymeric solution
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Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
(Cheng et al., 2018). Besides the above-mentioned parameters, the diameter
In addition to the electrospinning process parameters, the properties
-
Electrospun Technology for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications
73
relevant parameters to control the electrospinning process and generate a
3.2.2 BIOMATERIALS FOR ELECTROSPINNING
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patibility, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, and proper mechanical proper-
-
ires) can be incorporated into the polymer solutions to generate electrospun
-
synthetic polymers, or (III) composites.
Natural polymers are among the most interesting and commonly used
-
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Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
addition to the mentioned proteins, several polysaccharides such as chitosan
cell-interacting regions (e.g., the recognition Arginine-Glycine-Aspartate
(RGD) peptide sequence), natural polymers are inherently bioactive that
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drugs due to high degradation rate, potential immunogenicity , batch-to-batch
great electrospinnability , tunable biodegradability , and mechanical properties
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include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid
(PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), polyurethane,
natural-based hydrophilic polymers such as gelatin (Gomes et al., 2015).
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resulted in their usability in drug delivery and tissue engineering applications
(Santoro et al., 2016). PGA is a thermoplastic polymer that degrades into
the degradation rate (Kai et al., 2014). In addition to these biodegradable
Electrospun Technology for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications
75
synthetic materials, there are nondegradable polymers such as polyure-
mechanical properties. Having these properties, nondegradable synthetic
Despite possessing several advantages over natural polymers (e.g., tunable
degradation rate, nonexpensive processing, and availability), synthetic mate-
Indeed, synthetic materials can provide the mechanical integrity and tunable
-
patibility) can be improved by using natural biopolymers. For instance, a
stem cells (hBMSCs) (Binulal et al., 2014).
3.3 ELECTROSPUN NANOFIBERS AS DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS
outcomes. Several controlled drug release mechanisms have been described
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Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
the drug-loaded resin containing appropriately charged ions encounters a
date, various drug-loading strategies regarding electrospinning have been
3.3.1 BLENDING ELECTROSPINNING
-
-
blending electrospinning, it is critical to note that the drug and polymer
hydrophobicity) to improve drug solubility and distribution in the polymer
Electrospun Technology for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications
77
may be destroyed during the electrospinning process due to the high perme-
3.3.2 EMULSION ELECTROSPINNING
-
molecules located in the core structure and extend the drug release period up
to blended electrospinning, emulsion electrospinning does not require a
lipophilic therapeutics can be loaded into the hydrophilic polymer solution,
and electrospun by blending electrospinning and emulsion electrospinning,
in vitro