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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5463_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
RAW 264.7 cells (macrophage cell line) leading to cell death through reac-
tive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cellular apoptosis at the concentration
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the stem cells. Fan and co-researchers examined the cytocompatibility and
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Graphene-based System for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Application
149
in vivo, that is, spleen, kidney, lungs, and liver in mice over 90 days period
Raman intensity, elevated I
D
I
G
∼
∼
FIGURE 5.2 Suggested receptor-mediated phagocytic mechanism and other important
Source
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Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
accumulation in the lungs and liver although in a time and dose-dependent
and spleen, the reticuloendothelial system, and eventually excreted through
5.4 DRUG DELIVERY AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
As discussed in the earlier sections that graphene and its derivatives possess
excellent physical, chemical, thermal and optoelectronic properties, thereby,
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nanomaterials.
5.4.1 DRUG DELIVERY
Graphene-based System for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Application
151
graphene, enabling it to load hydrophobic drugs, genes, peptides, etc. through
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cancer cell lines in concentration and in time-dependent manner (Xu et al.,
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Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
colon cancer cell line) and HepG2 (liver cancer cell line) although nontoxic
delivery system (Bullo et al., 2019).
FIGURE 5.3
Source
Society.
physiological system, prolonged circulation time, and ability to accumulate
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Graphene-based System for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Application
153
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cytoskeleton, and membrane-associated genes. Furthermore, in vivo study
depletion, and pathogenicity to vital organs such as the liver and lung in
(GO-NH
2
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GO (Lu et al., 2012). Other synthetic polymers such as poly--lysine (PLL),
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nontoxicity and natural abundance. Chitosan, gelatin, sodium alginate,
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Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
FIGURE 5.4
Source:-
cal Society.
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animal study revealed that as-prepared nanostructure can suppress tumor
Graphene-based System for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Application
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Advances in Pharmaceutical Technology for Drug Delivery Systems (PTDDS), Volume 2
2016). On the other side, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer,
breast cancer, neuroblastoma cancer, and pancreatic cancers overexpressed
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elevated in the tumor microenvironment compared to the normal cells due
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Due to its noninvasive nature, light, that is, visible light, ultraviolet
Graphene-based System for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Application
157
nanoparticles (MSN) have been developed. NIR exposure disrupted the
to poly(N,N
5.4.2 GENE DELIVERY
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tives is used. Chitosan, PEG, and polyethylenimine (PEI) such as polymers
this end. For instance, a research group has developed oleic acid and polyami-
cytotoxicity against MG-63 and HeLa cells. Further study revealed that the
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tives is generally done by click chemistry, that is, carbodiimide chemistry.