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Unit 18. Railroad Terminal Performance 71
Ex. 2 Choose the appropriate form of the Participles (See “Grammar”,
G.22).
1. That night, (went, going, having gone) up to his room he thought of his
unpleasant duty.
2. She smiled (remembered, to remember, remembering) the joke.
3. (Seeing, having seen, to see) so little in the country, I am afraid I cannot
answer all your questions.
4. A new road will soon be built (connecting, having connected, to connect) the
plant with the railway station.
5. (To arrive, arriving, having arrived) two days before the conference he had a
lot of time to see Edinburgh.
6. I felt very tired (being worked, having worked, work) the whole day in the sun.
7. He speaks like a man (taking, takes) his opinion of everything.
8. (Not having known, knowing not, didn’t know, not knowing) that she could
trust them she didn’t know what to do.
9. (Boughting, having bought, buying) a pair of gloves we moved to the shoe
department.
10. She left (told, telling, having told) us all she had found out.
11. The child (leaving, left, leaves) alone in the large room began screaming.
12. (Bitten twice, biting twice, having been bitten twice), the postman refused to
deliver our letters unless we chained our dog up.
13. The centre of the cotton industry is Manchester (connecting, connected) with
Liverpool by a canal.
14. The story (tells, told, is telling) by the old captain made the young girl cry.
15. He didn’t doubt that the information (receiving, has received, received) by
morning mail was of great interest for his competitors.
16. The equipment (had installing, installing, installed) in the shop is rather
sophisticated.
17. We’ve got a great variety of products, which are in great demand. Here are
some samples (sent, sanding, been sent, sended) to our distributors last month.
18. The methods (applies, applying, applied, applyed) in the building of the new
metro stations proved to be efficient.
19. She warmed over the dinner that she (cooking, had cooked, has cooked) the
day before.
20. (Having been weakened, weakened, weaking, had weaked) by successive
storms, the bridge was no longer safe.
Ex. 3 Translate the sentences with the Absolute Participle Construction (See
“Grammar”, G.22.1).
1. Many men preceded Newton in the field of mechanics, perhaps the most
outstanding being Galileo.
2. Red phosphorus being a more stable form, its reaction is much less violent.
3. The fuel exhausted, the engine stopped.
72 Section 5: Transport Management
4. Probably the first metals used by man were gold, silver, and copper, these metals
being found in nature in the native or metallic state.
5. Mars has two satellites, Deimos (“Horror”) and Phobos (“Fear”), both
discovered during the favourable opposition of 1877.
6. A magnet being broken in two, each piece becomes a magnet with its own pair
of poles.
7. Many technical and scientific problems having been solved, the first space flight
could be realized.
8. An electron leaving the surface, the metal becomes positively charged.
9. The plant supplied with good raw materials, the quality of products has been
much improved.
Ex. 4 Choose the right form using the Absolute Participle Construction (See
“Grammar”, G.22.1).
1. He (was thinking, is thinking), his eyes closed.
2. The soldiers (were aiming, aiming) at the rebels, their fingers on triggers.
3. The man was drinking vodka with his hands (were shaking, shaking).
4. The children (were eating, eating) the desert, with their noses in cream.
5. The day (was wonderful, wonderful) with a breeze blowing from the sea.
6. The maniac (was questioned, questioned) with his hands tied.
7. (Lighted out, lights out), they went to sleep.
8. The computer programmer was working with his eyes (fixed, were fixed) on
the screen.
9. After the “wild” party he lay on the sofa with his head (ached, aching).
10. The young man walked down the street “walkman” (playing, played) music.
Ex. 5 Put the verbs in brackets in the suitable form using the Object
Participial Constructions with Participle I (See “Grammar”, G.22.3).
1. We saw Jack (to go) home, but did not come up to him.
2. My boss was so excited, that I noticed his hands (to shake).
3. I did not see him (to jump) off the bridge. It must have happened very quickly.
4. Brazilian carnival is a great festivity! It was absolutely fantastic to watch all
those people (to dance).
5. They heard their favourite song (to play) on the radio.
6. The boy did not notice his friend (to hit) the ball and it broke the window.
7. Last year I saw the Niagara. It was amazing to see so much water (to fall)
down.
8. I felt his anger (to grow) slowly.
9. We hear him (to drop) something heavy on the floor.
10. The citizens saw the plane (to crash) on the edge of the town. Then there came
a big explosion.
Unit 18. Railroad Terminal Performance 73
Ex. 6 Fill in the gaps with the verbs in brackets using the Subjective Parti-
cipial Construction (married, spreading, finished, smoking, buying, heard,
thought, ravaged, lying), (See “Grammar”, G.22.4).
1. The pupil was seen … cigarettes on the street.
2. The tornado was believed ….
3. She was thought happily ….
4. They were watched … drugs.
5. The town was found ….
6. The fire was watched ….
7. The planes were … approaching.
8. The purse was found … on the grass.
9. The war was considered ….
10. The car was … crashed.
Ex. 7 Choose the right variant using the Object Participial Constructions
with Participle II (See “Grammar”, G.22.5).
1. Boss wants this letter (spent, spending) immediately.
2. I believe this war (loosing, lost) to us.
3. Let’s get all the windows (opened, opening). It is rather stuffy here.
4. Your room looks so boring! Let’s have the walls (painting, painted) orange.
5. I would like this old furniture (taken, being taken) out of my room.
6. He thought the gas (turning, turned) off and left the house.
7. My wife wants to have her hair (doing, done) before going to the party.
8. I think we should get the car (being fixed, fixed) and hit the road.
9. Mother wants the flat (cleaned, cleaning) before the guests arrive.
10. He got all his things (packing, packed). He was ready for the journey.
Ex. 8 Complete the situation using have smth done.
1. Sue is at the hairdresser’s at the moment. She ….
2. Ann’s watch has been broken; she took it to a jeweler’s. Now it is working
Ann ….
3. What are the workmen doing in your garden? Oh, I ….
4. Can I see the holiday photographs you took? I’m afraid not, I ….
Ex. 9 Replace the clauses with the Absolute Participial Construction (See
“Grammar”, G.2.12).
Model: As the book was translated into Russian, it could be read by everybody.
The book being translated into Russian it could be read by everybody.
1. As we were given dictionaries, we managed to translate the article easily.
2. As soon as I have done my homework, I’ll go for a walk.
74 Section 5: Transport Management
3. As soon as I have bought the book, I will begin reading it.
4. As there was a severe storm at sea, the steamer couldn’t leave the port.
5. As it was Sunday, the library was closed.
6. As the weather was fine, they went for a walk.
7. As the professor was ill, the lecture was put off.
Ex. 10 Translate from Russian into English (See “Grammar”, G.22).
1. Прибыв до открытия конференции, они успели осмотреть город.
2. Она сидела и улыбалась.
3. Этот человек, сидящий у окна, вчера сделал интересный доклад.
4. Когда я смотрел этот фильм, я вспоминал свое детство.
5. Я прочел несколько книг этого автора, переведенных на русский язык.
6. Люди
, ожидавшие вас, только что ушли.
7. Узнав его поближе, я понял, какой это хороший человек.
8. Человек, только что стоявший здесь, ушел.
9. Внимательно прочитав доклад, я нашел в нем несколько ошибок.
10. Будучи очень расстроенным, он решил уйти не прощаясь.
18.2 Listening
Ex. 11 Get acquainted with the unknown word.
span – пролет мост
а
Ex. 12 Pronounce some geographical names and numerals.
the Canadian
1 880 ft 549 m August 29, 1907
Quebec 1 00 ft 30 m
the Quebec Bridge 1890 74
Scotland
Forth Bridge
Ex. 13 Listen to the text “The Collapse of the Bridge”.
Ex. 14 Answer the questions.
1. What are the technical characteristics of the Quebec Bridge?
2. What had happened on August 29, 1907?
3. What did the official report say?
4. Is it necessary our knowledge of bridge building to be more exact?
Ex. 15 Retell the text in short.
Unit 18. Railroad Terminal Performance 75
18.3 Speech Pattern
18.3.1 Active Vocabulary
Ex. 16 Learn the words from your active vocabulary.
to alight – сходить, высаживаться
halt – платформа, остановка
to restrict – ограничивать
rolling stock – подвижной состав
to be referred to as – называться
interchange station – транспортная развязка
cargo production unit – грузовое хозяйство
spotting station – сортировочная станция
to destine (for) = to intend (for) – предназначать
to work over – перерабатывать
trains formation – формирование составов
section station – участковая станция
spur track – подъездной путь
Ex. 17 Make up pairs of words. Work with the dictionary if necessary.
S t a t i o n T r a c k
crossing car repair
dispatch broad-gauge
end dead-end
flag delivery
fuel departure
junction dispatch
main empties
multiple freight
spotting main
starting marshalling
stub narrow-gauge
railway
service
spur
station
storage
stub
switch
Ex. 18 Make up 7-8 sentences using these word-combinations.
a
Ex. 19 Read the sentences to your group-mates in order to be transl
ted.
76 Section 5: Transport Management
18.3.2 The Text “Train Station Activity”
Ex. 20 Read the text “Train Station Activity” and translate it with the help
of dictionary if necessary.
TRAIN STATION ACTIVITY
1. Technical structure
A train station, railway station,
railroad station, or station yard is a
facility at which passengers may
board and alight from trains and / or
rail-transported freight may be
loaded or unloaded.
A station usually consists of at
least one building for passengers
(and possibly freight) plus other
installations associated with the
functioning of the railway or
railroad. A small station with few
facilities and / or limited use may be
known as a ‘halt’ in UK usage, or in
US usage a ‘stop’.
Early stations were sometimes
built with both passenger and cargo
facilities; though a number of
railway tracks were cargo only or
passenger only, and if a track was
dual purpose, there would often be a
cargo depot apart from the passenger
station. Dual purpose stations can sometimes still be found today, though in many
cases cargo facilities are restricted to major stations.
Stations are sited either adjacent to a railway track, or at the end of one.
Usually raised platforms are present to allow passengers to access trains easily and
safely. Platforms may be connected by subways, footbridges, or level crossings;
passenger facilities such as shelter, ticket sales and benches can be found on the
platforms or (at larger stations, where buildings exist) in the station's public
buildings.
2. Providing services
As well as providing services for passengers and loading facilities for cargo,
stations often have locomotive and rolling stock depots (which usually have
facilities for storing and refueling locomotives and rolling stock and carrying out
minor repair jobs). Stations co-located with other transport systems such as trams
Unit 18. Railroad Terminal Performance 77
and buses may also be referred to as interchange stations, as may offer both metro /
subway and heavy-rail services.
Cargo production unit is intended for producing cargo operations and
comprises loading / unloading tracks, terminals, warehouses, spotting stations, etc.
Spotting station is a separate production station destined for working over
wagons and trains formation.
Section station is a separate production station also. It implements handling
transit cargo and passenger trains, maneuverable operations with formation /
reformation of trains and servicing spur tracks.
To improve and facilitate charging / discharging operations in sea ports a
great deal of train tracks are built and utilized. Modern merchant sea ports are fully
equipped with railway depots and stations, and they may also be called interchange
stations where facilities for handling and storing cargoes are installed.
18.3.3 Drilling
Ex. 21 Give the 3d form of the irregular verbs (See, “Supplement” 3, and
table 16).
To know, to build, to be, to find, to say, to have, to break, to burn, to buy, to
choose, to cost, to sink, to let, to forecast, to deal, to lose, to draw, to seek, to wind,
to sweep.
Ex. 22 Translate the word-combinations with the Participles (See
“Grammar”, G.22).
Participle I: пассажир, покупающий билет; железнодорожная станция,
обслуживающая и пассажиров и грузы; скамейки, находящиеся на перроне;
депо, выполняющее ремонтные работы; проходящий через пути пешеходный
мостик; транспортная развязка, строящаяся рядом с вокзалом; грузовое
хозяйство, обрабатывающее различные грузы; билетные кассы, находящиеся
внутри железнодорожного вокзала; пассажир, потерявший документы.
Participle II: разгружаемый состав; загружаемый вагон; ограниченное
использование; сооружения, взаимосвязанные с деятельностью станции;
известный, как платформа; построенный как для пассажиров, так и для
грузового обслуживания; грузовое оборудование, ограниченное многими
станциями; станции, расположенные в стороне от железнодорожных путей;
тоннели; платформы, соединенные с подземными переходами; станции,
расположенные рядом с другими транспортными системами.
Ex. 23 Transform two sentences in one using the Participles (See
“Grammar”, G.22).
Pattern: The train station is located adjacent to the tram stop. It appeared in out
town last year. – The train station located adjacent to the tram stop
appeared in out town last year.
78 Section 5: Transport Management
1. Passengers may buy tickets at the station. Ticket sales can be found on the
platform.
2. There existed dual purpose stations. They served both passengers and cargoes.
3. Many stations are interchange stations. They co-located with other transport
systems.
4. Spotting station is a separate production station. It destines for working over
wagons.
5. Modern merchant sea ports are equipped with railway depots. They may also be
called interchange stations.
Ex. 24 Match the two parts of the sentences.
1. A train station is a facility …
2. A station consists of a building for passengers …
3. Early stations were built …
4. Stations are sited either adjacent to a railway track …
5. Platforms may be connected by …
6. Stations often have …
7. Stations co-located with other transport systems and …
8. Cargo production unit is intended for …
9. Spotting and section stations are …
10. Modern merchant sea ports equipped with railway depots …
a) … or at the end of it.
b) … locomotive and rolling stock depots.
c) … performing cargo operations.
d) … and installations associated with the functioning of the railway.
e) … are called interchange stations too.
f) … subways, footbridges and level crossings.
g) … at which passengers may board and alight from trains and freight may be
loaded or unloaded.
h) … separate production stations.
i) … are referred to as interchange stations.
j) … for dual purpose: both passenger and cargo facilities.
Ex. 25 Say what the following production units are intended for:
1. A train station in common.
2. Early stations.
3. Platforms.
4. Station’s public building.
5. Locomotive depots.
6. Rolling stock depots.
7. Stations co-located with other transport systems.
8. Cargo production unit.
Unit 18. Railroad Terminal Performance 79
9. Spotting station.
10. Section station.
11. Sea ports equipped with train depots.
Ex. 26 Fill in the gaps with the prepositions (of, apart, in, out, for, to, from,
by, at, with, on).
1. A train station is a facility … which freight may be loaded.
2. At station yard passengers may board and alight … trains.
3. A station consists … at least one building … passengers.
4. Early stations were built … both passengers and cargo facilities.
5. Cargo depot is located … … the passenger station.
6. Stations are sited adjacent … a railway track.
7. Platforms may be connected … subways, footbridges and level crossings.
8. Shelter, ticket sales and benches can be found … the platforms or … the
station’s public buildings.
9. Stations provide services … passengers.
10. Locomotive depots have facilities … storing and refueling locomotives.
11. Rolling stock depots carry … minor repair jobs.
12. Many stations co-located … other transport systems.
13. Cargo production unit is intended … producing cargo operations.
14. Section station implements maneuverable operations … formation /
reformation … trains.
15. Charging / discharging operations are held … sea ports.
Ex. 27 Answer the questions to the text.
1. What is train station?
2. Do you know other names?
3. What does a station consist of?
4. How is a small station called in the UK and in the USA?
5. What was the destination of early stations?
6. Can they be still found nowadays?
7. What are platforms?
8. What may platforms be connected by?
9. What facilities can be found on the platforms?
10. Have stations locomotive and rolling stock depots?
11. What are they intended for?
12. What are interchange stations?
13. Are they convenient for passengers?
14. What is cargo production unit?
15. What tasks does spotting station perform?
16. Are spotting station and section station common in use?
17. What is the destination of section station?
18. Are modern sea ports equipped with train tracks and depots?
80 Section 5: Transport Management
19. What for?
Ex. 28 Speak on the following items:
1. Facilities of a train station.
2. Platforms and passengers facilities.
3. Cargo production unit.
4. Train installations associated with the functioning of sea ports.
Ex. 29 Dramatize.
The representative of the industry turns to a clerk of the Transportation
Agency to hire the necessary transport in order to deliver some goods.
REPRESENTATIVE OF THE INDUSTRY: Choose the goods you should
deliver (Table 1) and turn to the clerk of the Transportation Agency to hire the
necessary means of Transport.
CLERK OF THE TRANSPORTATION AGENCY: Recommend your client
the necessary means of transport which are available at the moment (Table 2) according to the route.
Table 1 Table 2
Cargo Route Land transport Water transport
coal K-A passenger train ferry
timber B-C cargo train barge
cars L-K lorry cargo ship
cars L-A bus tanker
tomatoes L-A
crane
Ex. 30 Read the text and title it.
The oldest Russian Railway is the basic passenger and freight carrier in the
north-western region of Russia. The extent of the Oktyabrskaya Railway is over
10 000 km.
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