Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Английский язык для транспортных специальностей вузов. Т.2. Специализированный курс. Учебное пособие
.pdf
Unit 21 Management Skills 121
16. Don’t forget about your promise to visit us.
17. The first person to enter the room was my brother.
18. We refused his offer to help us.
19. I have no desire to change my mind.
20. We had no chance to speak to him.
21. Tell the child that matches are a dangerous thing to play with.
22. These houses were among the few to survive after a great fire.
23. I am always the last to be informed.
24. Do you know the station to get off?
25. This is not the subject to speak about.
26. Here is the knife to cut bread with.
27. He was the only one to get a good mark at the exam.
28. He is not the person to rely on.
29. He is not the person to discuss such things with.
30. This is the box to keep instruments in.
д) в функции обстоятельства:
1. Everything was done to save him.
2. He hired a taxi to take us to the railway station.
3. I got up at 6 o’clock so as not to miss the morning train.
4. I wrote him a letter to remind him of his promise.
5. Did you come to take part in the conference?
6. To do the work properly you must follow our instructions.
7. To take correct measurements it is necessary to use accurately adjusted
instruments.
8. To meet the demand for motor cars, a new automobile plant was put into
operation.
9. To pass exams well you must work hard.
10. To finish the experiment in time we had to work without any days off.
11. He returned to his Motherland never to leave it again.
12. The child is too small to understand your joke.
13. The question is too complicated to be solved at once.
14. The boy is clever enough to make his own decision.
15. I don’t know him well enough to rely upon him.
16. The book is too long to be read in a day.
17. In order to hear the music well I left the window open.
18. The students kept silent in order not to miss a teacher’s word.
19. I’ll put down your address so as not to forget it.
20. To make a long story short, we stopped all arguments and started a new round
of talks.
Ex. 4 Choose the correct form (See “Grammar”, G.21, G.23).
1. I heard him … my name.
a) mention b) mentioning
122 Section 6: Business Communication
2. I would rather … to music.
a) listen b) listening
3. Let me … a few words.
a) to say b) say
4. He is trying … them.
a) to protect b) protecting
5. I would like … a cup of tea.
a) having b) to have
6. He avoids … Lucy.
a) to meet b) meeting
7. He made us … three hours.
a) wait b) to wait
8. I have finished … a business letter.
a) to write b) writing
9. I felt my heart ….
a) jumping b) jump
10. It is no use … him about it.
a) asking b) to ask
Ex. 5 Put in the verbs in brackets in the Infinitive or the -ing form (See
“Grammar”, G.21, G.22, G.23, G.24).
1. The child (sleep) on the sofa is sick.
2. They watched him (go) upstairs.
3. I would appreciate your (call) Alfred back.
4. I saw a taxi (stop) near my gate.
5. He is said (be) a good pupil.
6. I object to Lora’s (drive) the car.
7. He made us (read) all the papers.
8. Help me (move) the table.
9. She is not capable of (do) any harm.
10. Please excuse me (disturb) you.
Ex. 6 Complete the sentences with the Infinitive or the -ing form of the
following verbs (know, leave, see, do, eat, learn, marry, wear, read, bomb), (See
“Grammar”, G.21, G.22, G.23, G.24).
1. Mr. Brown wanted John … Ann.
2. I kept on … to play the violin.
3. … the newspaper he read the magazine.
4. He appeared … his car keys in his briefcase.
5. … me to be honest he was astonished to hear that.
6. The … of civilians horrified everyone.
7. I can’t bear … raw cabbage.
8. I don’t know what ….
Unit 21 Management Skills 123
9. We enjoyed … you at our place.
10. … fashionable clothes is her dream.
Ex. 7 Tick the correct sentence (See “Grammar”, G.21, G.23).
1. a) I watched her go up the street and enter the house.
b) I watched her going up the street and entering the house.
2. a) Excuse my take your seat.
b) Excuse my taking your seat.
3. a) She couldn’t help to laugh.
b) She couldn’t help laughing.
4. a) Bob is said to resemble his dad.
b) Bob is said resemble his dad.
5. a) I hate the rain pouring all the time.
b) I hate the rain pour all the time.
6. a) I won’t have you speaking like that.
b) I won’t have you speak like that.
7. a) He heard the clock to strike 12.
b) He heard the clock strike 12.
8. a) Loud music didn’t let George fall asleep.
b) Loud music didn’t let George to fall asleep.
9. a) The plane is reported having landed on time.
b) The plane is reported to have landed on time.
10. a) You’d better to tell your parents the truth.
b) You’d better tell your parents the truth.
Ex. 8 Match the two parts of the sentences.
1. I was always afraid of ...
2. I could feel her fingers trembling ...
3. The expedition is reported ...
4. She doesn't seem to want ...
5. I was tired ...
6. I don’t remember ...
7. Nick is proud ...
8. I prefer ...
9. Let us be ...
10. He stepped aside …
a) ... meeting you at 7 p.m.
b) ... to have reached its destination.
c) ... of being among the school leaders.
d) ... loosing his friendship.
e) ... for me to pass.
f) ... when she was putting her coat on.
124 Section 6: Business Communication
g) ... having seen such a picture.
h) ... the best friends in the world.
i) ... climbing the mountain.
j) … to do anything I suggest.
Ex. 9 Correct the errors (See “Grammar”, G.21, G.23).
1. Did you hear me arriving?
2. I hope seeing you next week.
3. They made me to stay at home.
4. We enjoyed to see them again.
5. John decided not buying the new car.
6. We are not looking forward to go back to school.
7. We ordered him to appearing in the university.
8. The grass needs to cut.
9. Lucy learned swimming when she was seven.
10. Mary is accustomed to sleep late.
Ex. 10 Choose the right variant (See “Grammar”, G.21, G.23).
1. I don’t mind … Zac. It’s a nice nickname.
a) calling b) being called c) having been called
2. The safe showed no sign of ….
a) touching b) being touched c) having been touched
3. Our teacher suggests … test next week.
a) writing b) being written c) having been written
4. I really appreciate … this opportunity. I’ll do my best.
a) giving b) being given c) having been given
5. She strongly objected to our … a fire.
a) making b) being made c) having been made
6. The child was punished by … to bed without dinner.
a) sending b) being sent c) having been sent
7. He was clever enough … … in this delicate situation.
a) avoiding, speaking b) to avoid, to speak
c) avoiding, to speak d) to avoid, speaking
8. I wonder if there is any use … … the results.
a) trying, improving b) trying, to improve
c) to try, to improve d) to try, improving
9. I used a car to get to work, and now I can’t get used to … by bus.
a) go b) going
10. Do you remember … your last exam? Was it hard?
a) take b) to take c) taking
11. I don’t feel like … this article today.
a) reading and to translate b) to read and translating
c) reading and translating
Unit 21 Management Skills 125
12. The little girl was really afraid of … lost in the forest.
a) having been b) getting c) having got
13. Is there anything here worth …?
a) buying b) being bought c) having been bought
14. He disliked … coming home late.
a) I b) me c) my
15. Would you mind … smoking here?
a) not b) not to c) no d) don’t
16. We stopped … some food in the store, because we’d run out of our supplies.
a) buying b) to buy c) having bought
17. What about … to the cinema tomorrow?
a) to go b) going c) having gone
18. … you here was a great surprise to me.
a) Finding b) Having found c) To find
19. The friends couldn’t … laughing when they discovered the problem.
a) assist b) help c) aid d) support
20. I can’t … standing in queues.
a) stand b) fall c) sit d) lie
Ex. 11 Insert the Infinitive in the appropriate form and translate the
sentences into Russian (See “Grammar”, G.21).
1. Mr. Abbot was the first ... the silence. (to break)
2. The next patient ... was a nice girl in her early teens. (to examine)
3. Honesty is the first principle ... when working with us. (to observe)
4. He complained that he was always the last .... (to inform)
5. I am the last man ... a question of the kind. (to ask)
6. They were among the last .... (to arrive)
7. He found that he was the only one ... the discrepancy. (to notice)
8. If there is to be a vacancy I would like to be the one ... the job. (to offer)
9. These houses were among the few ... after a great fire. (to survive)
10. Who was the youngest chess player ... the title of All-Union Champion? (to
win)
11. The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre players were the second British company
... Russia. (to visit)
12. The Nuremberg trial was the biggest international trial ... ever .... (to hold)
Ex. 12 Insert to where necessary (See “Grammar”, G.21.1).
1. I like ... play the piano.
2. My brother can ... write poems.
3. We had ... put on our overcoats because it was cold.
4. They wanted ... cross the river.
5. It is high time for you ... go to bed.
6. May I ... use your telephone?
126 Section 6: Business Communication
7. They heard the girl ... cry out with joy.
8. I would rather ... stay at home today.
9. He did not want ... play in the yard anymore.
10. Would you like ... go to England?
11. You look tired. You had better ... go home.
12. I wanted ... speak to Nick, but could not ... find his telephone number.
13. It is time ... get up.
14. Let me ... help you with your homework.
15. I was planning ... do a lot of things yesterday.
16. I’d like ... speak to you.
17. I think I will be able ... solve this problem.
18. What makes you ... think you are right?
19. I will ... do all I can ... help you.
20. I like ... dance.
21. I’d like ... dance.
22. She made me ... repeat my words several times.
23. She did not let her mother ... go away.
24. Do you like ... listen to good music?
25. That funny scene made me ... laugh.
Ex. 13 Choose the correct form either the Gerund or the Infinitive (See
“Grammar”, G.21, G.23).
1. You can’t stop me ... what I want.
a) doing b) do c) to do d) that I do
2. I must go now. I promised ... late.
a) not being b) not to be c) to not be
3. Do you want ... with you or do you want to go alone?
a) me coming b) me to come c) that I come d) that I will come
4. I know I locked the door. I clearly remember ... it.
a) locking b) to lock c) to have locked
5. She tried to be serious, but she couldn’t help ....
a) laughing b) to laugh c) that she laughed d) laugh
6. Paul lives in Berlin now. He likes ... there.
a) living b) to live
7. It is not my favorite job, but I like ... the kitchen as often as possible.
a) cleaning b) clean c) to clean d) that I clean
8. I am tired. I’d rather ... out this evening, if you don’t mind.
a) not going b) not to go c) don’t go d) not go
9. Will I stay here? – I’d rather ... with us.
a) you come b) you to come c) you came d) you would come
10. Are you looking forward ... on holiday?
a) going b) to go c) to going d) that you go
11. When Lisa came to Britain, she had to get used ... on the left.
a) driving b) to driving c) to drive
Unit 21 Management Skills 127
12. I am thinking ... a house. Do you think that’s a good idea?
a) to buy b) of to buy c) of buying
13. I had no ... a place to live. In fact it was surprisingly easy.
a) difficulty to find b) difficulty finding c) trouble to find
14. A friend of mine phoned ... me to a party.
a) for invite b) to invite c) for inviting d) for to invite
15. Jim doesn’t speak very clearly. ... .
a) It is difficult to understand him .
b) He is difficult to understand him.
16. The path was icy, so we walked very carefully. We were afraid ....
a) of falling b) from falling c) to fall d) to falling
17. I didn’t hear you ... in. You must have been very quiet.
a) come b) to come c) came
18. ... a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.
a) Finding b) After finding c) Having find d) We found
19. She noticed ... away from the house.
a) him to run b) him run c) him ran
20. I’d advise ... more exercise.
a) to take b) you to take c) you taking
21.2 Listening
Ex. 14 Listen to the text “The Great Communicators”.
Ex. 15 Match the two columns speaking about communication technologies.
ancient Egypt
the ancient Greeks
the Roman Empire
medieval Europe
printing press;
paper and hieroglyphics;
public speaking, drama, philosophy;
system of government, alphabet.
Ex. 16 State the sequence of the information in the text.
1. The ability of animals to communicate.
2. Modern means of communication.
3. People can communicate in many different ways.
4. The ancient communication technologies.
Ex. 17 Choose any item from the above exercise and speak on it.
21.3 Speech Pattern
21.3.1 Active Vocabulary
Ex. 18 Learn the words from your active vocabulary.
conceptual – концептуальный
decision making – принятие решений
128 Section 6: Business Communication
communicational – коммуникационный
interpersonal skill – мастерство, умение общаться с людьми,
психологическое мастерство
ability – способность
duty – обязанность
to fit together – согласовывать(ся)
to choose (chose, chosen) – выбирать
to determine – определять
to identify – узнать, определить
to keep to – исполнять, придерживаться (чего-либо)
to specify – устанавливать, предписывать
to communicate – общаться
explanatory note – объяснительная записка
motive – стимул
competence – компетенция
guidance – руководство
subordinate – подчиненный
Ex. 19 Translate the words and word-combinations into Russian. Use the
dictionary if necessary.
Important skill, decision making skill, interpersonal skill, objective, goal,
activity, required results, interpersonal relations, interpersonal (psychological)
skill, needs and motives, technical guidance, subordinate, psychological
atmosphere, successful activity, to support, implementation, investigation,
production process, flow of information, ability, responsible, organizational rules,
report, percent, production, action plan, to solve problems, to communicate,
enable, to choose, to divide, to distribute, to carry out, to hold a meeting.
21.3.2 The Text “Management Skills”
Ex. 20 Read the text “Management Skills” and translate it with the help of
dictionary if necessary.
MANAGEMENT SKILLS
Effectiveness of a manager’s activity depends on certain important skills.
These skills can be divided into seven different categories: conceptual, decision
making, analytic, administrative, communicational, interpersonal and technical.
1. A conceptual skill
A conceptual skill is the ability of a manager to see the “general picture” of
an organization. Managers must understand how their duties and the duties of other
managers fit together to plan their activity in a proper way and get the required re-
Unit 21 Management Skills 129
sults. This skill is very important for top managers because it helps them plan “super goals” and develops proper strategies for the whole organization.
2. A decision making skill
A decision making skill is the ability of a manager to choose the best course
of actions of two or more alternatives. A manager must decide the following:
• What objectives and goals must be reached?
• What strategy must be implemented?
• What resources must be used and how they must be distributed?
• What kind of control is needed?
In short, managers are responsible for the most important decisions which are
required to carry out any organizational activity.
3. An analytic skill
An analytic skill is the ability to determine the most important problem of
many other problems and identify the causes of each problem before implementing
a proper action plan. This ability is especially important for top managers because
they have to solve complex problems.
4. An administrative skill
An administrative skill is the ability of a manager to keep to the
organizational rules specified for the production process, within a limited budget,
and coordinate the flow of information and paper work in his group and in other
groups.
5. A communicational skill
A communicational skill is the ability of manager to share his ideas and
opinions with other people both orally and in writing. This skill is a decisive factor
of a manager’s success. Some investigations show that top managers and middle
managers spend approximately 80% (percent) of their work time in communicating
with each other.
Thus, a communicati on skill enables managers to hold meetings, write clear
letters and explanatory notes, make reports, etc.
6. An interpersonal skill
An interpersonal skill (psychological skill) is the ability to deal effectively
with other people both inside and outside the organization. It is the ability to
understand the needs and motives of other people. This skill is very important for a
good psychological atmosphere for successful activity in the common work in
future. If the interpersonal relations are good, a manager will be successful in
getting a support in the development and implementation of organizational plans.
7. A technical skill
A technical skill is a specific competence to accomplish a task. The lower is
a manager’s level in the organization; the closer is his / her connection with the
production process. Thus first-line managers have the closest connection with the
130 Section 6: Business Communication
production process. They need high technical skills to provide technical guidance
for the subordinates. Top managers don’t need these skills as much as first-line
managers but the knowledge of the technical sphere is useful for all the managers.
21.3.3 Drilling
Ex. 21 Say the words and word-combinations in English.
Эффективность, мастерство, мастерство принятия решений,
производственный процесс, психологическое мастерство, цель, обязанность,
стратегия, концептуальное мастерство, доклад (отчет), требуемые
результаты, разрабатывать соответствующие стратегии, способность, курс
действий, хорошая психологическая атмосфера, отношения между людьми,
осуществление организационных планов, обеспечивать техническое
руководство, подчиненный, делить, согласовывать(ся), выбирать, решать
проблемы, достигать, осуществлять, распределять, выполнять, давать
возможность, проводить (собрание).
Ex. 22 Fill in the table with the information from the text.
Skill Ability
1. a conceptual skill
2. …
3. an analytic skill
4. …
5. a communicational skill
6. …
7. a technical skill
1. …;
2. to choose the best course of actions of two or
more alternatives;
3. …;
4. to keep to the organizational rules specified for
the production process and coordinate the flow
of information and paper work;
5. …;
6. to deal effectively with other people both inside
and outside the organization;
7. ….
Ex. 23 Complete the sentences using the information from the text.
1. Effectiveness of a manager’s activity depends on ….
2. A conceptual skill is the ability of a manager to see ….
3. A decision making skill is the ability of a manager to choose the best course of
actions of ….
4. An analytic skill is the ability to determine the most important problems and
identify the courses of each problem before ….
5. An interpersonal skill is very important for ….
6. A technical skill is a specific competence to accomplish ….
7. First-line managers have the closest connection with ….
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]