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Файл:The Information Resonance in Social System. Monograph
.pdf
CHAPTER 3. INFORMATION EXPLOSION IN CHANNELS 61
other" may speak more specifically an existing subject, a lot of
them or any other objects of social origin, perform the function
of the object orientation. Therefore, mixing the simplest
element of the social system only to subject-subject interaction
is only fixing one of its possible forms. In this regard,
orientation towards "the other" should not be understood
literally as orientation towards other actors - specific
empirically submitted by individuals. In fact, in any situation
the subject focuses on the diagram- image of the "other" him in
his own picture of reality. When the universal mediates
interaction between individuals serve as design thinking
meanings, organized social characteristics. From this point of
view, the simplest social system consists of actors united
semantic (mental) constructs include social characteristics. In
any case, actor oriented scheme possible actions acceptable for
him the picture of the world. Let this picture-diagram (route) as
a "virtual". In this regard, it can be argued that the actor is
focused not just on social and virtual social. And already this
premised splitting system action orientation: an ambivalence he
simultaneously focuses on social (origin and content), and
virtual - mental deputy social (as a set of practices and schemes
than ideal "paintings" of reality). Thus the parallelism of the
social space was originally laid out as a possibility.
You should pay attention to the most significant
consequence of the global penetration of information flows in
basic social structures that actually provokes mutation of social
action. Empirically universal, "totality", information is during
its unlimited growth, at the same time turning into a commodity
and as a historical product modus as empirically the cells of
capitalism. At the core of this transformation lies the
deployment process information as a unity of senses and
communication. Communication as abstract and universal
social function being knowledge capable of infinite increase
(similar to capital as selfincreased value) and infinitely
consumed is constantly developing in substrate-new meanings.
In the information and communications saturated society
meanings produced and consumed without limitations, losing
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 62
the property itself be meanings (i.e. aimed at something, and
something), and thereby developing the functions of
communication. Going communication (communicating) for the
sake of communication, exchange of "meaningless" senses ". At
the same time over capital piggybacks his modus - self
increasing communication. As a result, consumption of
communication for the sake of external communication without
borders becomes the fundamental law of the information
society.
However, divide and oppose meanings and communication
is only possible in thinking, in fact one is alter ego of another.
Meanings, as a benefit, passed and become communications
simply because information is embodied in them as operating
schemes of social action. Therefore, the information remains a
universal way of maintaining social bonds between people,
developing, inter alia, goods and capital. In its information
growth starts to obey the calling itself the system total qualityprocess communications. As a result the society goes into a
state where individuals communicate for the sake of
communication, making communication in fetish, and
information - as defined by this fetish. Externally, we are
witnessing a riot and a celebration of growing flows of
information, however it is only the appearance of followed by
hiding the total domination of another process-external
communication for the sake of external communication. In turn,
information technology and technology for generating,
processing and transmitting of information serve the process of
limitless expansion of space communications. It is becoming
increasingly evident that the "information era" in fact this is the
time of the race for new effects of growing and diverse
communication. There is no one without the other:
communication is the same information as information believes
communication. Link (identity) of these opposite sides of social
action remain meanings. It is through communication that
individuals make their lives socially meaningful contexts and
through thought and realize the need for aim determination and
aim-racional actions, making them actually actors, not just the
CHAPTER 3. INFORMATION EXPLOSION IN CHANNELS 63
social actors. Because information forms the "quanta" of
information (data) as operating schemes, to the extent that
individuals being included in this system and possessing such
systemic qualities as semantic structures (social quality of first
order) and communication (social quality of the second order)
acquire a new class qualities – superquality – of socially
generated action schemes. So actually social (as higher
integrative quality) and considers itself in the actions of
individuals, and integrates individual experiences acquired in
their meanings of action and means of external communication.
In the context of the proposed approach social information
(i.e. created by society), in sociological metatheoretical
interpretation can be defined as the essence of "social". Social
information as a process there is a special way of maintaining
integrity (consistency) of specific objects-interacting individuals through the exchange between them values and meanings
through the transfer of characters, creating special socialcommunication links. This process of production and
consumption of signs, meanings and values in order to produce
in the minds of individuals operating a holistic view of social
life in which the applicable prescribed behaviors, and "routes"
action-goals and values. Thus the individual is a social being
insofar as constantly "consumes" information to design their
picture of the world and builds "routes" of his movement in the
social space.
Information through the communication advocates the
social base as a collective being people, i.e. existence in
interaction and only as an interaction. It is "sensualextrasensory" being people like interacting individuals.
Information is outside of the case-system-existence, albeit
translated into objects-media information. It thus acts as a social
quality "second order", unlike the real-of substantive data
empirically media information that is social quality "first
order". In this sense, information as social quality in certain
"things" (media) did not materialize, and integrative quality
society expresses as a whole. The basis of all messages as
"quanta" of information lies with social action-i.e. human action
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 64
aimed at "another", "other-oriented" and "other" –
simultaneously. Through this universal human communication
takes place orientation current with all society (indirect and
symbolic way, through an individual picture of the social worldvirtual), and "Quant" information appears as empirically this
specific "cage" society taken by the special system of quality social "actress" (ideal), society as a system of ideal qualities.
Above allows you to clarify the nature, structure and
operation of the basic system of society-social action.
Opportunity to clarify "device" base element structure of a
social system appears in the information age, since the
proliferation of this artifact has become global in nature and
society of a new type was evident "in its purest form", which is
the ontological prerequisite classes for a new gnosseological
position - consider the specifics of a new type of historically
high-quality society - information [13].
In the information age, it becomes clear that social actions to
form real-subject; on the content-ideal (mental) action scheme.
These mental constructions "fold" from operating and operated
schemes of action passed through communicating. Their
production is and the condition and result of collective action that
form the society and sociality. Therefore, social action and
interaction is essentially informational interaction [14]. And the
existence of a society is the process of reproduction and
development as information substances, way of being specialperfect-world created by society and the parent society.
Mutation of social action
The new system, information, social peace is generated by
new social, a new way to organize social order. Aggression
oversaturated information environment leads to structural and
functional changes – mutations - social "cell". Suppose that the
effect "regime with the aggravation” of the information
environment found in synergistic research. "Regimes with
aggravation are the regimes of ultrafast growing of processes in
open nonlinear environments, in which the typical quantity
CHAPTER 3. INFORMATION EXPLOSION IN CHANNELS 65
indefinitely increase for the final time. The mechanism
underlying the growing regimes with aggravation is a broad
class of non-linear positive feedbacks connections. The result of
the aggravation - regimes with aggravation may lead to
localization, forming unsteady, dissipative structures "[15]. It is
in this process and forming a new kind of "cell" – virtual social
interaction as an imitation of interaction with the dominant
function of reproduction illusions effects subject on subject,
illusions, reproduced in the imagination of both actors. How
does this particular social system arise?
Sustainability and increasing throughout society information glut raises anomie - overabundance of models for choice
of role behavior. Thus a quantitative increase in the set of
elements leads to qualitative structural transformation:
emergence of new functions and securing their sustainability,
i.e. structure forming. But anomie grows in terms of control
over resources from other important actors. Therefore,
orientation towards "the other" as a condition of aim attainment
lies at the heart of and interaction, and actions. Information,
organized as a resource, i.e. ready to serve individual means
aim attainment, lets the actor focus increasingly on another, and
not on the normative order itself as an alternative to the social.
There is a tendency to "splitting" system actions and opens a
"window" of opportunity: co-exist two types of social action,
compete, or form a synthesis, where individuals are given the
opportunity of their choice exist simultaneously or successively
in two social "worlds" to live, combining parallel social space.
It can be assumed that this is the underlying mutation of the
"cell" of the new - information - society, which became the
backbone of the transformation of the entire «fabrics» social
system. Because information is knowledge, which is organized
for the transfer, tehnologicaled knowledge, focused on inclusion
in practice, informationaled economy is not an economy of
exchange of goods and energy (activities), and the economy
mostly symbolic exchange (simulations), when the subjects, the
energy and the activity itself are replaced by symbols (symbolic
of the world, "Simulacra"), exchanged and consumed not the
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 66
properties of the objects, all new and new fragments of
information (facts) and knowledge about subjects [16].
Consumption occurs "information about information". Thus the
essence of society becomes information, as universal and
complete information about the world and not self increasing
"value" as a historically restricted regulators details mode
exclusively on one of the parties lives-social, with extreme
reduction of the social side of being people (as is the case in an
industrial civilization, based on capitalist economic system as
extremely reduced social system), and the substrate is a
symbolic world as nonsubject (as opposed to substantive
trademark world "substrate things" industrial civilization).
When the actor practice increasingly is not socially and
individually as orientation to his own norms. While resource information - remains socially engendered factor aimreaching
and orientation in the social space. But a new-informationsocial, in the sense that a new substrate of social relations.
Social control and social communities education shifted the
space of virtual, imaginary, secondary and "parallel" in the
social world. While information resources and production
conditions of information continue to be determined in the field
of practices of social reality. Therefore, the space of social life
doubles – it becomes and practical, and virtual. This expresses
the opposite and contradictory nature of the modified system of
social interaction. Virtuality changes not only information (its
purpose and content), but also the very practical activities
as resources with natural and social. If the action is
deterministic mainly virtual, social action flows under pressure
of interconnected virtual and practical actions.
In virtual reality man gives the meanings and values of
those objects and phenomena of social peace, which was unable
to explain. Thus, the social life of the virtualization is done, on
the one hand, through the symbolic substitution of parties
represented the actual world, on the other hand, through
reproduction and self-reproduction of meanings. Thus the
phenomenon of "virtual" cozies with "ideal". However, because
"virtual" as "ideal" mediates the reality (as practical actions of
CHAPTER 3. INFORMATION EXPLOSION IN CHANNELS 67
humans), virtual reality, formed initially in the collective
consciousness, externalizes itself then in actual social world,
becoming a powerful tool for monitoring and structured impact
on the people. Virtual reality is manifested in reality through
characters (rituals, sign systems, etc.) and is its specific being.
Therefore, the virtual and the actual are interrelated and
mutually permeate one another. Virtuality "comprehend" the
world and the reality of his saves (plays) or changes. Virtual
contains new values and patterns of behavior exists natively
regardless of fact, live by their own laws. The route runs
through the social world of possibilities of the virtual world.
However, social change will not happen until the virtual world
will not be updated by individuals, i.e. patterns of behavior and
values will not be included in the real life, will not organize a
new social interactions.
Turn to justification proposed in this study compare and
differentiate between a pair of "reality" and "actuality" [17].
Sociological research-theoretic context demanded to give their
interpretation of several excellent from the philosophical
tradition. The fact of the matter is that the existence of the
special phenomena "actuality" is rooted in the reduction of the
"realities" of different levels (plans) to the same level in terms
of the individual that is "inside" the social action system, i.e.
from position "man acting", and not "watching" (position of the
philosopher). Claim: "this is real" - is a statement of an
individual of the existence of the phenomenon that (allegation)
an individual is not required to prove for yourself, this
phenomenon is obvious to him ("he actually exists - so it is
real", "if I think that it exists, it is real"). However, regardless of
the opinions of the individual from the position of "observer"
(the philosopher) that part of the social world is really, in fact,
actually (actual) exists, which includes the individual, with
whom he interacts in the imagination of the (potentially), and in
practical action (actually), i.e. experiencing the impact of
specific people, aimed exactly at him, and they are. All other
social world given to him is not relevant, and potentially as a
virtual world, i.e. it is also present in his mind, but not included
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 68
in the action. Since the imaginary potential actions and events is
possible, but is not updated, insofar they are not actions
(although there are activity as a form of psychic energy
expenditure). Virtual – these are samples of actions and
interactions that separate individuals or loosely extracted from
arsenal "inactually" (inactive) or samples initially designed at
the level of imagination, rather than interaction, but then
introduces them and their will in interaction. These are samples
of interactions in which one entity is real and the other imagine.
Thus, the actual social interaction is an interaction
involving real rather than imaginary actors. Virtual same social
interaction occurs when one of the parties is a really existing
entity, and the other is "the image of the other." As a result, the
basis for the social system of this type becomes a symbolic
exchange (exchange of information) as a form of symbolic
social interaction, and a specific system of social action -
"virtual social action" [18]. As a result, total virtualization, as a
consequence of the information explosion and the latest social
phenomenon of the information age, leads to mutations and
basic "cells", the original elemental system of society - social
interaction. Thus, social action continues to exist as both actual
and virtual, and "social" exists as a social actuality and social
reality [19].
Based on the foregoing, there is a claim that needs to be
rethought and filled with new content base pair categories of
general sociology: social action and social interaction. "Another
orientation" could not be saved, but this "other" becomes
radically different. Symbolic intermediaries from intermediaries
of interaction are transformed into subjects ("other") and the
actor becomes active and generally to existing (for yourself and
other), i.e. is perceived not only as an opportunity, but as the
real, already held opportunity. This leads to a breakthrough
beyond the space of traditional forms of social controls and, in
general, the social control. As a result, normative social network
becomes plastic, discontinuous, localized and closes in the
virtual space of autonomous actors and groups.
Chapter 4. Social space under
the impact of information resonance
lobal scales and complex character of the crisis
G
phenomena of last time were generated by a keen
interest in search of new approaches in an explanation of the
nature of these processes. A traditional explanation with
theories of recurrence, long waves, a supply and demand
disbalance, plots of the international speculators, struggle of
national elite, growth of influence of the multinational
corporation - cannot satisfy researchers any more. For the first
time in history crises it is not possible not only to predict
precisely their time and a source, but also to find out forces and
subjects already in the course and recession. The social reality
does not give in to understanding during an epoch when the
developed toolkit of social sciences, apparently, was generated
and the wide experience of the analysis of instability of social
processes is saved up. And that's just the point not only in
inability to apply the theory. Problem, in my opinion, consists
in radical transformation of structure of the society. It is
represented that we deal with the global shift, which essence - a
break of social space. Mankind, having generated in second half
XX century as global integrity, in the beginning of XXI century
began to lose the integrity.
Because it is need to discover the process of break of social
space and analyzes subjects of this break. Explanatory models
are developed and a number of new notions is entered. Initial
methodological concept is the concept of social space.
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 70
Social space: conflict the social reality
and social actuality
Category «the social space» is used in sociology for fixing
of organisation of social life that in sociological vision is treated
as the ordered interaction of some set of individuals-actors.
The tradition of such interpretation of social space has been
put by F.Rattsel, G.Simmel, E.Durkheim, R.Park, P.Sorokin,
P.Bourdieu , M.Castells etc. Unity and integrity of social space
as systems interactions is based on division of labour, solidarity
to some extent, as well as on thecontradiction of group interests,
social conflicts, political crises, wars and revolutions. The unity
and conflict of opposites does not split social space as underlies
its integrity. As a result of the permission of social conflicts the
social space does not break up, and is transformed. The new
form of social life, only conceivable to the resolution of conflict
as new «a reality picture», becomes after transformation by
system actual and dominating an practices. Presence of these
two structures of social space - conceivable and valid (actual) –
was not fixed in concepts of social space known to us. So, at
G. Simmel’s opinion the concept of social space communicates
with interaction between people. The uniform space shares on a
part - separate spaces, each of which is unique [1]. On
P.Sorokin, the social space is a set of communications between
groups and their positions and individuals in groups [2].
On P.Bourdieu, space – is a set of operating properties,
coarrangement properties. Therefore the space is interaction. It
represents a field, i.e. interdependence, system. "Knots" of this
system - networks, are the positions born as a result of a
convergence of several properties.
So social statuses - topos and roles as sets of actions are
formed. Social space are the structures of nearsituated social
positions [3].
In the researches of an information society of M. Castells
has found out changes in the organisation of social space which
he named space of streams: it is the material form of support of
processes and the functions dominating in an information
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