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Файл:The Information Resonance in Social System. Monograph
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CHAPTER 9. NETWORKS AND SOCIAL SPACE OF “SECOND LIFE” 171
observers – the priest Father Paul (Velikanova) and a specialist
on Internet technologies Oleg Pokrovsky.
Summing up the analysis of social interactions in the
«Second Life», select the most significant characteristics of
social space «Second Life»:
1) «Second Life» is not a totally unique space for social
interactions. This project is built into the Internet space and is a
simulation of real life;
2) because of this, in «Second Life», in most cases, having
played and which took place in reality the form of social
relations. Also in this online world, there is a social hierarchy,
which has the same grounds as in the Internet space in general;
3) the rate of "socialization" and social interaction in the
«Second Life» is much higher than in reality;
4) in most cases, «Second Life» is impossible to create
something brand new, only on the basis of previously created in
reality;
5) user Community «Second Life» has the potential to selforganization. This allows the social space of the project to
develop independently, without external interference.
Thus, I can with some confidence say that at this stage of
the on-line world «Second Life» is far from ideal, which
originally sought its developers. Most of the traditional social
practices gradually move from the real world into the virtual.
And still, not only the content of such practices, but also the
form in which they occur and occur in reality. Proof is the fact
that virtually all types of interactions in the «Second Life» have
a three-dimensional graphic embodiment of the characteristics
of the physical environment, which accompanies these
interactions in reality. The most striking, in our opinion, may
serve the following example. In the «Second Life» there are so
many areas (locations), reproducing the very real city.
Moreover, each of them almost entirely copied from the real
analogue. In Russia's segment of the on-line world there are, for
example, cities such as Moscow and Kiev. Today wrongfully
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 172
talk about the formation of a unique and fundamentally
different than in reality, the social space within the project
«Second Life». Nevertheless, the project continues to exist and
develop. Where to goes down this development, time will tell.
Nevertheless, it can confidently assert that the relations in this
on-line world are social, even if copied from the real, i.e. “Is as
much social, as in real life”.
Chapter 10. Bloggers as agents reformat
mechanism "assembly" of society.
Information resources of individualization
Bloggers: born in Network
or a long time, the Internet was considered from the
F
technical and communication point of view, but the
trend of network development in the past ten years, was forced
to draw the attention of researchers on the social component of
the network. When people talk about social aspects of the
Internet, using the concept of "Internet community". Taken to
distinguish between the global Internet community and virtual
community, small social groups. Such virtual communities,
analyzed in detail in works of G.Reingold and other researchers
are part of the Internet community and played an important
enough role [1]. Virtual Internet community is currently
represented in the form of chat rooms, forums, blogs. If the
community originally arose as a new means of communication,
but now the community themselves produce new models of
interaction, with its rules and laws, and thus, of objects of
communication in full-fledged social actors.
The concept of "online community" and "the Internet
audience" are similar in meaning, but each has its own specific
characteristics. The term "Internet audience" is usually used in
sociological research on the assessment of the spread of the
Internet and its popularity as a means of communication [2].
The number of people in this audience may vary depending on
the methodological approaches used when measuring Internet
audiences. The online community is a relatively constant value,
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 174
because it does not include all Internet users, and only the active
part that not only receives information, but also publishes it on
their personal Web pages or blogs.
Virtual social networks themselves are not communities as
they exist at the expense of interpersonal communication and
their participants did not feel that they are a cohesive
community. However, a virtual projection of real social
networks these services were only initially, and later on their
platform and began to form a virtual community-targeted
associations users on separate Web pages [3].
If we talk about a Russian Internet community, you can ask
a question about the boundaries of this community. At the
moment there is no single concept, which would provide an
opportunity to delineate the precise boundaries of the Russian
Internet community, as well as any other country. But it is
possible to allocate these limits on formal grounds: domain
membership, locale, etc. when it comes to the assignment of the
user to any part of the Internet community, it is the principle of
self-identification, which makes it possible to select the most
their "place" in international communication system. The
Internet is a global network, so you can talk about its
geographical or administrative division only with a
conventionally. Global online community can be called a
"community of communities"-integration of online
communities that arise around the Internet-resources. Such
virtual communities can occur through communication users
using software from a selection of which will depend on the
nature of the Community (blogs, chats, forums). The most
widely used in the 1990-ies received community forums and
chats occurring at individual sites [4]. Often community virtual
network are considered as "object of hunting" on the part of the
political, economic and religious actors, however, are often
actors in each of the environments themselves become
community.
Blogs at the moment are one of the most developing global
network of resource types. According to the Magazine
CHAPTER 10. BLOGGERS AS AGENTS REFORMAT MECHANISM 175
«Advertising Age», 2005 more than a quarter of the working
population were United States readers blogs [5]. At the
moment, every 10th user network conducts its own blog, and
the number of readers of blogs in the Russian segment of the
Network is almost one third of the Russian Internet audience
[6]. The bloggers themselves are leading more active virtual life
than others in your network. For example, studies show that
customers are viewing an average of blogs are twice the number
of pages than Internet users who are not interested in blogging.
Customers blogs demonstrate a greater purchasing power than
the rest of the users on the network [7]. Researchers have
already identified in the development of the blogging surge of
interest in individual projects, which previously existed
through personal pages. The blog itself is a personal,
individual project rather than community and form differs
little from online media. However, unlike authors of personal
pages, bloggers combined usually in virtual community. They
may exist as clearly community, a list of people who are
directly involved in the development and functioning of the
community. They exist in the form of more sleepy sets,
reference groups, which in turn consist of "friends" –
individuals whose subscribed newsfeeds.
Now the value of blogs increases year after year,
since blogs are the most dynamic means of production
and distribution of the information. Expansion of the
blogosphere, aggregate blogs, environment, in which there
are active, intelligent writing and people the Internet has
resulted in traditional and online media are experiencing
serious competition from new means of communicationblogs [8].
A blog is a Web site, the main content of which is regularly
added entries containing text, images, or multimedia. For blogs
is characterized by temporary entries not long significance,
sorted in reverse chronological order (latest entry above).
Differences from traditional blog diary attributed to
environment: blogs are usually open and involve third-party
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 176
readers who may enter into a public debate with the author
(comments to записи in blog or their blogs) [9]. This public
controversy makes blogging networking environment that has
advantages over email, chat rooms, forums, and personal
websites.
Blogs have a lot of different thematic sections. The most
common themes are: politics, economy, construction and
repairs, entertainment, showbiz, humor, travel, fashion and
beauty photography. Many blogs devoted to the public life of
their owners, where the posts contain entries, photos and other
media files that offer readers of these blogs the hidden lives of
their idols.
Time of occurrence of the first blog is considered to be the
year 1992, when British scientist Timothy John Berners-Lee
started to publish on your personal page on the Internet for the
latest news. In the future, blogs have become very popular, but
still required certain skills in Web programming for its creation
and had personal designs each individual blogger. In the year
1999 in the United States was inaugurated the world's first free
service for blogging-Blogger.com. [10].
The very notion of
"blog" was created in the year 1997 by Jorn Barger [11]. The
word began to be used as a noun and verb users of the global
network.
Currently, there are many online services that allow you to
maintain your own based on these blogs. For example, Twitter,
blogs @ Mail.Ru, Juick, Žužužu, LiveJournal, Instagram, and
many others. In addition, a special function that is also a miniblog, offer all the popular social networks such as Facebook and
Vkontakte, Odnoklassniki. Also can be called a blog network
user personal website where he writes about themselves news
and personal thoughts on various topics.
14 of June commemorated the international day for
Blogger, which was coined five hundreds of bloggers from
more than forty countries of the world as a day of global
solidarity, as well as its respect for freedom of expression,
equality and honesty, both online and in life [12]. On this day in
CHAPTER 10. BLOGGERS AS AGENTS REFORMAT MECHANISM 177
2007 each user individual information Internet pages published
on the universal message of solidarity and respect to all
bloggers in the world. This day symbolizes the friendship
between users of blogs from around the world.
Bloggers call people leading blog owners personal pages.
The sum of all blogs worldwide network commonly referred to
as the blogosphere [13]. A clear and scientific definition of the
term "blogosphere" is not. In scientific works mainly write
about blogs and bloggers, but nobody gave a definition of the
blogosphere. But based on an Internet encyclopedia, you can
give the following definition. The blogosphere is a term built
similar to the term "noosphere" and like him, and denoting the
set of all blogs as a community or social network [14]. The
blogosphere is a set of blogs, the environment in which the
"revolve" active, intellectual writing and people on the Internet.
In this environment, are generated by various (sometimes
brilliant) thoughts and ideas that are being picked up by other
participants in the blogosphere, acquire your chance and very
often.
The main gun of the blogosphere is ideas and thoughts.
Without them, a simple set of blogs, nothing would have meant,
exactly like any social network, by themselves, without filling
its content by different people-simple, talented, funny and
desperate in life, nothing is. The elite of the blogosphere are
active, not standard, creative individuals who generate ideas
and inspire other participants. They make up the layer, which
breathes the blogosphere and that she is from the "dead" and
turns into a "live" environment and efficient society.
Blogosphere-essentially, a living organism, it changes every
day, there are new and interesting people, great notes. The
blogosphere is a living, breathing Web. Blogs are different, in
different languages, with different thoughts, but the blogosphere
is one for all [15].
For the first time the word blogosphere invented as a joke
by b. Graham September 10, 1999, his phrase sounded:
"Goodbye, cyberspace! Hello, blogiverse! The blogosphere?
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 178
Blogmos? "meaning a greeting of the blogosphere [16]. Then in
early 2002 year term was coined again and put into circulation
the U. Kvikom, and quickly spread first in military community
blogs covering the American operation in Afghanistan, and then
beyond. In the same year 2002 the word first appears in Russian
LiveJournal blogs. Later the blogosphere became conditionally
subdivided into top and not top depending on the depending on
the blogs and entries.
The phenomenon of the blogosphere is that for several
years the very birthplace of new information space. Due to the
fact that the blogosphere dissemination occurs rapidly and
uncontrollably, it is accelerated and the reaction of public
opinion on various issues. Without outside interference was
established World Wide shell that responds to any more or less
significant events in the world and society, shows and opinion
leaders. The blogosphere is the world of blogs and bloggers, in
that they involve increasing the number of visitors to the
Internet.
1) It can be select several preconditions for the emergence
of the blogosphere:
Pronounced growth of bloggers and blogging. The main
distribution of blogging started in the second half of the 90-ies.
The first blog is considered page t. Berners-Lee, where he since
1992, published news. Wider dissemination of blogs got
1996 g. According to studies on Yandex 2004 year fixed
4 million blogs, and at the 2008 year in the world registered
133 million blogs [17]. That is, for 4 years, the number of blogs
has increased 33 times. More than half of them already have
been created for promotional purposes. According to Yandex, in
Runet about 12 million blogs, while regularly updated one is
1 million. The rapid growth of blogs and bloggers can be
attributed to a number of reasons:
the increase in the number of Internet users;
the ease of creating and maintaining your blog (1999 g.
Pyra Labs created the portal is the first Blogger free, publicly
accessible and easy-to-use tool for bloggers);
CHAPTER 10. BLOGGERS AS AGENTS REFORMAT MECHANISM 179
availability of free access to the network at my
workplace;
full freedom of speech in blogging (up to a certain
amount of time, at the moment of utterance in the blogs for the
purposes of the CRIMINAL CODE are equivalent to the
public).
2) The need and desire of network users to a variety of
information sources and early its getting. Before the advent of
blogosphere media was able to fully control the information
agenda. The blogosphere has been able to satisfy users, with a
range of advantages:
belief in "free blogs, absence of censorship and
advertising;
high speed of information dissemination on the
blogosphere, and eventually throughout the global network;
a large number of sources of information (bloggers);
anonymity.
3) Also blogs meet the social needs of the people. In the
twenty-first century in a person becoming less time for live
communication with people. Lives smoothly flows from real to
virtual, but the individual requires social self-realization.
Occurs more surrogates live communication, and one of them is
a blog-a platform for public debate, the topic of which asks the
blogger.
Blogger is a concept introduced in Russian relatively
recently and refers to a man who runs his own blog on the
Internet. B. Luparev, blogger, whose own personal site, gave his
definition of its activities. Blogger (blogger) is the author of the
blog, is a fundamental concept of the blogosphere. And,
sometimes, blogging can participate specifically for the
employed people. Direct blog author might make it, blogger,
famous, and the blog will bring him money (i.e. earning on the
blog is advertising, paid posts, written to order a blogger and
other paid activities). In Russian-speaking environment
with thousands of bloggers and a large number of subscribers
is termed a thousand men (originally, this definition was
PART II. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS 180
born in LiveJournal), also there is and of ten thousand
prisoners [18].
In Russian-speaking communities, often the question arises
about the correct spelling of the word, with two "g" - blogger or
one "g" - blogger. Until recently, most often writing was used in
the first version, which is an exact copy with English word
blogger. But gradually this option was pressed the second
option, which is now considered to be recognized as the correct
spelling leading sites, including gramota.ru, it happened
because the word blogger contains atypical structure for the
Russian language. Although we recommend the second option,
option writing with one letter, some continue to use a more
traditional version with two "g", as well as other loanwords
from foreign languages. This work used to be the first spelling
of the word, since "blogger" – loanword, and official
information on the correct spelling is not.
Bloggers are active users of the Internet, occupying its
prestigious place in Internet-space. Bloggers as a community
are constituents of the social structure of the Internet space
because of their common objectives, activities and specific
social norms. But can we talk about their status in the
hierarchy? What function can be distinguished from bloggers
and what is their role?
Social functions of bloggers
on the Internet space
Each social object endowed with social features, useful for
society and its individuals. The commonality of bloggers also
has a number of functions that you want to select, in order to
understand the whole of nature studied us community.
The term "function" in Latin means "performance". In
sociology under the term understand the role, purpose, a
specific action item system. Function (from LAT. functiocommit performance) – the ratio of two (groups of) objects, in
which changing one of them leads to a change in another.
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