Технологии продвижения молодого специалиста на рынке труда. Учебное пособие
.pdfǎǏǜǛǜnjǘ ǘǛǜNJǕǘǛǦ ǎNJǕǏǔǘ ǙǘǑNJǎǒ ƴǜǘ ǜǏǙǏǚǦ ǖǘǐǏǜ njNJǖǒ ǝǙǚNJnjǕǩǜǦ ƷNJǡNJǕǦǗǒǔ ƪ ǛǘNjǛǜnjǏǗǗǘ ǙǘǡǏǖǝ ǁǜǘ ǖǘǐǏǜ ǙǚǘǒǑǘǓǜǒ nj ǛNJǖǘǖ ǟǝǎǢǏǖnjNJǚǒNJǗǜǏ ƬNJǛ njǥǍǘǗǩǜ ƷǘǑNJ ǘǎǗǝ ǘǢǒNjǔǝ ǗǏnjǥǍǘǗǩǨǜ ƪ njǥ ǍǘǗǩǜ — ǗNJ ǒǟ ǖǏǛǜǏ ǏǣǏ ǎnjǏǛǜǒ Ƭǥ ǡǜǘ ǗǒǔǘǍǎNJ ǗǏ ǖǏǗǩǕǒ ǚNJNjǘǜǝ ƷNJnjǏǚǗǩǔNJ ǖǏǗǩǕǒ — ǒ ǗǒǡǏǍǘ ǐǒnjǥ
Ƭǘ njǛǏǖ — ǒ nj ǚNJNjǘǜǏ ǒ nj ǘNjǣǏǗǒǒ ǒ nj ǕǨNjnjǒ ǒ nj ǝǡǏNjǏ ǘǢǒNjǔǒ ǗǏ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǖǏǢNJǨǜ ǘǗǒ ǙǘǖǘǍNJǨǜ ǗNJǖ ǎnjǒǍNJǜǦǛǩ njǙǏǚǏǎ ǙǘǕǝǡNJǜǦ ǘǙǥǜ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǓ ǜNJǔ ǗǏǘNjǟǘǎǒǖ nj ǐǒǑǗǒ ƭǘǚNJǑǎǘ njNJǐǗǏǏ ǗǏ ǙǘnjǜǘǚǩǜǦ ǘǎǗǒǟ ǒ ǜǏǟ ǐǏ ǘǢǒNjǘǔ ǎnjNJǐǎǥ ǗǏ ǗNJǛǜǝǙNJǜǦ ǎnjNJ ǚNJǑNJ ǗNJ ǘǎǗǒ ǒ ǜǏ ǐǏ ǍǚNJNjǕǒ
Ƭǥ NjǘǒǜǏǛǦ ǘNjǣNJǜǦǛǩ ƼǘǍǎNJ ǗNJǡǒǗNJǓǜǏ ǘNjǣNJǜǦǛǩ njǏǑǎǏ — ǗNJ ǝǕǒǠǏ nj ǜǚNJǗǛǙǘǚǜǏ nj ǖNJǍNJǑǒǗǏ ǁǜǘ ǜNJǔǘǍǘ ǛǜǚNJǢǗǘǍǘ ǙǚǘǒǑǘǓǎǏǜ ǏǛǕǒ njǥ ǘNjǚNJǜǒǜǏǛǦ ǔ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔǝ ǒǕǒ ǡǜǘ-ǜǘ ǝ ǗǏǍǘ ǛǙǚǘǛǒǜǏ ƮǏǕNJǓǜǏ ǜǘ ǡǜǘnjǥNjǘǒǜǏǛǦ ƴNJǔǜǘǕǦǔǘǡǝnjǛǜnjǝǏǜǏǛǜǚNJǟ ǙǏǚǏǎǡǏǖ-ǜǘ ǛǚNJǑǝ ǐǏ ǒǎǒǜǏ nj ǧǜǝ ǛǒǜǝNJǠǒǨ ƮNJ ǛǜǚNJǢǗǘ ǔǜǘ ǛǙǘǚǒǜ Ʒǘ ǚNJǑ ǘǜ ǚNJǑǝ NjǝǎǏǜ njǛǏ ǕǏǍǡǏ ǒ ǕǏǍǡǏ ǎǏǕNJǜǦ ǜǘ ǙǏǚǏǎ ǡǏǖ ǚNJǗǦǢǏ njǥ ǒǛǙǥǜǥnjNJǕǒ ǛǜǚNJǟ ƫǘǒǜǏǛǦ ǙǝNjǕǒǡǗǥǟ njǥǛǜǝǙǕǏǗǒǓ ƬǥǛǜǝǙNJǓǜǏ njǏǑǎǏ ǍǎǏ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǖǘǐǗǘ ƬǥǛǜǝǙNJǓǜǏǙǘǙǘnjǘǎǝǒNjǏǑnjǛǩǔǘǍǘǙǘnjǘǎNJ ƴǘǚǘǡǏ Ǚǚǒǎǝǖǥ njNJǓǜǏ ǛǏNjǏ ǛǒǜǝNJǠǒǒ nj ǔǘǜǘǚǥǟ njǥ ǡǝnjǛǜnjǝǏǜǏ ǛǜǚNJǟ
Ƭǥ ǔǘǍǎNJ-ǗǒNjǝǎǦ ǗNJNjǕǨǎNJǕǒ ǔNJǔ Ǚǘ-ǚNJǑǗǘǖǝ ǕǨǎǒ njǟǘǎǩǜ nj njǘǎǝ ƴǜǘ-ǜǘ ǑNJǟǘǎǒǜ nj ǖǘǚǏ ǙǘǛǜǏǙǏǗǗǘ ǙǚǒnjǥǔNJǩ ǢNJǍ ǑNJ ǢNJǍǘǖ ǔ ǟǘ Ǖǘǎǝ njǘǎǥ NJ ǔǜǘ-ǜǘ ǙǕǨǟNJǏǜǛǩ ǛǚNJǑǝ ǗǏ ǝǛǙǏnj ǎNJǐǏ ǙǘǡǝnjǛǜnjǘnjNJǜǦ ǡǜǘ njǘǎNJ ǟǘǕǘǎǗNJǩ ƴNJǔNJǩ ǜNJǔǜǒǔNJ njNJǖ NjǕǒǐǏ ƵǒǡǗǘ ǩ ǕǨNjǕǨ njǟǘǎǒǜǦ nj ǛǒǜǝNJǠǒǨ mNjǏǍǘǖ} ǍǕNJnjǗǘǏ njnjǩǑNJǜǦǛǩ nj NjǘǓ NJ ǜNJǖ ǙǘǛǖǘǜǚǒǖ Ƭ ǕǨ Njǘǖ ǛǕǝǡNJǏ ǩ Njǝǎǝ nj njǥǒǍǚǥǢǏ ǕǒNjǘ ǙǘNjǏǎNJ ǕǒNjǘ ǘǙǥǜ Ʋ ǡǜǘ ǛNJǖǘǏ ǒǗǜǏǚǏǛǗǘǏ ǔNJǔ-ǜǘ ǡNJǣǏ ǙǘǕǝǡNJǏǜǛǩ njǛǏ ǐǏ ǙǘNjǏǎNJ
ƶǏǐǎǝ Ǚǚǘǡǒǖ ǧǜǘ ǜNJǔǜǒǔNJ ƷNJǙǘǕǏǘǗNJ — ǙǘNjǏǎǒǜǏǕǩ Ǚǘ ǛnjǘǏǓ Ǜǝǜǒ lj ǕǨNjǕǨ ǡǒǜNJǜǦ NjǒǘǍǚNJǞǒǒ njǥǎNJǨǣǒǟǛǩ ǕǨǎǏǓ ǒ ǜNJǖ ǗNJǟǘǎǒǜǦ ǛǜǚNJǜǏǍǒǒ ǒǟ ǙǘNjǏǎ ǜǘ ǡǜǘ ǛǘNjǛǜnjǏǗǗǘ ǒ ǛǎǏǕNJǕǘ ǒǟ ǙǘNjǏǎǒǜǏǕǩǖǒ ƷNJǙǘǕǏǘǗ ǒ ƪǕǏǔǛNJǗǎǚ ƶNJǔǏǎǘǗǛǔǒǓ ƻǝnjǘǚǘnj ǒ ƾǘǚǎ ƫǒǛǖNJǚǔ ǒ ƬNJ ǢǒǗǍǜǘǗ — ǚNJǑǗǥǏ ǕǨǎǒ ǚNJǑǗǥǏ ǛǝǎǦNjǥ Ʒǘ NjǏǑǝǛǕǘnjǗǘ njǛǏ ǘǗǒ Ǚǘ NjǏǎǒǜǏǕǒ Ǚǘ ǛnjǘǏǓ Ǜǝǜǒ Ʋ ǙǝǛǜǦ ǎNJǐǏ njǥ ǡǜǘ-ǜǘ ǛǎǏǕNJǏǜǏ ǗǏǙǚNJ njǒǕǦǗǘ ǗNJǙǕǏnjNJǜǦ ƹǘNjǏǎǒǜǏǕǏǓ ǗǏ Ǜǝǎǩǜ NJ ǎǘ ǙǘNjǏǐǎǏǗǗǥǟ Ǘǒǔǘǖǝ ǗǏǜ ǎǏǕNJ ƲǜNJǔ njǙǏǚǏǎ NjǏǚǏǖ ǛnjǘǓ ǛǜǚNJǟ ǙǘǎǖǥǢǔǝ ǒ ǒǎǏǖ ǗNJnjǛǜǚǏǡǝ ǙǘNjǏǎǏ
ƲǗǘǍǎNJǐǏǖǘǐǏǜnjǘǑǗǒǔǗǝǜǦǙǚǘNjǕǏǖNJǎǚǝǍǘǍǘǚǘǎNJ ƴǘǖǝ-ǜǘnjǥ ǗǚNJnjǒǜǏǛǦ NJ ǔǘǖǝ-ǜǘ ǗǏǜ ƽ ǗǏǔǘǜǘǚǥǟ ǧǜǘ njǥǑǥnjNJǏǜ ǙǏǚǏǐǒnjNJǗǒǩ ǖǝ ǡǏǗǒǩ ƪ ǛǘNjǛǜnjǏǗǗǘ ǙǘǡǏǖǝ LJǜǘ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǎǘǕǕNJǚ Ǐnjǚǘ ǗǚNJnjǩǜǛǩ njǛǏǖ
51
ƪ ǛǚǏǎǒ ǕǨǎǏǓ ǔNJǔ-ǜǘ njǛǏ ǙǚǘǒǛǟǘǎǒǜ ǒǗNJǡǏ Ʒǒǔǜǘ Ǘǒǔǘǖǝ ǗǏ ǘNjǩǑNJǗ ǗǚNJnjǒǜǦǛǩ ƯǛǜǦ ǎNJǐǏ ǜNJǔNJǩ ǙǘǍǘnjǘǚǔNJ ǔǘǖǝ-ǜǘ ǗǚNJnjǒǜǛǩ ǙǘǙ ǔǘǖǝ-ǜǘ ǙǘǙNJǎǦǩ NJ ǔǘǖǝ-ǜǘ ǒ ǙǘǙǘnjNJ ǎǘǡǔNJ ƺNJǑnjǏ ǗǏ ǜNJǔ ƷNJ ǘǎǗǘǍǘ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔNJ ǔǘǜǘǚǘǖǝ njǥ ǗǏ ǗǚNJnjǒǜǏǛǦ ǏǛǜǦ ǎǏǛǩǜǘǔ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǖ njǥ ǗǚNJnjǒǜǏǛǦ ƬǛǏ ǏǛǜǏǛǜnjǏǗǗǘ ƬǛǙǘǖǗǒǜǏ ǕǨǎǏǓ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǏ ǗǏ ǗǚNJnjǩǜǛǩ njNJǖ ƸǗǒ ǡǜǘ ǛǒǕǦǗǘ ǙǏǚǏǐǒnjNJǨǜ Ǚǘ ǧǜǘǖǝ Ǚǘnjǘǎǝ
ƿǘǡǏǜǛǩ NjǥǜǦ ǛǘnjǏǚǢǏǗǛǜnjǘǖ ƪ ǙǘǙǚǘNjǝǓǜǏ-ǔNJ ǙǚǒǗǩǜǦ ǎǚǝǍǘǓ ǘNjǚNJǑ ǗNJǙǚǒǖǏǚ ƲnjNJǗǝǢǔǒ-ǎǝǚNJǡǔNJ ƸǗ ǐǒǕ NjǥǕ ǘǜǔǚǥǜ ǖǒǚǝ ǒ Ǚǘ ǡǏǖǝ-ǜǘ njǛǏǍǎNJ njǥǒǍǚǥnjNJǕ ǗǏ nj ǙǚǒǖǏǚ ǏǍǘ ǝǖǗǥǖ NjǚNJǜǦǩǖ ƹǘǙǚǘ NjǝǓǜǏ ǛǥǍǚNJǜǦ ǧǜǝ ǚǘǕǦ ƯǛǕǒ ǡǜǘ-ǜǘ ǗǏ ǙǘǗǒǖNJǏǜǏ ǗǏ ǛǜǏǛǗǩǓǜǏǛǦ Ǚǘ ǙǚǘǛǒǜǦ ǘNjǤǩǛǗǒǜǦ lj njNJǖ ǛǔNJǐǝ NjǘǕǦǢǏ ǕǨǎǩǖ ǙǚǒǩǜǗǘ ǔǘǍǎNJ ǒǟ ǙǚǘǛǩǜ ǘNjǤǩǛǗǒǜǦ ǡǜǘ-ǜǘ ƼNJǔ ǛǎǏǕNJǓǜǏ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔǝ ǙǚǒǩǜǗǘ ƼǏǖ NjǘǕǏǏ ǡǜǘ njNJǖ ǧǜǘ ǗǒǡǏǍǘ ǗǏ NjǝǎǏǜ ǛǜǘǒǜǦ ƴ ǕǨNjǘǖǝ ǘNjǣǏǗǒǨ ǘǜǗǘǛǒǜǏǛǦ ǔNJǔ ǔ ǜǚǏǗǒǚǘnjǔǏ ǔNJǔǘǍǘ-ǜǘ ǎǚǝǍǘǍǘ ǘNjǣǏǗǒǩ ǔǘǜǘǚǘǏ njNJǖ ǏǣǏ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǙǚǏǎǛǜǘǒǜ LJǜǘ ǚǏǙǏǜǒǠǒǩ — ǒ ǗǏ NjǘǕǏǏ ǜǘǍǘ
Ƭ ǕǨNjǘǓ ǐǒǑǗǒ ǎǘǕǐǏǗ ǙǚǒǛǝǜǛǜnjǘnjNJǜǦ ǚǒǛǔ ǒǗNJǡǏ ǐǒǑǗǦ NjǝǎǏǜ ǙǚǘǛǜǘ ǙǚǏǛǗǘǓ ƹǘǧǜǘǖǝ ǚǒǛǔǝǓǜǏ Ǘǘ ǚǒǛǔǝǓǜǏ ǘǛǘǑǗNJǗǗǘ ƹǝǛǜǦ ǧǜǘ NjǝǎǏǜ ǡǜǘ-ǜǘ NjǏǑǘǙNJǛǗǘǏ ǎǕǩ ǐǒǑǗǒ Ǘǘ ǣǏǔǘǡǝǣǏǏ ǗǏǚnjǥ ǗNJǙǚǒǖǏǚ ǙǘǔNJǜNJǓǜǏǛǦ ǗNJ ǔǘǕǏǛǏ ǘNjǘǑǚǏǗǒǩ ǗNJ ǘǜǚǥǜǘǓ ǙǕǘǣNJǎǔǏ — ǜNJǔǘǏ ǏǛǜǦ nj ƶǘǛǔnjǏ ǗNJ ƬƮƷƿ ƼǏNjǩ ǙǘǎǗǒǖNJǨǜ ǗNJ NjǏǢǏǗǗǝǨ njǥǛǘǜǝ ǗNJ ǘǎǗǒǟ Ǜǒ ǎǏǗǒǩǟ ƮNJ ǏǛǜǦǛǜǚNJǟǘnjǔNJ ǗǘǘǣǝǣǏǗǒǩnjǛǏǚNJnjǗǘ ǎǘǛǜNJǜǘǡǗǘǛǙǏǠǒ ǞǒǡǗǥǏ ƲǕǒ ǙǘǙǚǘNjǝǓǜǏ mǙǘǜNJǚǑNJǗǒǜǦ} ƪǜǜǚNJǔǠǒǘǗǥ ǒ ǎNJǨǜ njǘǑ ǖǘǐǗǘǛǜǦ ǙǘǡǝnjǛǜnjǘnjNJǜǦ ǛǜǚNJǟ nj NjǏǑǘǙNJǛǗǥǟ ǎǕǩ ǐǒǑǗǒ ǝǛǕǘnjǒǩǟ Ǚǘ ǣǏǔǘǜNJǜǦ ǗǏǚnjǥ ƺNJǛǢǒǚǩǓǜǏ ǘNjǕNJǛǜǒ Ǜnjǘǒǟ ǚǒǛǔǘnj ƴǜǘ ǗǏ ǚǒǛǔǝǏǜ ǜǘǜ ǗǏ ǙǦǏǜ ǢNJǖǙNJǗǛǔǘǏ
ƻ ǕǨNjǥǖǒ Ǜnjǘǒǖǒ ǛǜǚNJǟNJǖǒ ǖǘǐǗǘ ǒ ǗǝǐǗǘ ǝǛǙǏǢǗǘ ǚNJNjǘǜNJǜǦ ƹǚǘNjǝǓǜǏ — ǟǝǐǏ ǗǏ NjǝǎǏǜ
ƽnjǏǚǏǗǗǘǛǜǦ — ǘǛǗǘnjNJ ǝǛǙǏǟNJ
Ƭ ǘǛǗǘnjǏ ǕǨNjǘǍǘ ǝǛǙǏǟNJ ǕǏǐǒǜ ǝnjǏǚǏǗǗǘǛǜǦ nj ǛǏNjǏ nj ǛǘNjǛǜnjǏǗ Ǘǥǟ ǛǒǕNJǟ ƪ ǜǏǙǏǚǦ ǎNJnjNJǓǜǏ ǚNJǑNjǏǚǏǖǛǩ ǡǜǘ ǐǏ ǜNJǔǘǏ ǝnjǏǚǏǗǗǘǛǜǦ ƺNJǑǗǥǏ ǕǨǎǒ ǙǘǗǒǖNJǨǜ ǧǜǘ ǛǕǘnjǘ Ǚǘ-ǚNJǑǗǘǖǝ ǔNJǐǎǥǓ Ǚǘ-ǛnjǘǏǖǝ ƹǚǘǣǏ Ǎǘnjǘǚǩ ǧǜǘ njǏǚNJ nj ǛǏNjǩ nj ǛǘNjǛǜnjǏǗǗǥǏ ǛǒǕǥ ƻ ǘǎǗǘǓ ǛǜǘǚǘǗǥ ǧǜǘ ǚǏǑǝǕǦǜNJǜ ǗNJǢǏǍǘ njǘǛǙǒǜNJǗǒǩ Ǜ ǎǚǝǍǘǓ — ǗNJǢNJ ǍǘǜǘnjǗǘǛǜǦ ǙǚǘǒǑ njǘǎǒǜǦ ǒǑǖǏǗǏǗǒǩ nj ǛǘNjǛǜnjǏǗǗǘǓ ǐǒǑǗǒ ǗǏ NjǘǩǛǦ ǡǝǐǘǓ ǘǠǏǗǔǒ
52
ƲǖǏǗǗǘ ǝnjǏǚǏǗǗǘǛǜǦ nj Ǜnjǘǒǟ ǛǒǕNJǟ ǎǘǕǐǗNJ ǙǚǘǗǒǑǥnjNJǜǦ njǛǏ njNJǢǒ Ǚǘ ǛǜǝǙǔǒ njǛǏ njNJǢǒ ǎǏǕNJ
ƷNJnjǏǚǗǩǔNJ nj njNJǢǏǖ ǘǔǚǝǐǏǗǒǒ ǗNJǓǎǏǜǛǩ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǝnjǏǚǏǗǗǥǓ nj ǛǏNjǏ ǒ Ǜnjǘǒǟ ǛǒǕNJǟ ƹǘǗNJNjǕǨǎNJǓǜǏ ǑNJ Ǘǒǖ ǙǘǙǚǘNjǝǓǜǏ njǥǎǏǕǒǜǦ ǜǏ ǡǏǚǜǥ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǏ ǎǏǕNJǨǜ ǏǍǘ ǝnjǏǚǏǗǗǥǖ nj ǛǏNjǏ ƸNjǚNJǜǒǜǏ njǗǒǖNJǗǒǏ ǗNJ ǏǍǘ Ǚǘ ǟǘǎǔǝ ǗNJ ǖNJǗǏǚǝ ǏǍǘ ǙǘnjǏǎǏǗǒǩ ǗNJ ǜǘ ǡǜǘ ǒ ǔNJǔ ǘǗ Ǎǘnjǘǚǒǜ ƷNJ ǙǏǚnjǥǟ ǧǜNJǙNJǟ ǚNJNjǘǜǥ ǗNJǎ ǛǘNjǘǓ ǙǘǙǥǜNJǓǜǏǛǦ ǏǍǘ ǔǘǙǒǚǘnjNJǜǦ ƬǗǝǜǚǏǗǗǏ ǛǜNJǗǦǜǏ ǧǜǒǖ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔǘǖ ǙǘǙǚǘNjǝǓǜǏ njǒǎǏǜǦ ǖǒǚ ǒ ǛǏNjǩ nj ǜǘǖ ǡǒǛǕǏ ǏǍǘ ǍǕNJǑNJǖǒ ƿǘǚǘǢǘ ǏǛǕǒ ǜNJǔǘǓ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǗNJǓǎǏǜǛǩ nj njNJǢǏǖ NjǕǒǐNJǓǢǏǖ ǘǔǚǝǐǏǗǒǒ ƼǘǍǎNJ njǥ ǛǖǘǐǏǜǏ NjǘǕǏǏ njǗǒǖNJǜǏǕǦǗǘ ǑNJ Ǘǒǖ ǗNJNjǕǨǎNJǜǦ ǘǜǖǏǡNJǜǦ ǘǛǘNjǏǗǗǘǛǜǒ ǏǍǘ ǐǏǛǜǒǔǝǕǩǠǒǒ Ǚǘǟǘǎǔǒ ǙǘnjǏǎǏǗǒǩ ƾǒǔǛǒ ǚǝǓǜǏ ǜNJǔǐǏ ǜǏ ǖǥǛǕǒ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǏ Ǚǚǒǟǘǎǩǜ njNJǖ nj ǍǘǕǘnjǝ Ǚǘ ǧǜǘǖǝ Ǚǘ njǘǎǝ
ƪ ǜǏǙǏǚǦ ǏǣǏ ǘǎǗǘ ǑNJǎNJǗǒǏ ǔǘǜǘǚǘǏ ǙǘǖǘǐǏǜ njNJǖ ǙǘǗǩǜǦ ǛǔǘǕǦ ǖǗǘǍǘǏ njǥ ǝǖǏǏǜǏ ǒ ǔNJǔ ǖǗǘǍǘ njǥ ǑǗNJǏǜǏ
ƮǘǖNJǢǗǏǏǑNJǎNJǗǒǏ ƻǘǛǜNJnjǦǜǏǘNjǩǑNJǜǏǕǦǗǘǙǒǛǦǖǏǗǗǥǓǛǙǒǛǘǔ njǛǏǟ njNJǢǒǟ ǗNJnjǥǔǘnj ǒ ǝǖǏǗǒǓ ƬǛǙǘǖǗǒǜǏ njǛǏ njǛǏ ǡǜǘ njǥ ǝǖǏǏǜǏ ǎǏ ǕNJǜǦ ǙǘǟnjNJǕǒǜǏ ǛǏNjǩ ƺNJǑǎǏǕǒǜǏ njǛǏ ǗNJǙǒǛNJǗǗǥǏ njNJǖǒ ǗNJnjǥǔǒ ǒ ǝǖǏǗǒǩ ǗNJ ǘNjǣǒǏ ǒ ǛǙǏǠǒNJǕǦǗǥǏ ǜǏ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǏ ǖǘǍǝǜ njNJǖ ǙǚǒǍǘǎǒǜǦǛǩ ǗNJ ǚNJ NjǘǜǏ
ǀǏǕǦ ǧǜǘǍǘ ǑNJǎNJǗǒǩ — ǙǘǔNJǑNJǜǦ ǔNJǔ ǖǗǘǍǘ njǛǏǍǘ njǥ ǗNJ ǛNJǖǘǖ-ǜǘ ǎǏǕǏ ǝǖǏǏǜǏ ƹǘǖǗǒǜǏ ǔǘǜNJ ƶNJǜǚǘǛǔǒǗNJ ƸǗ ǒ ǗNJ ǖNJǢǒǗǔǏ ǝǖǏǏǜ ǒ ǔǚǏǛǜǒǔǘǖ njǥǢǒnjNJǜǦ ƬǘǑǦǖǒǜǏ Ǜ ǗǏǍǘ ǙǚǒǖǏǚ ǒ ǗNJǙǒǢǒǜǏ ǛǙǒǛǘǔ ǙǘǎǕǒǗǗǏǏ ƸǜǎǏǕǦǗǘ njǥǎǏǕǒǜǏ ǜNJǔǒǏ ǔNJǔ
xƱǗNJǗǒǏ ǒǗǘǛǜǚNJǗǗǥǟ ǩǑǥǔǘnj ƷNJ ǛǏǍǘǎǗǩǢǗǒǓ ǎǏǗǦ ǧǜǘ ǘǡǏǗǦ ǙǘǕǏǑǗǥǏ ǑǗNJǗǒǩ ǎǘNjNJnjǕǩǨǣǒǏ njNJǖ njǏǛ nj ǍǕNJǑNJǟ ǚNJNjǘǜǘǎNJ ǜǏǕǏǓ ƶǗǘǍǒǏ Ǟǒǚǖǥ ǛǘǜǚǝǎǗǒǡNJǨǜ Ǜ ǑNJǚǝNjǏǐǗǥǖǒ ǙNJǚǜǗǏ ǚNJǖǒ Ǚǘǧǜǘǖǝ ǜNJǔ njNJǐǗǘ ǒǖǏǜǦ njǘǑǖǘǐǗǘǛǜǦ ǘNjǣNJǜǦǛǩ Ǜ Ǘǒǖǒ ǗǏ ǙǚǒNjǏǍNJǩ ǔ ǝǛǕǝǍNJǖ ǙǏǚǏnjǘǎǡǒǔǘnj
xƽǖǏǗǒǏ ǚNJNjǘǜNJǜǦ ǗNJ ǔǘǖǙǦǨǜǏǚǏ ƴǘǖǙǦǨǜǏǚ — ǧǜǘ ǘǎǒǗ ǒǑ ǘǛǗǘnjǗǥǟ ǒǗǛǜǚǝǖǏǗǜǘnj ǛǏǍǘǎǗǩǢǗǏǍǘ NjǒǑǗǏǛNJ ƹǘ-ǖǘǏǖǝ
ǛǏǓǡNJǛǗǏǜǞǒǚǖǥ ǍǎǏNjǥǗǒǛǜǘǩǕǔǘǖǙǦǨǜǏǚ ƴǜǘǖǝǐǏǝǖǏ ǗǒǏǗNJǙǏǡNJǜNJǜǦǚNJǑǕǒǡǗǥǏǎǘǔǝǖǏǗǜǥǙǘǑnjǘǕǒǜnjNJǖǗǏǑNJnjǒ ǛǏǜǦ ǘǜ ǖNJǢǒǗǒǛǜǘǔ ǒ ǛǏǔǚǏǜNJǚǏǓ
53
xƽǖǏǗǒǏ ǙǘǕǦǑǘnjNJǜǦǛǩ ǘǞǒǛǗǘǓ ǜǏǟǗǒǔǘǓ LJǜǘ ǜǘǐǏ ǘǎǗNJ
ǒǑ ǗǏǘǜǤǏǖǕǏǖǥǟ ǙǚǒǗNJǎǕǏǐǗǘǛǜǏǓ ǛǘnjǚǏǖǏǗǗǥǟ ǘǞǒǛǘnj ƾNJǔǛǥ ǙǚǒǗǜǏǚǥ ǔǛǏǚǘǔǛǥ ǖǒǗǒ-ƪƼƻ ǒ Ǚǚ ƱǗNJǗǒǏ ǙǘǎǘNj
ǗǘǓ ǜǏǟǗǒǔǒ ǑǗNJǡǒǜǏǕǦǗǘ ǘNjǕǏǍǡǒǜ njNJǖ ǐǒǑǗǦ
xƽǖǏǗǒǏ njǘǎǒǜǦ ǖNJǢǒǗǝ ƪnjǜǘǖǘNjǒǕǦ ǛǏǓǡNJǛ ǒǛǙǘǕǦǑǝǏǜǛǩ ǗǏ
ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǎǕǩ ǜǘǍǘ ǡǜǘNjǥ ǎǘǏǟNJǜǦ ǗNJ ǚNJNjǘǜǝ ǒǕǒ ǎǘǖǘǓ ƷǏ ǑNJ njǒǛǏǜǦ ǘǜ njǘǎǒǜǏǕǩ — ǧǜǘ ǎǘǛǜNJǜǘǡǗǘ ǠǏǗǗǘǏ ǔNJǡǏǛǜnjǘ
xƽǖǏǗǒǏ ǝǙǚNJnjǕǩǜǦ ǕǨǎǦǖǒ ƭǎǏ Njǥ njǥ ǗǏ ǚNJNjǘǜNJǕǒ njNJǖ Ǚǚǒ ǎǏǜǛǩ ǒǖǏǜǦ ǎǏǕǘ Ǜ ǕǨǎǦǖǒ Ǚǘǧǜǘǖǝ ǝǖǏǗǒǏ njǑNJǒǖǘǎǏǓǛǜnjǘ njNJǜǦ Ǜ ǎǚǝǍǒǖǒ ǩnjǕǩǏǜǛǩ ǘǎǗǒǖ ǒǑ njNJǐǗǏǓǢǒǟ ǔNJǡǏǛǜnj
xƹǚǘǞǏǛǛǒǘǗNJǕǦǗǥǏ ǗNJnjǥǔǒ ƵǨNjNJǩ ǝǡǏNjNJ ǙǘǟnjNJǕǦǗNJ ƸǗNJ ǙǘǑ
njǘǕǩǏǜ njNJǢǏǖǝ ǖǘǑǍǝ ǗǏ mǑNJǚNJǛǜǒ ǙNJǝǜǒǗǘǓ} ƮǏǚǐǒǜǏ ǛnjǘǓ ǖǘǑǍ nj ǜǘǗǝǛǏ ǛǜǚǏǖǒǜǏǛǦ ǙǘǛǜǘǩǗǗǘ ǛǘnjǏǚǢǏǗǛǜnjǘnjNJǜǦ Ǜnjǘǒ ǑǗNJǗǒǩ ǒ ǝǖǏǗǒǩ
ƹǘǎǘNjǗǥǏ ǚNJǑǖǥǢǕǏǗǒǩ ǘ ǛǏNjǏ ǙǘǖǘǍNJǨǜ ǎǏǚǐNJǜǦ ǛǏNjǩ nj ǜǘǗǝǛǏ ǒ mǗǏ njǏǢNJǜǦ ǗǘǛ} ƹǘǖǘǍNJǏǜ ǘǛǘǑǗNJǜǦ ǔNJǔ ǖǗǘǍǘ ǖǥ ǝǖǏǏǖ ƹǘǕǏǑǗǘ ǙǘǎǘNjǗǥǏǚNJǑǖǥǢǕǏǗǒǩ ǘǛǜNJnjǕǩǜǦǛǏNjǏǗNJǙNJǖǩǜǦ njǞǘǚǖǏ ǎǗǏnjǗǒǔǘ njǥǟ ǑNJǙǒǛǏǓ ǡǜǘNjǥ ǙǏǚǒǘǎǒǡǏǛǔǒ ǘNjǚNJǣNJǜǦǛǩ ǔ Ǘǒǖ ǔǘǍǎNJ ǗNJ ǎǝǢǏ mǔǘǢǔǒ ǛǔǚǏNjǝǜ} ǒ njǛǏ njNJǕǒǜǛǩ ǒǑ ǚǝǔ
ƯǣǏǘǎǗǒǖǛǙǘǛǘNjǘǖǑNJǖǘǜǒnjǒǚǘnjNJǜǦǛǏNjǩǔǎǘǛǜǒǐǏǗǒǨnjǛǏǗǘ njǥǟ ǒ Ǘǘnjǥǟ ǝǛǙǏǟǘnj ǩnjǕǩǨǜǛǩ ǚNJǑǕǒǡǗǥǏ NJǞǞǒǚǖNJǠǒǒ ǒǕǒ njǎǘǟǗǘnj ǕǩǨǣǒǏ ǝǜnjǏǚǐǎǏǗǒǩ LJǜǘ ǛǙǘǛǘNj ǙǘǟnjNJǕǒǜǦ ǙǘǎǎǏǚǐNJǜǦ ǛǏNjǩ ƸǗǒ ǙǘǖǘǍNJǨǜ ǡǝnjǛǜnjǘnjNJǜǦ ǛǏNjǩ NjǘǕǏǏ ǝnjǏǚǏǗǗǥǖ NJ ǜNJǔǐǏ ǗNJǙǚNJnjǒǜǦ ǛǏNjǩ ǗNJ ǜǘǜ ǙǝǜǦ ǔǝǎNJ njNJǖ ǘǡǏǗǦ ǟǘǡǏǜǛǩ Ǘǘ ǙǘǡǏǖǝ-ǜǘ ǛǜǚNJǢǗǘ ǒǎǜǒ ƫǥ njNJǏǜ ǜNJǔǘǏ Ƭǥ ǔNJǔ Njǥ ǙǚǘǍǚNJǖǖǒǚǝǏǜǏ ǛǘNjǛǜnjǏǗǗǘǏ ǛǘǑǗNJǗǒǏ ǗNJ ǎǘ ǛǜǒǐǏǗǒǏǜǏǟǠǏǕǏǓ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǟǎǏǓǛǜnjǒǜǏǕǦǗǘǟǘǜǒǜǏǎǘǛǜǒǡǦ ƸǗǒǚNJǑ ǚǝǢNJǨǜ ǗǏǍNJǜǒnjǗǥǏ ǙǚǏǙǩǜǛǜnjǒǩ nj njNJǢǏǖ ǛǘǑǗNJǗǒǒ njǥ ǖǏǗǩǏǜǏ ǛnjǘǏ ǘǜǗǘǢǏǗǒǏ ǔ ǔNJǔǘǖǝ-ǕǒNjǘ njǘǙǚǘǛǝ ǘǜ mǩ ǗǏ ǖǘǍǝ ǝ ǖǏǗǩ ǗǏ ǙǘǕǝǡǒǜǛǩ} ǔ mǩ njǛǏ ǖǘǍǝ} ƴǘǗǏǡǗǘ ǐǏ NJǞǞǒǚǖNJǠǒǒ ǗǏ ǛǖǘǍǝǜ ǗNJǝǡǒǜǦ njNJǛ ǒǛǙǘǕ ǗǩǜǦ ǚNJǑǕǒǡǗǥǏ NjNJǕǏǜǗǥǏ ǙNJ ǏǛǕǒ njǥ NjNJǕǏǜǘǖ ǗǒǔǘǍǎNJ ǗǏ ǑNJǗǒǖNJ ǕǒǛǦ Ʒǘ ǏǛǕǒ NjNJǕǏǜ — ǧǜǘ njNJǢ ǔǘǗǏǔ ǜǘ njǥ NjǝǎǏǜǏ ǜNJǗǠǏnjNJǜǦ ǕǝǡǢǏ Ʋ ǜNJǔ nj ǕǨNjǘǖ njǒǎǏ ǎǏǩǜǏǕǦǗǘǛǜǒ Ƭǥ ǗǏ njǏǚǒǜǏ nj ǜǘ ǡǜǘ njǥ ǛǖǘǐǏǜǏ ƼNJǔ ǝNjǏǎǒǜǏ ǛǏNjǩ nj ǧǜǘǖ
Ƭǘǜ ǗǏǛǔǘǕǦǔǘ ǙǚNJnjǒǕ Ǚǘ ǚNJNjǘǜǏ Ǜ NJǞǞǒǚǖNJǠǒǩǖǒ
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xƸǗǒ ǎǘǕǐǗǥ ǛǘǎǏǚǐNJǜǦ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǙǘǑǒǜǒnjǗǥǓ ǛǖǥǛǕ
xƻǘǛǜNJnjǕǩǓǜǏ ǒǟ ǜNJǔ ǡǜǘNjǥ njǥ ǖǘǍǕǒ ǙǘnjǏǚǒǜǦ ǒǖ
54
xƹǝǛǜǦ ǘǗǒ njǥǚNJǐNJǨǜ ǜǘ ǡǜǘ njǥ ǎǏǓǛǜnjǒǜǏǕǦǗǘ ǟǘǜǒǜǏ ǎǘ ǛǜǒǡǦ
xƼǏǔǛǜNJǞǞǒǚǖNJǠǒǒǎǘǕǐǏǗNjǥǜǦǛǘǛǜNJnjǕǏǗnjǙǘǑǒǜǒnjǗǥǟǜǏǚ ǖǒǗNJǟ Ǚǘǜǘǖǝ ǡǜǘ ǙǘǎǛǘǑǗNJǗǒǏ ǗǏ ǙǘǗǒǖNJǏǜ ǘǜǚǒǠNJǗǒǓ
xƽǔNJǑǥnjNJǓǜǏ nj Ǘǒǟ ǡǏǍǘ njǥ ǟǘǜǒǜǏ ǎǘǛǜǒǡǦ NJ ǗǏ ǜǘ ǘǜ ǡǏǍǘ njǥ ǟǘǜǒǜǏ ǝǓǜǒ
xƹǘnjǜǘǚǩǓǜǏ ǒǟ ǘǡǏǗǦ ǛǙǘǔǘǓǗǘ ǒ njǎǝǖǡǒnjǘ
xƱNJǙǒǢǒǜǏ ǒǟ ǗNJ ǔNJǚǜǘǡǔNJǟ ǒ ǚNJǑǖǏǛǜǒǜǏ ǜNJǖ ǍǎǏ njNJǢ njǑǍǕǩǎ NjǝǎǏǜ ǙǘǛǜǘǩǗǗǘ ǗNJ Ǘǒǟ ǗNJǜǥǔNJǜǦǛǩ
xƬǥǖǘǐǏǜǏǙǚǘǍǘnjNJǚǒnjNJǜǦǒǟnjǛǕǝǟǒǕǒǚNJǛǙǏnjNJǜǦ— ǔǘǖǝǔNJǔ ǗǚNJnjǒǜǛǩ
xƪǞǞǒǚǖNJǠǒǒǖǘǍǝǜNjǥǜǦǘNjǣǒǖǒǒǕǒǔǘǗǔǚǏǜǗǥǖǒ— ǧǜǘǗǏ njNJǐǗǘ ƸǗǒ ǖǘǍǝǜ ǘǜǗǘǛǒǜǦǛǩ ǔ ǕǨNjǘǓ ǛǞǏǚǏ njNJǢǏǓ ǐǒǑǗǒ —
ǙǘnjǏǎǏǗǒǨ njǗǏǢǗǘǛǜǒ ǒ ǜ Ǚ
ƯǛǕǒ njNJǢNJ njǏǚNJ nj ǛǏNjǩ ǛǘǏǎǒǗǩǏǜǛǩ Ǜ ǖǥǛǕǦǨ ǜǘ ǧǜǘ ǖǘǐǏǜ NjǥǛǜǚǘ ǙǚǒnjǏǛǜǒ njNJǛ ǔ ǗNJǖǏǡǏǗǗǘǓ ǠǏǕǒ ƬǏǚNJ — ǧǜǘ njǛǏǍǘ ǕǒǢǦ Ǜǘ ǛǜǘǩǗǒǏ ǝǖNJ Ʋ ǏǍǘ ǖǘǐǗǘ njǥǑnjNJǜǦ Ǚǚǒ Ǚǘǖǘǣǒ ǛNJǖǘnjǗǝǢǏǗǒǩ ƷǏ njNJǐǗǘ njǘ ǡǜǘ njǥ njǏǚǒǜǏ — nj ǜǘ ǡǜǘ ǖǘǐǏǜǏ ǒǕǒ nj ǜǘ ǡǜǘ ǗǏ ǖǘǐǏǜǏ ƭǕNJnjǗǘǏ ǡǜǘ Ǚǘ njǏǚǏ njNJǢǏǓ ǒ njǘǑǎNJǛǜǛǩ njNJǖ Ƭǥ ǖǘǐǏǜǏ ǙǚǏǜnjǘǚǒǜǦ nj ǐǒǑǗǦǕǨNjǘǏnjNJǢǏǐǏǕNJǗǒǏ ǔNJǔǜǘǕǦǔǘǘǗǘǘnjǕNJǎǏǏǜǙǘǎǛǘǑǗNJǗǒǏǖ ưǒǑǗǦ ǛNJǖNJ NjǝǎǏǜ njNJǖ ǙǘǖǘǍNJǜǦ ƹǘǧǜǘǖǝ ǛǜNJǚNJǓǜǏǛǦ ǙǘǘǣǚǩǜǦ ǙǘǕǘ ǐǒǜǏǕǦǗǥǏ ǧǖǘǠǒǒ ǡǜǘNjǥ ǒǟ NjǥǕǘ ǝ njNJǛ NjǘǕǦǢǏ Ʋ ǛnjǘǎǒǜǏ ǔ ǖǒǗǒ ǖǝǖǝ njǛǏ ǘǜǚǒǠNJǜǏǕǦǗǥǏ
ƴǘǍǎNJ njǥ njǗǝǜǚǏǗǗǏ ǗNJǛǜǚǘǏǗǥ ǗNJ ǝǛǙǏǟ ǗNJǡǒǗNJǨǜ ǙǚǘǒǛǟǘǎǒǜǦ ǗNJǛǜǘǩǣǒǏ ǡǝǎǏǛNJ ǑnjǘǗǒǜ ǗǝǐǗǥǓ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǒǕǒ ǙǚǏǎǕNJǍNJǨǜ ǎǘǙǘǕǗǒ ǜǏǕǦǗǝǨ njǘǑǖǘǐǗǘǛǜǦ ǑNJǚNJNjǘǜNJǜǦ ƫǏǑǝǛǕǘnjǗǘ ǧǜǘ ǒǑ ǘNjǕNJǛǜǒ ǞNJǗǜNJ Ǜǜǒǔǒ ǒ ǜǏǖ ǗǏ ǖǏǗǏǏ ǧǜǘ ǔNJǔǒǖ-ǜǘ ǗǏǙǘǛǜǒǐǒǖǥǖ ǘNjǚNJǑǘǖ ǙǚǘǒǛǟǘ ǎǒǜ ƯǛǕǒ ǐǏǍǘnjǘǚǒǜǦǗNJǝǡǗǥǖǩǑǥǔǘǖ ǜǘnjǘǑǗǒǔNJǏǜǧǗǏǚǍǘǒǗǞǘǚǖNJ ǠǒǘǗǗǥǓ ǚǏǑǘǗNJǗǛ ǒ ǙǘǎǘNjǗǘǏ ǙǚǒǜǩǍǒnjNJǏǜǛǩ ǔ ǙǘǎǘNjǗǘǖǝ lj ǗǏ ǙǚǏǎǕNJǍNJǨ njNJǖ ǙǘnjǏǚǒǜǦ ǩ ǙǚǏǎǕNJǍNJǨ njNJǖ ǙǘǙǚǘNjǘnjNJǜǦ
ƫǝǎǦǜǏ njǥǛǔǘǡǔǘǓ ƹǚǘǎnjǒǍNJǩǛǦ njnjǏǚǟ Ǚǘ ǕǏǛǜǗǒǠǏ ǝǛǙǏǟNJ njǥ ǝǎNJǕǩǏǜǏǛǦǘǜǛǜNJǚǥǟǙNJǚǜǗǏǚǘnjǒǎǚǝǑǏǓ ƬNJǢǒǛǜNJǚǥǏǎǚǝǑǦǩ ǗǏǚNJǑ ǎǏǕǩǨǣǒǏ njNJǢǒǟ ǡǏǛǜǘǕǨNjǒnjǥǟ ǝǛǜǚǏǖǕǏǗǒǓ ǖǘǍǝǜ ǑNJnjǒǎǘnjNJǜǦ njNJǖ Ǚǘǜǘǖǝ ǡǜǘ njǥ ǝǟǘǎǒǜǏ ǒǑ ǒǟ ǖǒǚNJ ǁǜǘNjǥ ǝǑǗNJǜǦ ǒǛǜǒǗǗǝǨ Ǚǚǒǚǘǎǝ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔNJ ǙǘǛǖǘǜǚǒǜǏ Ǜ ǔǏǖ ǘǗ Ǚǚǘnjǘǎǒǜ ǛnjǘǏ njǚǏǖǩ Ʒǒǡǜǘ ǗǏ ǘǔNJǑǥ njNJǏǜ NjǘǕǦǢǏǍǘ njǕǒǩǗǒǩ ǗNJ njNJǢǒ Ǚǚǒnjǥǡǔǒ ǒ ǛǜǒǕǦ ǐǒǑǗǒ ǡǏǖ ǕǨǎǒ Ǜ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǖǒ njǥ ǘNjǣNJǏǜǏǛǦ ƹǘǧǜǘǖǝ ǕǨǎǒ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǏ ǒǎǝǜ njnjǏǚǟ Ǚǘ ǔNJ
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ǚǦǏǚǗǘǓǕǏǛǜǗǒǠǏ njǙǏǚnjǝǨǘǡǏǚǏǎǦ ǜǏǚǩǨǜǜǏǟǛnjǘǒǟǛǜNJǚǥǟǎǚǝǑǏǓ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǏ ǗǏ ǙǘǛǙǏnjNJǨǜ ǑNJ Ǘǒǖǒ ǁNJǣǏ ǎǚǝǑǦǩǖ ǕǏǍǡǏ ǙǏǚǏǗǏǛǜǒ njǑǕǏǜ ǛǘnjǏǚǢǏǗǗǘ ǡǝǐǘǍǘ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔNJ ǡǏǖ njNJǢǒ ǎǘǛǜǒǐǏǗǒǩ ƸǗǒ ǕǨNjǩǜ njNJǛ ǎǘ ǜǏǟ Ǚǘǚ ǙǘǔNJ njǥ ǗNJǟǘǎǒǜǏǛǦ ǗNJ ǒǟ ǝǚǘnjǗǏ LJǜǘ ǙǚǘǒǛǟǘǎǒǜ ǒǑ-ǑNJ ǒǟ ǗǒǑǔǘǓ ǛNJǖǘǘǠǏǗǔǒ ƬNJǖ ǛǕǏǎǝǏǜ ǛǙǘǔǘǓǗǘ ǒ ǎǘǛǜǘǓǗǘ ǝǎNJǕǒǜǦǛǩ LJǜǒǖ njǥ ǘǜǔǚǘǏǜǏ ǖǏǛǜǘ ǎǕǩ Ǘǘnjǥǟ ǛnjǩǑǏǓ
ƭǕNJnjǗǘǏ ǡǜǘ ǖǏǢNJǏǜ nj ǘNjǣǏǗǒǒ Ǜǘ ǛǜNJǚǥǖǒ ǎǚǝǑǦǩǖǒ — ǧǜǘ ǑNJ njǒǛǜǦ ƴǘǗǏǡǗǘ ǖǘǐǗǘ ǗNJǝǡǒǜǦǛǩ ǏǏ ǗǏ ǙǚǘǩnjǕǩǜǦ Ǘǘ ǙǘǕǗǘǛǜǦǨ ǒǑ NjNJnjǒǜǦǛǩ ǘǜ ǗǏǏ ǗǏǕǦǑǩ ƱNJnjǒǛǜǦ — ǧǜǘ ǠǏǕǥǓ ǔǕǝNjǘǔ ǛNJǖǥǟ ǩǎǘnjǒǜǥǟ ǒǖǙǝǕǦǛǘnj LJǜǘ ǒ ǐNJǕǘǛǜǦ ǔ ǛǏNjǏ ǒ njǘǑǖǝǣǏǗǒǏ ǗǏǛǙǚNJnjǏǎǕǒnjǘǛǜǦǨ ǛǝǎǦNjǥ ǒ NjǝǗǜ Ǚǚǘǜǒnj ǗǏǏ ǐǏǕNJǗǒǏ ǕǒǢǒǜǦ njǘǑnjǥǛǒnjǢǏǍǘǛǩ ǡǏǕǘ njǏǔNJ ǏǍǘ ǙǚǏǒǖǝǣǏǛǜnj ƻǡǒǜNJǏǜǛǩ ǡǜǘ NjǏǎǗǩǔǒ NjǘǕǏǏ njǛǏǟ ǛǔǕǘǗǗǥ ǔ ǑNJnjǒǛǜǒ ƴNJǐǎNJǩ ǔǝǕǦǜǝǚNJ ǙǚNJǔǜǒǔǝǏǜ Ǜnjǘǒ ǛǙǘǛǘNjǥ ǑNJǣǒǜǥ ǘǜ ǑNJnjǒ Ǜǜǒ Ǚǘǜǘǖǝ ǡǜǘ ǏǛǕǒ ǗǏ ǘǛǜNJǗǘnjǒǜǦ ǧǜǘ ǡǝnjǛǜnjǘ ǘǗǘ ǗǏ ǘǛǜNJǗNJnjǕǒnjNJ ǏǜǛǩ Ǘǒ ǙǏǚǏǎ ǡǏǖ
ƴNJǔǙǒǢǏǜƪ ƫǏǕǔǒǗ ǔǘǍǎNJnjǥǔǡǏǖǝ-ǜǘǛǜǚǏǖǒǜǏǛǦ ǜǘǝǛǜNJǗǘnjǔNJ ǗNJ ǎǘǛǜǒǐǏǗǒǩ ǗǏǓǜǚNJǕǒǑǝǏǜ ǏǏ ǙǚǘǜǒnjǘǙǘǕǘǐǗǥǖ Ǚǘ ǛǖǥǛǕǝ ǒǖ ǙǝǕǦǛǘǖ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǓ ǖǘǐǗǘ njǥǚNJǑǒǜǦ ǛǕǘnjNJǖǒ ǩ ǜǘǐǏ ǗǏ ǟǝǐǏ ǜǏNjǩ ǁǏǚ ǗǝǨ ǧǗǏǚǍǒǨ ǑNJnjǒǛǜǒ ǝǛǜNJǗǘnjǔNJ ǗNJ ǎǘǛǜǒǐǏǗǒǩ ǙǏǚǏnjǘǙǕǘǣNJǏǜ nj ǎǘ ǙǘǕǗǒǜǏǕǦǗǥǓ ǚǏǛǝǚǛ ǛNJǖǘǚNJǑnjǒǜǒǩ ǕǒǡǗǘǛǜǒ nj ǧǗǏǚǍǒǨ ǙǘǎǤǏǖNJ
ƬǛǏǟ ǜǩǍǘǜǒǜ NjǏǎǗǘǛǜǦ ƸǎǗNJǔǘ ǒǗǒǠǒNJǜǒnjNJ ǎǚǝǍǘǍǘ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔNJ ǏǍǘ ǙǘǙǥǜǔǒ ǒǑǖǏǗǒǜǦ ǛnjǘǏ ǙǘǕǘǐǏǗǒǏ njǛǜǚǏǡNJǨǜǛǩ ǘǔǚǝǐNJǨǣǒǖǒ ǎǚǝǑǦǩǖǒ ǒ NjǕǒǑǔǒǖǒ ǑNJǡNJǛǜǝǨ ǎǘǛǜNJǜǘǡǗǘ njǚNJǐǎǏNjǗǘ ƹǚǏǎǛǜNJnjǦǜǏ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔNJ ǗǏǘǐǒǎNJǗǗǘ njǥǒǍǚǥnjNJǏǜ ǔǚǝǙǗǝǨ Ǜǝǖǖǝ ǎǏǗǏǍ ƬǛǏ njǘǔǚǝǍ ǜǝǜ ǐǏ ǗNJǡǒǗNJǨǜ ǚNJǛǛǖNJǜǚǒnjNJǜǦ ǛǡNJǛǜǕǒnjǡǒǔNJ ǔNJǔ ǛnjǘǏǍǘ ǎǘǕǐǗǒǔNJ ƸǗǒ ǛǡǒǜNJǨǜ ǡǜǘ ǜNJǔǝǨ ǝǎNJǡǝ ǗǝǐǗǘ «ǘNjǖǥǜǦ} ǜNJǔǒǖ ǘNjǚNJǑǘǖ ǝǓǎǏǜ NjǘǕǦǢNJǩ ǡNJǛǜǦ ǎǏǗǏǍ ƽ ǗǏǍǘ ǗNJǡǒǗNJǨǜ njǥǔǕǩǗǡǒnjNJǜǦ ǙǘǎNJǚǔǒ Ǚǚǘ ǛǒǜǦ ǎǏǗǦǍǒ nj ǎǘǕǍ Ʋ ǜNJǔ NjǝǎǏǜ ǙǚǘǎǘǕǐNJǜǦǛǩ ǎǘ ǜǏǟ Ǚǘǚ ǙǘǔNJ ǚNJnjǗǘ njǏǛǒǏ ǗǏ njǘǛǛǜNJǗǘnjǒǜǛǩ
ƯǛǕǒ ǐǏ «njǥǛǔǘǡǔNJ} ǔ ǜǘǖǝ ǐǏ ǧǗǏǚǍǒǡǏǗ ǒ ǡǏǜǔǘ ǑǗNJǏǜ ǔǝǎNJ ǘǗ ǒǎǏǜ ǜǘ njǛǏǖ njǘǔǚǝǍ ǛǜNJǗǘnjǒǜǛǩ ǩǛǗǘ ǡǜǘ ǘǗ ǝǐǏ ǗǏ ǘǛǜNJǗǘnjǒǜǛǩ ǗNJ ǎǘǛǜǒǍǗǝǜǘǖ ǘǗ ǙǘǓǎǏǜ njǛǏ ǎNJǕǦǢǏ ǒ ǎNJǕǦǢǏ ǘǜǚǥnjNJǩǛǦ ǘǜ ǛnjǘǏǍǘ ǘǔǚǝǐǏǗǒǩ ƹǘǡǏǖǝ ǜNJǔ ǗǏ ǕǨNjǩǜ ǡǝǐǒǟ ǝǛǙǏǟǘnj ƮNJ ǘǡǏǗǦ ǙǚǘǛǜǘ — Ǚǘǜǘǖǝ ǡǜǘ ǗǏǘǐǒǎNJǗǗǥǓ njǑǕǏǜ ǎǚǝǍǘǍǘ ǎNJǏǜ ǙǘǗǩǜǦ njǛǏǖ ǘǔǚǝǐNJǨ ǣǒǖ ǡǜǘ ǝ Ǘǒǟ ǝ njǛǏǟ NjǥǕǒ ǜNJǔǒǏ ǐǏ ǒǕǒ ǙǘǎǘNjǗǥǏ ǢNJǗǛǥ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ Ǚǘ ǡǏǖǝ-ǜǘ Ǘǒǔǜǘ ǒǖǒ ǗǏ njǘǛǙǘǕǦǑǘnjNJǕǛǩ ƷǏ ǟnjNJǜǒǕǘ ǝǖNJ ǛǒǕǥ njǘǕǒ ǡǏǍǘ-ǜǘ ǏǣǏ ƮǘNjǒnjǢǒǓǛǩ ǐǒǑǗǏǗǗǥǟ ǝǛǙǏǟǘnj ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǙǘǎǚǥnjNJǏǜ ǛNJ ǖǘǝnjNJǐǏǗǒǏ ǘǔǚǝǐNJǨǣǒǟ ǒ Njǝǎǒǜ nj ǕǨǎǩǟ ǎǏǖǘǗNJ ǡǏǚǗǘǓ ǑNJnjǒǛǜǒ
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ƹǘǎǤǏǖǝ njnjǏǚǟ Ǚǘ ǛǘǠǒNJǕǦǗǘǓ ǕǏǛǜǗǒǠǏ ǙǚǏǙǩǜǛǜnjǝǏǜ ǘǐǏǛǜǘ ǡǏǗǗǘǏ ǛǘǙǚǘǜǒnjǕǏǗǒǏ ǛǚǏǎǥ ǔNJǔ ǜǘǓ ǔǝǎNJ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǙǘǎǗǒǖNJǏǜǛǩ ǜNJǔ ǒǜǘǓ ǘǜǔǝǎNJǘǗǙǘǎǗǒǖNJǏǜǛǩ ƫǥnjǢNJǩǛǚǏǎNJǒǛǙǘǕǦǑǝǏǜnjǛǏǒǖǏǨǣǒǏǛǩ nj ǏǏ ǚNJǛǙǘǚǩǐǏǗǒǒ ǛǚǏǎǛǜnjNJ ǎNJnjǕǏǗǒǩ ǡǜǘNjǥ ǗǏ ǘǜǙǝǛǜǒǜǦ ǡǜǘNjǥ ǑNJǎǏǚǐNJǜǦ ǚNJǑnjǒǜǒǏ
ƲǗǛǜǒǗǔǜǒnjǗǥǓ ǔǘǗǞǘǚǖǒǑǖ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǓ ǍǕǝNjǘǔǘ ǑNJǕǘǐǏǗ nj ǙǛǒǟǘ ǕǘǍǒǒ NjǏǎǗǥǟ ǙǚǘǩnjǕǩǏǜǛǩ ǒ nj ǛǜǚǏǖǕǏǗǒǒ ǛǘǘǜnjǏǜǛǜnjǘnjNJǜǦ ǗǘǚǖNJǖ ƸǗǒ ǛǘǍǕNJǛǗǥ ǗNJ ǕǨNjǥǏ ǐǏǚǜnjǥ ǡǜǘNjǥ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǒǟ ǗǏ ǛǘǡǕǒ «njǥǛǔǘǡ ǔNJǖǒ} «ǒǗǥǖǒ} LJǜǘ ǜNJNjǝ Ǜ ǍǘǎNJǖǒ ǝǛǒǕǒnjNJǏǜǛǩ ǑNJǟnjNJǜǥnjNJǩ njǛǏ NjǘǕǏǏ ǒ NjǘǕǏǏ ǢǒǚǘǔǒǓ ǔǚǝǍ ǐǒǑǗǏǗǗǥǟ ǩnjǕǏǗǒǓ ǍǎǏ ǝǡǒǜǦǛǩ ǔNJǔǘǓ njǒǎ ǎǏ ǩǜǏǕǦǗǘǛǜǒ ǒǑNjǚNJǜǦ ƭǕNJnjǗǘǏ — NjǥǜǦ ǔNJǔ njǛǏ Ʋ ǛǏǖǦǩ ǜNJǔǐǏ nj NjǘǕǦ ǢǒǗǛǜnjǏ ǛǕǝǡNJǏnj ǙǘǎǎǏǚǐǒnjNJǏǜ ǙǘǎǘNjǗǥǓ ǗNJǛǜǚǘǓ ƴNJǔ ǙǘǔNJǑNJǕǒ ǒǛ ǛǕǏǎǘnjNJǗǒǩ ǐǒǜǏǓǛǔNJǩ ǞǒǕǘǛǘǞǒǩ NjǏǎǗǩǔǘnj ǛnjǘǎǒǜǛǩ ǔ ǜNJǔǒǖ ǝǛǜNJ ǗǘnjǔNJǖ ǕǝǡǢǏǛǒǗǒǠNJnjǚǝǔǏ ǡǏǖǐǝǚNJnjǕǦnjǗǏNjǏ ƬǧǜǘǖǑNJǔǕǨǡNJǏǜǛǩ ǛNJǖǥǓ ǛǒǕǦǗǥǓ ǞNJǔǜǘǚ ǝnjǏǔǘnjǏǡǒnjNJǨǣǒǓ NjǏǎǗǘǛǜǦ mƺǘǐǎǏǗǗǥǓ ǙǘǕǑNJǜǦ ǕǏǜNJǜǦ ǗǏ ǖǘǐǏǜ}
ǁǜǘNjǥ ǛǕǘǖNJǜǦ ǒǗǏǚǠǒǨ ǛǝǎǦNjǥ ǗǝǐǗǘ ǙǚǒǎǝǖNJǜǦ ǔNJǔǘǓ-ǜǘ ǗǏ ǛǜNJǗǎNJǚǜǗǥǓ ǙǕNJǗ njǥNjǚNJǜǦ ǕǒǗǒǨ ǙǘnjǏǎǏǗǒǩ ǔǘǜǘǚNJǩ Njǥ ǚǏǑǔǘ ǘǜ ǕǒǡNJǕNJǛǦǘǜǙǚǒnjǥǡǗǘǓ ƷǝǐǗNJǜnjǘǚǡǏǛǔNJǩǒǗǒǠǒNJǜǒnjNJ ǗǝǐǗǘǛǝǖǏǜǦ ǗǏ ǙǘNjǘǩǜǦǛǩ NjǚǘǛǒǜǦ njǥǑǘnj ǛǝǎǦNjǏ ƫǏǎǗǩǔǒ ǐǏ ǐǒnjǝǜ nj ǛǘǛǜǘǩǗǒǒ ǘǛǘǑǗNJǗǗǘǓ NjǏǛǙǘǖǘǣǗǘǛǜǒ mƷǏ ǖǘǍǝ ǝ ǖǏǗǩ ǗǏ ǙǘǕǝǡǒǜǛǩ} — njǘǜ ǒǟ ǎǏnjǒǑ ƹǚǘǗǒǔNJǩ nj ǛǘǑǗNJǗǒǏ ǙǘǎǘNjǗǥǏ ǖǥǛǕǒ ǕǒǢNJǨǜ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔNJ ǒǗǒ ǠǒNJǜǒnjǥ ǎǏǕNJǨǜ ǏǍǘ ǑNJnjǒǛǒǖǥǖ ǘǜ ǎǚǝǍǒǟ ƹǘǧǜǘǖǝ ǔNJǔ ǙǚNJnjǒǕǘ ǒ ǗǏ ǛǙǘǛǘNjǏǗǚǏNjǏǗǘǔ ǚǘǐǎǏǗǗǥǓnjNjǏǎǗǘǓǛǏǖǦǏ ǛǘǓǜǒǛǙǚǏǎǗNJǡǏǚǜNJǗ ǗǘǓ Ǐǖǝ ǔǘǕǏǒ ƸǗ ǙǘnjǜǘǚǩǏǜ ǐǒǑǗǏǗǗǥǓ ǙǝǜǦ Ǜnjǘǒǟ ǚǘǎǒǜǏǕǏǓ njǘ njǛǏǟ ǖǏǕǘǡNJǟ
ƱNJnjǏǚǢNJǏǜ ǐǏ ǙǛǒǟǘǕǘǍǒǡǏǛǔǒǓ ǙǘǚǜǚǏǜ NjǏǎǗǘǛǜǒ ǘǎǗǘǓ ǏǓ ǛnjǘǓǛǜnjǏǗǗǘǏ ǙǚǏǗǏNjǚǏǐǒǜǏǕǦǗǘǏ ǘǜǗǘǢǏǗǒǏ ǔ ǎǏǗǦǍNJǖ ƹǘǎǘNjǗǘǏ ǘǜǗǘǢǏǗǒǏ ǛǕǝǐǒǜ NjǏǎǗǥǖ ǕǨǎǩǖ ǘǎǗǒǖ ǒǑ ǧǕǏǖǏǗǜǘnj ǙǛǒǟǘǕǘǍǒǡǏǛǔǘǓ ǑNJǣǒǜǥ ǏǛǕǒ ǎǏǗǦǍǒ ǑǕǘ ǜǘ ǑNJǡǏǖ ǗǝǐǗǘ ǗNJǙǚǩǍNJǜǦǛǩ Ʋ ǧǜNJ ǑNJ ǣǒǜNJ ǗǏ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǙǘǖǘǍNJǏǜ ǙǏǚǏǗǘǛǒǜǦ ǛǝǣǏǛǜnjǝǨǣǏǏ ǙǘǕǘǐǏǗǒǏ njǏ ǣǏǓ Ǘǘ ǒ njǘǑǎnjǒǍNJǏǜ ǎǘǙǘǕǗǒǜǏǕǦǗǥǏ ǙǚǏǙǩǜǛǜnjǒǩ ǗNJ Ǚǝǜǒ ǏǏ ǙǚǏ ǘǎǘǕǏǗǒǩ
57
ƻNJǖǘǖǘǜǒnjNJǠǒǩ
ǁǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǜNJǔ ǝǛǜǚǘǏǗ ǡǜǘ ǙǚǏǐǎǏ ǡǏǖ ǒǎǜǒ ǔǝǎNJ-ǜǘ ǘǗ ǘǙǚǏǎǏ ǕǩǏǜ ǟǘǡǏǜ ǘǗ ǒǎǜǒ ǜǝǎNJ ǒǕǒ ǗǏǜ ƮǘǙǝǛǜǒǖ ǩ ǜǏǚǙǏǜǦ ǗǏ ǖǘǍǝ ǞǝǜNjǘǕ ǚǘǔ Ʋ ǘǡǏǗǦ ǕǨNjǕǨ NjǏǍNJ ǘǚǍNJǗǗǝǨ ǖǝǑǥǔǝ Ǡǒǚǔ ǒ ǔǘǗǔǝǚ ƶǗǏ ǙǚǏǎ ǕNJǍNJǨǜ NjǒǕǏǜǥ ǗNJ njǥNjǘǚ ƴNJǔ njǥ ǎǝǖNJǏǜǏ ǡǜǘ ǩ njǥNjǏǚǝ ƹǚNJnjǒǕǦǗǘ ǡǜǘ-ǜǘ ǒǑ njǜǘǚǘǍǘ ǛǙǒǛǔNJ nj ǑNJnjǒǛǒǖǘǛǜǒ ǘǜ ǗNJǛǜǚǘǏǗǒǩ njǚǏǖǏǗǒ ǍǘǎNJ ǙǘǍǘǎǥ ǛǒǎǏǜǦ ǗNJ ǛǜNJǎǒǘǗǏ Ǚǘǎ ǎǘǐǎǏǖ ǗǏ ǘǡǏǗǦ-ǜǘ ǙǚǒǩǜǗǘǏ ǑNJǗǩ ǜǒǏ ƸǛǗǘnjǗǘǏ ǡǜǘ ǎnjǒǍNJǏǜ njǙǏǚǏǎ ǕǨNjǘǍǘ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔNJ — ǧǜǘ ǏǍǘ ǐǏǕNJ ǗǒǏ ǏǍǘ ǙǚǏǎǙǘǡǜǏǗǒǩ ǏǍǘ ǑNJǒǗǜǏǚǏǛǘnjNJǗǗǘǛǜǦ ǏǍǘ ǒǗǜǏǚǏǛǥ ƲǗǜǏ ǚǏǛǥ njǘǘNjǣǏ ǩnjǕǩǨǜǛǩ ǜǘǓ NjNJǑǘǓ ǗNJ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǟ ǛǜǚǘǒǜǛǩ NjǝǔnjNJǕǦǗǘ njǛǩ ǐǒǑǗǦ ƯǛǕǒ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǡǜǘ-ǜǘ ǎǏǕNJǏǜ ǜǘ ǧǜǘ ǑǗNJǡǒǜ ǡǜǘ ǧǜǘ ǝǎǘnjǕǏǜnjǘ ǚǩǏǜ ǔNJǔǝǨ-ǜǘ ǏǍǘ ǙǝǛǜǦ ǎNJǐǏ ǗǏ njǛǏǍǎNJ ǘǛǘǑǗNJǗǗǝǨ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǦ ƮNJ njNJǓǜǏ ǑNJǙǘǖǗǒǖ ǧǜǘ ǙǚNJnjǒǕǘ ƹǘǜǘǖǝ ǡǜǘ Ǚǘ-ǎǚǝǍǘǖǝ ǗǏ NjǥnjNJǏǜ
ƪ NjǘǕǏǑǗǦ — ǛǔNJǐǏǜǏ njǥ ƴNJǔǘǓ ǜǝǜ ǖǘǐǏǜ NjǥǜǦ ǒǗǜǏǚǏǛ ǔNJǔNJǩ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǦ ƪ ǑǎǏǛǦ njǛǏ ǎǏǕǘ njǘ njǜǘǚǒǡǗǘǓ njǥǍǘǎǏ ǔǘǜǘǚNJǩ Ǜǜǘǒǜ ǑNJ njǛǏǖ ǧǜǒǖ ƮNJnjNJǓǜǏ njǛǙǘǖǗǒǖ ǡǜǘ ǙǚǘǒǛǟǘǎǒǜ Ǜ ǗNJǢǒǖǒ NjǕǒǑǔǒǖǒ ǔǘǍǎNJ ǖǥ ǑNJNjǘǕǏnjNJǏǖ ƸǗǒ ǗNJǡǒǗNJǨǜ ǗǘǛǒǜǦǛǩ njǘǔǚǝǍ ǗNJǛ ǙǚǏǎǕNJǍNJǜǦ njǛǏ ǛNJǖǘǏ njǔǝǛǗǘǏ ǛǖǘǜǚǏǜǦ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǜǏ ǙǚǘǍǚNJǖǖǥ Ǚǘ ǜǏǕǏnjǒǑǘǚǝ ǒǕǒ njǒǎǏǔǝ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǏ ǟǘǜǒǖ ǖǥ ƬǛǏ njǗǒǖNJǗǒǏ — ǗNJǖ ǕǨNjǒǖǥǖ ƪ njǘǑ ǖǘǐǗǘ njǗǒǖNJǗǒǏ ǑNJNjǘǜNJ ǕǨNjǘnjǦ — ǧǜǘ ǔNJǔ ǚNJǑ ǜǘ ǛNJǖǘǏ ǡǜǘ ǡǏǕǘ njǏǔǝ ǗNJ ǛNJǖǘǖ ǎǏǕǏ nj ǎNJǗǗǥǓ ǖǘǖǏǗǜ ǒ ǗǏ ǟnjNJǜNJǏǜ ǧǜǘ ǜǘ nj ǡǏǖ ǘǗ ǛǏǓǡNJǛ ǘǛǘNjǏǗǗǘ ǗǝǐǎNJǏǜǛǩ ƸǛǘNjǏǗǗǘ ǡNJǛǜǘ ǧǜǘ ǙǚǘǒǛǟǘǎǒǜ Ǜǘ ǛǜNJǚǒ ǔNJǖǒ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǖ ǗǏ ǟnjNJǜNJǏǜ nj ǐǒǑǗǒ ǕǨNjnjǒ ǒ njǗǒǖNJǗǒǩ ǒǟ NjǕǒǑǔǒǟ ƸǗǒ ǑNJNjǘǕǏnjNJǨǜ ƹǚǒǡǏǖ ǙǚǘǒǛǟǘǎǒǜ ǧǜǘ Ǚǘ-ǗNJǛǜǘǩǣǏǖǝ LJǜǘ ǗǏ ǒǍǚNJ ƪ njǏǎǦ ǗǝǐǗǘ-ǜǘ ǒǖ ǗǏ ǜNJǔ ǖǗǘǍǘ ǕǨNjǘnjǦ ǒǟ NjǕǒǑǔǒǟ
ƻǕǏǎǘnjNJǜǏǕǦǗǘ ǎǏǕNJǏǖ njǥnjǘǎ nj ǘǛǗǘnjǏ ǗNJǢǏǍǘ ǙǘnjǏǎǏǗǒǩ ǕǏ ǐNJǜ ǗNJǢǒ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǁǜǘ ǜNJǔǘǏ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǦ ƹǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǦ — ǧǜǘ ǒǛǙǥǜǥnjNJǏǖNJǩǡǏǕǘnjǏǔǘǖǗǝǐǎNJnjǡǏǖ-ǜǘ ƹǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒǏǛǜǦǝǔNJǐǎǘǍǘ ǐǒnjǘǍǘ ǘǚǍNJǗǒǑǖNJ Ʒǘ ǏǛǕǒ ǝ ǐǒnjǘǜǗǥǟ ǧǜǘ ǎǘǛǜNJǜǘǡǗǘ ǛǜNJNjǒǕǦǗǥǏ NjǒǘǕǘǍǒǡǏǛǔǒǏ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǜǘ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔNJ ǖǏǗǩǨǜǛǩ nj ǜǏ
ǡǏǗǒǏ njǛǏǓ ǏǍǘ ǐǒǑǗǒ ƻ ǔNJǐǎǥǖ Ǎǘǎǘǖ ǗNJǖ ǛǘǑǎNJǨǜǛǩ njǛǏ ǗǘnjǥǏ ǒ Ǘǘ njǥǏ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǟ ǗǏ NjǥǕǘ ǗNJǙǚǒǖǏǚ nj XVIII–XIX njǏǔNJǟ ƶǥ
ǙǚǒnjǥǔǕǒ ǔ ǔǘǖǞǘǚǜǝ ǙǚǒnjǥǔǕǒ ǔ ǜǏǟǗǒǔǏ ǔǘǜǘǚNJǩ ǗNJǛ ǘǔǚǝǐNJǏǜ ǒ ǔǘǜǘǚNJǩ ǘNjǕǏǍǡNJǏǜ ǗNJǖ njǏǎǏǗǒǏ ǎǘǖNJǢǗǏǍǘ ǟǘǑǩǓǛǜnjNJ ǖǒǔǛǏǚǥ Ǜǜǒ ǚNJǕǦǗǥǏ ǒ ǙǘǛǝǎǘǖǘǏǡǗǥǏ ǖNJǢǒǗǥ ǙǥǕǏǛǘǛǥ ǒ Ǚǚ njǘǑǖǘǐǗǘǛǜǦ ǙǏǚǏǎnjǒǐǏǗǒǩ ǖNJǢǒǗǥ ǛNJǖǘǕǏǜǥ ǙǘǏǑǎNJ ǘNjǣǏǗǒǩ ǜǏǕǏǞǘǗ ǜǏǕǏ ǍǚNJǞ ǞNJǔǛ ǒǗǜǏǚǗǏǜ ǒ Ǚǚ ǁǜǘ ǐǏ ǘǜǕǒǡNJǏǜ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ
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1.ƴǘǗǔǚǏǜǗǘǛǜǦ LJǜǘ ǕǒNjǘ ǔNJǔǘǓ-ǜǘ ǙǚǏǎǖǏǜ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǖ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǟǘǡǏǜ ǘNjǕNJǎNJǜǦ ǕǒNjǘ ǘǙǚǏǎǏǕǏǗǗǥǓ njǒǎ ǎǏǩǜǏǕǦǗǘǛǜǒ ǔǘǜǘ ǚǥǓ ǗǚNJnjǒǜǛǩ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǓ ǎǘǛǜNJnjǕǩǏǜ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔǝ ǝǎǘnjǘǕǦǛǜnjǒǏǘǙǚǏǎǏǕǏǗǗNJǩ ǚNJNjǘǜNJ ǒǕǒ ǒǍǚNJ nj ǜǏǗǗǒǛ ǙǕNJnjNJǗǦǏ NjǏǍ ǒ Ǚǚ
2.ƫǘǕǏǏ ǒǕǒ ǖǏǗǏǏ ǩǛǗǘǏ ǙǘǗǒǖNJǗǒǏ ǛǝǣǏǛǜnjǘnjNJǗǒǩ ǎNJǗǗǘǓ Ǚǘ ǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǛǘǙǚǘnjǘǐǎNJǏǖǘǏ ǘǙǚǏǎǏǕǏǗǗǥǖǒ ǧǖǘǠǒǩǖǒ ƼNJǔ
ǏǛǕǒ ǖǥ ǙǘǕǝǡNJǏǖ ǙǚǏǎǖǏǜ Ǜnjǘǒǟ ǐǏǕNJǗǒǓ ǖǥ ǛǡNJǛǜǕǒnjǥ ǏǛǕǒ ǐǏ ǧǜǘ ǙǘǡǏǖǝ-ǜǘ ǗǏ ǙǘǕǝǡNJǏǜǛǩ ǖǥ ǗNJǡǒǗNJǏǖ ǙǏǚǏǐǒ
njNJǜǦ ǝ ǗNJǛ ǙǘǚǜǒǜǛǩ ǗNJǛǜǚǘǏǗǒǏ ǔNJǔ ǐǏ ǖǥ ǜNJǔ ǟǘǜǒǖ ǧǜǘ ǒǖǏǜǦ NJ ǗNJǖ ǗǏ ǎNJǨǜ
3.ƮǕǩ ǙǘǕǝǡǏǗǒǩ ǐǏǕNJǏǖǘǍǘ ǚǏǑǝǕǦǜNJǜNJ ǒǕǒ ǙǚǏǎǖǏǜNJ ǖǥ ǗNJǡǒ ǗNJǏǖ ǡǜǘ-ǜǘ ǎǏǕNJǜǦ ǢǏnjǏǕǒǜǦǛǩ ǒǎǜǒ nj ǗǝǐǗǘǖ ǗNJǙǚNJnjǕǏǗǒǒ
ƴǘǚǘǡǏ ǗNJǡǒǗNJǏǖ ǎǏǓǛǜnjǘnjNJǜǦ Ǜ ǠǏǕǦǨ ǝǎǘnjǕǏǜnjǘǚǒǜǦ ǛnjǘǏ ǐǏǕNJǗǒǏ ǙǘǕǝǡǒǜǦ njǘǐǎǏǕǏǗǗǝǨ njǏǣǦ ǒǕǒ ǎǘǕǐǗǘǛǜǦ
4.ƹǘǛǕǏ ǜǘǍǘ ǔNJǔ ǒǖǏǨǣNJǩǛǩ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǦ NjǝǎǏǜ ǝǎǘnjǕǏǜnjǘǚǏǗNJ
ǧǜǒ ǛǘǛǜǘǩǗǒǩ ǒǛǡǏǑNJǨǜ ƲǗǘǍǎNJ ǘǗǒ ǖǘǍǝǜ ǙǚǏnjǚNJǜǒǜǦǛǩ ǎNJǐǏ nj ǛnjǘǨ ǙǚǘǜǒnjǘǙǘǕǘǐǗǘǛǜǦ — ǘǜnjǚNJǣǏǗǒǏ ƼNJǔ ǏǛǕǒ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ
ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǡǜǘ ǙǘǏǕ njǒǎ Ǚǒǣǒ ǝ ǗǏǍǘ ǖǘǐǏǜ njǥǑǥnjNJǜǦ ǗǏǍNJǜǒnjǗǥǏ
ǘǣǝǣǏǗǒǩ ƲǕǒ njǥ ǜǘǕǦǔǘ ǡǜǘ ǔǝǙǒǕǒ ǗǘnjǥǓ ǜǏǕǏnjǒǑǘǚ ƷNJ ǔNJ ǔǘǏ-ǜǘ njǚǏǖǩ ǙǘǔNJ ǘǗ ǗǏ njǥǓǎǏǜ ǒǑ Ǜǜǚǘǩ ǒǕǒ ǙǘǔNJ ǧǜNJ ǖǘǎǏǕǦ
ǖǘǚNJǕǦǗǘ ǗǏ ǝǛǜNJǚǏǏǜ njǥ ǛnjǘǨ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǦ ǝǎǘnjǕǏǜnjǘǚǒǕǒ ǘǗNJǘǜǘǢǕNJǗNJǑNJǎǗǒǓǙǕNJǗ ǒǗǏǖǏǢNJǏǜnjNJǖǐǒǜǦ ƷNJ ǏǏǖǏǛǜǘ njǥǛǜǝǙNJǨǜ ǎǚǝǍǒǏ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǗNJǙǚǒǖǏǚ ǙǘǏǟNJǜǦ ǕǏǜǘǖ ǘǜ ǎǘǟǗǝǜǦ ǗNJ ƴNJǗNJǚǥ ǒǕǒ ǜǏǙǏǚǦ njǥ ǟǘǜǒǜǏ ǔǝǙǒǜǦ ǗǘnjǝǨ Ǜǜǒ ǚNJǕǦǗǝǨ ǖNJǢǒǗǝ
5.ƹǘnjǜǘǚǗǘǏ njǘǑǗǒǔǗǘnjǏǗǒǏ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǔǘǍǎNJ ǗǝǐǎNJ ǕǏǐNJ ǣNJǩ nj ǏǏ ǘǛǗǘnjǏ ǛǗǘnjNJ ǎNJǛǜ ǘ ǛǏNjǏ ǑǗNJǜǦ ƼNJǔ ǎNJǐǏ ǏǛǕǒ njǥ ǝǜǚǘǖ ǟǘǚǘǢǘ ǒ ǙǕǘǜǗǘ ǙǘǏǕǒ ǔ njǏǡǏǚǝ ǍǘǕǘǎ ǛǗǘnjNJ ǗNJǙǘǖǗǒǜ
ǘ ǜǘǖ ǡǜǘ ǗǏ ǖǏǢNJǕǘ Njǥ ǙǘǎǔǚǏǙǒǜǦǛǩ ƲǕǒ ǝ njNJǛ ǕǏǜǘǖ ǛǕǘ ǖNJǕǛǩǟǘǕǘǎǒǕǦǗǒǔ— njǘǜǝǐNJǛ-ǜǘ ƻǚNJǑǝǐǏnjǘǑǗǒǔNJǏǜǙǘǜǚǏNj
ǗǘǛǜǦ ǕǒNjǘ ǏǍǘ ǘǜǚǏǖǘǗǜǒǚǘnjNJǜǦ ǕǒNjǘ ǔǝǙǒǜǦ ǗǘnjǥǓ ƹǘǜǘǖǝ ǡǜǘ NjǏǑ ǟǘǕǘǎǒǕǦǗǒǔNJ ǎNJ ǏǣǏ ǕǏǜǘǖ ǐǒǜǦ ǙǚNJǔǜǒǡǏǛǔǒ ǗǏǖǥǛ Ǖǒǖǘ Ʋ ǔNJǔ ǧǜǘ ǚNJǗǦǢǏ ǘNjǟǘǎǒǕǒǛǦ ǙǘǍǚǏNjNJǖǒ
6.ƻnjǘǒ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǖǘǐǏǜ ǔNJǔ ǘǛǘǑǗNJnjNJǜǦ ǜNJǔ ǒ ǗǏ ǘǛǘ ǑǗNJnjNJǜǦ
ƴNJǔ njǥ ǝǐǏ ǙǘǗǩǕǒ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǖǘǐǗǘ ǚNJǑǎǏǕǒǜǦ ǗNJ ǖNJǜǏǚǒ NJǕǦǗǥǏ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ nj ǙǒǣǏ ǘǎǏǐǎǏ ǐǒǕǒǣǏ ǜǏǙǕǏ ǒ Ǚǚ ǎǝǟǘnjǗǥǏ
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ǧǜǘ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǦ nj ǘNjǣǏǗǒǒ Ǜ ǎǚǝǍǒǖǒ ǕǨǎǦǖǒ ǙǚǒǘNjǚǏǜǏǗǒǒ ǑǗNJ ǗǒǓ ǒǑǝǡǏǗǒǒ ǗNJǝǔ ǒ ǒǛǔǝǛǛǜnj ǜnjǘǚǡǏǛǜnjǏ ǒ ǛǘǠǒNJǕǦǗǥǏ ǜǏ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǏ ǛnjǩǑNJǗǥ Ǜ ǚNJǛǙǚǏǎǏǕǏǗǒǏǖ ǚǘǕǏǓ nj ǘNjǣǏǛǜnjǏ ƷNJǙǚǒǖǏǚ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǟǘ ǡǏǜ NjǥǜǦ ǗNJǡNJǕǦǗǒǔǘǖ ǒǕǒ ǔNJǔ ǍǘnjǘǚǒǕ ǍǏǚǘǓ ǛǏǚǒNJǕNJ mǃǒǜ ǒ ǖǏǡ} ƳǘǍNJǗƬNJǓǛ: mljǟǘǡǝ ǡǜǘNjǥǖǗǏǖǘǍǕǘǙǚǒǔNJǑǥnjNJǜǦǔNJǔǖǘǐǗǘǖǏǗǦǢǏ ǕǨǎǏǓ ǜǘǍǎNJǔNJǔǩǖǘǍNjǥǙǚǒǔNJǑǥnjNJǜǦnjǘǑǖǘǐǗǘNjǘǕǦǢǏǖǝǔǘǕǒǡǏǛǜnjǝ ǕǨǎǏǓ} .
ƴNJǔ njǒǎǒǜǏ nj ǘǛǗǘnjǏ njǛǏǓ ǗNJǢǏǓ ǐǒǑǗǒ nj ǘǛǗǘnjǏ ǗNJǢǏǍǘ ǎnjǒ ǐǏǗǒǩ njǙǏǚǏǎ ǕǏǐNJǜ ǜǏ ǒǕǒ ǒǗǥǏ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ƷǏǜ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ — ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ Ǜǜǘǒǜ ǗNJ ǖǏǛǜǏ ƯǛǜǦ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǦ — ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǗNJǡǒǗNJǏǜ ǎnjǒ ǍNJǜǦǛǩ nj ǗNJǙǚNJnjǕǏǗǒǒ ǝǎǘnjǕǏǜnjǘǚǏǗǒǩ ǎNJǗǗǘǓ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ƸǎǗǘ njǚǏǖǏǗǗǘ nj ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔǏ ǖǘǍǝǜ ǛǘǛǝǣǏǛǜnjǘnjNJǜǦ ǖǗǘǐǏǛǜnjǘ ǛǘnjǏǚǢǏǗǗǘ ǚNJǑǗǥǟ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǏǓ ƼNJǔ ǗNJǙǚǒǖǏǚ ǡǏǕǘnjǏǔ ǖǘǐǏǜ ǘǎǗǘnjǚǏǖǏǗǗǘ ǟǘǜǏǜǦ ǑNJǣǒǜǒǜǦ ǎǒǛǛǏǚǜNJǠǒǨ ǛǤǏǑǎǒǜǦ ǘǜǎǘǟǗǝǜǦ ǙǘǖǏǗǩǜǦ ǖǏ NjǏǕǦ ǗNJ ǔǝǟǗǏ ǛǎǏǕNJǜǦ nj ǔnjNJǚǜǒǚǏ ǚǏǖǘǗǜ ǔǝǙǒǜǦ ǎǘǖǒǔ nj ǎǏǚǏnjǗǏ LJǜǘǜ ǛǙǒǛǘǔ ǖǘǐǗǘ ǙǚǘǎǘǕǐNJǜǦ ǒ ǙǚǘǎǘǕǐNJǜǦ Ʋ njǛǏ ǧǜǒ ǙǘǜǚǏNjǗǘǛǜǒ ǜǩǗǝǜ ǏǍǘ nj ǚNJǑǗǥǏ ǛǜǘǚǘǗǥ ǁǜǘ ǙǘǕǝǡNJǏǜǛǩ ƵǏNjǏǎǦ ǚNJǔ ǒ ǣǝǔNJ ƪ mǔǘǍǎNJ nj ǜǘnjNJǚǒǣNJǟ ǛǘǍǕNJǛǦǩ ǗǏǜ ǗNJ ǕNJǎ ǒǟ ǎǏǕǘ ǗǏ ǙǘǓǎǏǜ} Ƭǘǜ ǝǐ ǡǜǘ njǏǚǗǘ ǜǘ njǏǚǗǘ ǁǜǘ ǐǏ ǎǏǕNJǜǦ ƴNJǔ njǛǏǍǎNJ ǛǗNJǡNJǕNJ ǚNJǑNjǒǚNJǏǖǛǩ ǛNJǖǒ Ǜ ǛǘNjǘǓ
ƫǏǚǏǖ ǚǝǡǔǝ ǒ ǕǒǛǜ NjǝǖNJǍǒ ǒ njǥǙǒǛǥnjNJǏǖ ǗNJ ǗǏǖ njǛǏ ǡǜǘ njǥ ǟǘ ǜǒǜǏ ƬǛǏ Ǜnjǘǒ ǐǏǕNJǗǒǩ ƻǜNJǚNJǓǜǏǛǦ ǛǏNjǩ Ǘǒ nj ǡǏǖ ǗǏ ǘǍǚNJǗǒǡǒnjNJǜǦ ǙǒǢǒǜǏ ǎNJǐǏ ǛNJǖǥǏ ǙǘǜNJǏǗǗǥǏ ǐǏǕNJǗǒǩ ƬǛǏ ǚNJnjǗǘ ǧǜǘǜ ǕǒǛǜǘǔ Ǘǒ ǔǜǘ ǔǚǘǖǏ njNJǛ ǗǏ ǝnjǒǎǒǜ Ʋ ǗǏ ǛǜǏǛǗǩǓǜǏǛǦ ǗǏ ǎǝǖNJǓǜǏ ǡǜǘ njǥ ǖǘ ǐǏǜǏ ǗNJ ǛǏǍǘǎǗǩǢǗǒǓ ǎǏǗǦ ǙǒǢǒǜǏ ǘ ǜǘǖ ǡǜǘ njNJǖ ǎǏǓǛǜnjǒǜǏǕǦǗǘ ǟǘ ǡǏǜǛǩ Ʒǘ ǒǖǏǗǗǘ njNJǖ NJ ǗǏ ǚǘǎǗǥǖ ǒ NjǕǒǑǔǒǖ ƽ Ǘǒǟ Ǜnjǘǒ ǐǏǕNJǗǒǩ ǝ njNJǛ Ǜnjǘǒ ƷǏ NjǝǎǏǖ ǙǝǜNJǜǦ NjǘǐǒǓ ǎNJǚ Ǜ ǩǒǡǗǒǠǏǓ ƹǘǛǜNJǚNJǓǜǏǛǦ njǥǙǘǕ ǗǒǜǦ ǧǜǘ ǑNJǎNJǗǒǏ ǗǏ ǜǘǚǘǙǩǛǦ ƿǘǚǘǢǘ Njǥ ǎNJǐǏ ǙǘnjǜǘǚǒǜǦ ǏǍǘ Ǜ ǒǗ ǜǏǚnjNJǕǘǖ nj ǗǏǎǏǕǨ ǁǜǘNjǥ mǘǜǎǏǕǒǜǦ ǑǏǚǗNJ ǘǜ ǙǕǏnjǏǕ} njǥǩǛǗǒǜǦ ǡǜǘ ǒǖǏǗǗǘ ǎǕǩ njNJǛ Ǚǘ ǗNJǛǜǘǩǣǏǖǝ njNJǐǗǘ ƴNJǔ ǧǜǘ ǛǎǏǕNJǜǦ" ƱNJ ǗǏǎǏǕǨ njǥ ǝǐǏ ǑNJNjǝǎǏǜǏ njǛǏ ǡǜǘ ǙǒǛNJǕǒ nj ǙǚǘǢǕǥǓ ǚNJǑ njNJǖ ǛǗǘnjNJ ǙǚǒǎǏǜǛǩ ǘNjǚNJǜǒǜǦǛǩ ǔ ǛNJǖǘǖǝ ǛǏNjǏ ǑNJ ǘǜnjǏǜǘǖ ǡǜǘ ǐǏ ǩ ǟǘǡǝ ƬǛǏ ǙǘnjǜǘǚǩǨ ǣǒǏǛǩ ǘǜnjǏǜǥ ǛǘǘǜnjǏǜǛǜnjǝǨǜ njNJǢǒǖ ǒǛǜǒǗǗǥǖ ǐǏǕNJǗǒǩǖ ƪ ǘ ǡǏǖ ǜǘ njǥ ǖǘǐǏǜǏ ǙǚǘǛǜǘ ǑNJNjǥǜǦ ǒ ǗǏ ǗNJǙǒǛNJǜǦ ƱǗNJǡǒǜ ǧǜǘ ǎǕǩ njNJǛ Ǜǘnj ǛǏǖ ǗǏ ǜNJǔ ǝǐ ǒ njNJǐǗǘ LJǜǘ ǖǘǐǗǘ njǥǡǏǚǔǗǝǜǦ
ƻǕǏǎǝǨǣǒǓ ǧǜNJǙ ǛǍǚǝǙǙǒǚǘnjNJǜǦ njǛǏ ǙǘǎǘNjǗǥǏ ǐǏǕNJǗǒǩ ǔǘǜǘǚǥǏ Njǝǎǝǜ ǙǚǘǎnjǒǍNJǜǦ njNJǛ nj ǘǎǗǘǖ ǗNJǙǚNJnjǕǏǗǒǒ ƼǏǙǏǚǦ ǙǚǘǚNJǗǐǒǚǝǓǜǏ ǒǟ
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