5. Translate the following word-combinations into Ukrainian.

a) to discuss reactions, to light a match, to agitate the molecules, to combine with oxygen, to be composed of atoms, to break into fragments, to control the rate, to use catalysts, to increase the velocity;

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b) it is generally known, it is very important, it is greatly accelerated, it is easily combined, it is hardly probable, it is entirely stopped;

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c) the temperature is increased, the reaction is started, the match is lighted, the velocity is slowed down, the rate is controlled, the change is accelerated.

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Черкаський політехнічний технікум

Тексти та завдання для ІІІ курсу спеціальності ЕА

Підготувала викладач Кудрява О.В.

Text e solenoids and relays application

The mechanical aspects of solenoids and relays largely determine how they're used. Solenoids are must often found in starter systems. On GM starters, for instance, there’s a large solenoid on top of the starter motor. It moves the starter-drive mechanism into engagement when the starter is actuated.

In Ford starter systems, the solenoid is mounted to the inner fender or firewall. It serves as an electrical switch between the battery and the starter motor. When the ignition is turned to the START position, a small current energizes the solenoid coil. This pulls the movable core, which in turn operates the heavy-duty switch controlling starter-motor current.

In both starter-system examples, a solenoid is used because the application calls for a large amount of motion and a large amount of force. Solenoids are excellent for this purpose.

Relays, on the other hand, are usually used in more precise applications. The motion of the movable armature can be made to operate delicate devices, such a set of electrical contacts. Relays are often used to control secondary electrical circuits.

For instance, you’re installing a high-power driving lamp, and you want it to come on with the headlamp high beams only. But you feel the headlamp circuit in your car won’t carry much more additional amperage. The answer is a relay. Wire it so the coil is energized by the car’s high-beam circuit. The coil won't draw much current, so the amperage of the headlamp circuit isn’t increased much. Run a feed wire from the battery to one of the relay's armature terminals, then wire the driving-lamp switch and lamp to the other armature terminal. To protect this circuit wire in a fusible link or in-line fuse. The relay manufacturer provides the hookup instructions.

Here’s how your new circuit will work: if you turn on the driving-lamp switch, nothing happens. Why? With the high beams off, the relay coil is relaxed, so the armature passes no current and the driving lamp stays off. But when the high beams are turned on, the relay coil is energized, allowing the armature to conduct battery voltage directly to the driving lamp. The tamp lights without drawing excess current from the headlamp circuit. An added benefit of this setup is that most states require the driving lamp to turn off when the headlamps are dimmed. The relay insures that you'll never forget.