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10.Substitute English words for the Russian ones:

  1. The pharmaceutical company decided закрыть its London branch.

  2. At that moment the drug-store was пустая.

  3. The patient was very exhausted (истощен) and could not двигать a finger.

  4. Большинство оf doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.

  5. The child took no питание all day.

  6. Cigarette smoking is the единственная most important cause of lung cancer.

  7. Bodily отходы is excreted in the form of faeces and urine.

  8. The клапаны of the heart and blood сосуды allow the blood проходить in one направление only.

11.Answer the question what is… using the given definitions:

What is

duct; direction; majority; particle; stream; waste; valve

  1. A doorlike part of a tube which opens and shuts so as to control the flow of air, gas, liquid. etc.

  2. A natural flow of something.

  3. A thin, narrow tube in the body.

  4. The larger number or amount (количество), especially people.

  5. Unwanted, used, or damaged (поврежденный) material.

  6. A very small piece.

  7. Control, instruction; position towards which something moves

12. Master the pronunciation and guess the meaning of the following words:

  1. toxin [' ]

  2. mineral [ ]

  3. protein [ ]

  4. contact [

  5. product[ ]

  6. membrane [ ]

  7. metabolism [ ]

  8. lymphocyte [' ]

  9. microbe [ ]

10. micro-organism [ ]

13. Read the text:

The lymphatic system

Part II

The lymphatic system performs several functions in the human body.

The transport of nutrients.

The main function of the lymph is to nourish the human body. The lymph carries nutrients like minerals and proteins to various parts of the body. The majority of the cells in the human body have no contact with the blood and receive their nourishment from the fluid called lymphatic fluid or lymph. This fluid surrounds the cells. The lymph also transports proteins and bigger particles. They are absorbed into the blood stream by the blood vessels. The transport of wastes.

Another important function of the human lymphatic system is to collect all the wastes produced by various cells in the human body, and to send them into the blood stream. Then the body removes waste products via the organs of elimination.

The lymph enters the blood vessels with extremely thin membranes. The valves of these lymph vessels permit the fluid or lymph to move in a single direction. The lymph vessels then flow into the thoracic cavity of the chest and become bigger in size. Here they combine to form the thoracic duct. This thoracic duct empties into the venous system close to the heart. The blood then transfers the toxins created by cellular metabolism to various organs like the lungs, colon, skin, and kidneys for further elimination. The defense against diseases.

The lymphatic system together with white blood cells fights against diseases and other foreign material within the body. Lymphocyte cells catch the disease-producing microbes and micro-organisms in the lymph nodes when the human body is infected.