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6. Yesterday you attended the lecture on building materials. Here are some of the things the professor said to you:

1. All the buildings are intended either for housing or industial purposes.

2. A civil engineer has to consider many factors.

3. Timber was one of the first building materials.

4. Concrete was used in antiquity.

5. Reinforced concrete is hardly 100 years old.

6. Cast-in-place concrete is mixed and placed on the building site.

7. A precast concrete plant consists of two parts.

8. Light weight concrete is being widely used today.

9. Materials influence the schools of architecture.

10. The result of segregation will be a concrete of poor quality.

Later that day you tell a friend of yours what the professor said. Use indirect speech:

1. The professor said that all buildings were intended either for housing or industrial purposes.

2. He said that ...

7. You attended the seminar on building materials. The professor asked you a lot of questions:

1. What are the main types of buildings?

2. When will materials be the most effective?

3. What does the choice of materials depend on?

4. When was Portland cement produced?

5. Are buildings made of stone and brick durable?

6. Does precast concrete plant consist of two or three parts?

7. What country was concrete used in?

8. Does a civil enginner consider many factors choosing building materials?

Now you tell another student what the professor asked? Use indirect speech:

1. He asked us what the main types of buildings were.

2. He asked us ...

V. Talking Assignments

1. Divide the text into logical parts.

2. Express the main idea of each part. Use the following phrases:

– The first (second, third …) part of the text is about …

– It describes (considers, deals with, informs) …

– The author stresses (points out) that …

3. Ask your friend some questions in English about their content. Summarize his/her answers:

– Чому вибір матеріалів дуже важливий при будівництві всіх видів споруд?

– Які будівельні матеріали найбільш поширені сьогодні?

– Який будівельний матеріал був одним з перших?

– Які властивості мають споруди з каменю та цегли?

– Коли з’явився цемент?

– Хто в будівництві використовував бетон?

– Який будівельний матеріал є найважливішим сьогодні та які його властивості?

– Яка різниця між монолітним і збірним бетоном?

– З чого складається завод по виробництву збірного бетону?

– Які переваги елементів із збірного бетону?

4. Describe the procedure of making precast concrete elements. Use the following key words:

precast concrete; to be produced; prefabricated elements; to be made of; dense concrete; lightweight concrete; to consist of; mixing installation; casting yard; to be placed in moulds; high quality; high standard of precision; working conditions; continuous production.

5. Project work. Work in groups of three or four. Discuss and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the most important building materials used nowadays. Use the following phrases:

Opening discussion:

As I see it…

If you ask me…

I’d say that…

I couldn’t agree…

I sometimes think…

Don’t you agree that…

Promoting discussion:

That’s good point…

I see what you mean…but sorry…

Let me explain that…

I’m not sure I quite agree with you here…

That’s just what I was thinking about…

Misunderstanding:

I didn’t quite follow what you are saying…

I don’t quite see what you mean…

Sorry, let me explain what I mean…

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