7. Write questions using the passive:

1. Houses are built of wood, brick, etc. (What ... of?)

2. A lot of houses were built of mud in ancient times. (When?)

3. This structure will be designed carefully. (How?)

4. The walls in the room have been covered with wall-paper. (What … with?)

5. A nail is being driven in through the boards into each joist. (What … through?)

8. Complete the sentences using one of the verbs in the correct passive form:

call	build (2)	finish	stake out
damage	undertake	work out	support
protect

1. The roof of the building … in a storm a few days ago.

2. The details of summer cottages … by architects.

3. This part of the work … usually … by electricians.

4. The sheathing … by the inclined beams.

5. The building … from exposure to the weather by the roof.

6. The steps between two landings … a flight of stairs.

7. In this area several houses are located, that … of light panels.

8. Last week the foundation work … by providing anchoring sills.

9. The foundations … after the building lines … .

V. Talking Assignments

1. Divide the text into logical parts.

2. Express the main idea of each part. Use the following phrases:

– The first (second, third …) part of the text is about …

– It describes (considers, deals with, informs) …

– The author stresses (points out) that …

3. Ask your friend questions in English about their content. Summarize his/her answers:

– Які матеріали використовуються в будівництві сьогодні?

– Які спеціалісти беруть участь у будівництві?

– Що є першим кроком у будівництві?

– Яке призначення фундаменту?

– Як зводяться стіни? Яке їхнє призначення?

– Що є необхідним при будівництві 2х, 3х,…поверхового будинку?

– Коли зводять дах? Яка його функція?

– Чим закінчується будівництво?

4. Say in one or two sentences what the following people do:

1. a foreman; 2. an engineer; 3. a bricklayer; 4. a carpenter; 5. a plasterer; 6. a plumber; 7. a painter; 8. a locksmith; 9. a glass-cutter; 10. a builder; 11. a designer; 12. a roofer; 13. an electrician.

5. Ask your friend if she/he knows the main steps in the construction of a house:

1. What is the construction of a house begun with?

2. When is the foundation built?

3. What takes place when the foundation work is finished?

4. When does the building of the walls begin?

5. When is the lintel inserted in the wall above the opening?

6. How are the storeys separated?

7. What is the purpose of a staircase?

8. What crowns the whole structure?

9. When are connections made?

6. Comment your friend’s answers. Do you agree with him/her or not? If not, say why. Was she/he right? Express your opinion:

– As far as I know … ;

– I must confess … ;

– If I am not mistaken … ;

– Frankly speaking … ;

– I wonder … ;

– I must disappoint you … ;

– I agree with (to) … .

7. Name all parts of a house. Tell your friends about their functions and the materials they are made from:

Example: – A framework is … .

– It carries … .

– … make up a framework..

– … depends upon framework.

(foundation; floors; walls; roofs; doors; windows; staircase).

8. You are on an excursion to the construction site. Ask the foreman about the house is being built. Discuss the building process:

– Який це буде будинок?

– Які будівельні матеріали Ви збираєтеся використовувати?

– Чи була поведена зйомка?

– Чи залежить фундамент від грунту?

– Скільки поверхів (квартир) буде мати майбутній будинок?

– Які новітні технології Ви застосовуєте?

– Яка буде покрівля?

– Яка вартість будівлі?

– Коли будівля буде пущена в експлуатацію?

9. Summarize the foreman’s answers. Present your summaries to the class and choose the summary that is the best.

10. Give a short summary of the text.