- •Е.Н.Бобровская, е.Ю.Вовк, е.Г.Эсаулова
- •Contents Page
- •Grammar in Use 117
- •Verbals (Non-Finite Forms of the English Verbs)
- •In phrases, with one or more accompanying words.
- •The Infinitive
- •2. Introduction
- •3. Forms
- •Bare Infinitive
- •Functions
- •Functions of the infinitive
- •6. Infinitive Constructions
- •6.1. The Objective with the Infinitive Construction
- •6.2. The Subjective Infinitive Construction
- •Grammar practice
- •5. A) Use the infinitive in the non-perfect form of the active or passive voice.
- •6. Use either of the infinitives in brackets, give two variants where possible and explain the difference.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Insert the particle to where necessary.
- •Grammar in use
- •1. Read the dialogue; find all the bare infinitives and explain their use. Act out the dialogue in class.
- •I’d Rather Pack Now
- •2. Your friend is going away on holiday. Now, she (he) is packing her (his) suitcase. You are trying to help by giving advice.
- •3. Make up dialogues using the given phrases:
- •Read the text; find all the infinitives and state their functions. Retell the passage.
- •Read the story. State the functions of the infinitives. Retell the story using as many infinitives as possible.
- •Read the jokes. Analyze the function of the infinitives in them:
- •9. The Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction.
- •Read the dialogue. Find all the Objective-with-the Infinitive Constructions in it and explain their use. Learn the dialogue and act it out in class. Do the tasks below.
- •Read the story “Shark-eating people” and retell it, using the Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction where possible.
- •Read the story “Sea Saga” and retell it, using the Objective-with-the Infinitive construction where possible:
- •Read the extract about the Bermuda Triangle. Retell it, using the Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction where possible.
- •Read the text. Do the tasks below. A Road Accident
- •Read the following article about Christopher Columbus and list the information about him in your notebook under the two headings below, use the Subjective Infinitive Constructions.
- •Complete the sentences with the For-to-Infinitive Constructions and act out the dialogues.
- •In the Station Buffet
- •Fun with grammar
- •1. Proverbs
- •2. Nursery rhymes and poems.
- •Idealists
- •4. Familiar Quotations
- •5. Funny Stories
- •The Science of Speaking
- •6. Read the jokes. Analyze the function of the infinitives in them:
- •The Gerund
- •7. Introduction
- •8. Forms of the Gerund
- •9. Functions of the Gerund
- •Functions of the gerund
- •10. Gerundial Predicative Constructions
- •11. The Gerund and the Verbal Noun
- •12. The Infinitive and the Gerund
- •Predicative
- •The main thing
- •Part of a predicative
- •Prepositional Object
- •Grammar practice
- •Grammar in use
- •1. Read the story below and find all the gerunds. State their functions.
- •2. Read the following articles and answer the questions below. Nurses can help people give up smoking
- •Cigarettes kill 7 times more than roads major effort urged to stop child smokers
- •Let’s talk
- •1. What’s the problem in Trudy’s family? How common is it?
- •2. Sum up the advice given by the readers. Which of the advice may help, do you think? Which advice would you follow if you had the same problem? What advice would you offer Trudy?
- •Fun with grammar
- •1. Proverbs
- •2. Familiar Quotations
- •3. Limericks
- •4. Nursery Rhymes
- •5. Poems
- •6. Funny Stories No Use Trying
- •Friendly Advice
- •It Speaks for Itself
- •Tiger Hunting
- •A High Price
- •The Participle
- •14. Introduction
- •15. Forms of the Participle
- •An escaped prisoner
- •16. Functions of the participle
- •16.1. Attribute
- •16.2. Adverbial Modifier
- •16.3. Predicative
- •17. Misrelated Participles
- •18. Predicative Constructions with the Participle
- •18.1. The Objective Participial Construction
- •18.2. The Subjective Participial Construction
- •The subjective construction with
- •18.3. The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction
- •18.4. The Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction
- •18.5. Absolute Constructions without a Participle
- •19. The Gerund and the Participle
- •Grammar in use
- •Grammar in use
- •1. Alcohol and you
- •Did you know?
- •Alcohol myths
- •2. A) Read the following news story and answer questions about it.
- •Women in aids frontline Main cause of death for women aged 20-40
- •Fun with grammar
- •1. Proverbs
- •2. Familiar Quotations
- •3. Limericks
- •4. Nursery Rhymes and Poems
- •5. Funny Stories
- •General revision
- •1. Find all the verbals in the following text, state their functions. Going on a Trip
- •2. Put the verbs in brackets into a correct form.
- •5. Use a participle, a gerund, or an infinitive, or a construction instead of the verbs given in brackets; underline them, name the non-finite form used and state its function.
- •6. Put in the correct forms. Tell the story to the class.
- •List of Grammar Books
- •398020 Г.Липецк, ул.Ленина, 42
Read the story “Shark-eating people” and retell it, using the Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction where possible.
Rescued after drifting for 118 days in a rubber raft in the middle of the Pacific, Mr. Maurice Bailey and his wife could not believe their luck. How they stayed alive was a miracle.
Small sharks, about three feet long, kept swimming up and pushing against the raft. His wife pulled them out by their tails and Maurice wrapped a cloth around their heads until they suffocated. Then they ate them.
The Baileys had sailed from Southampton in June 1972 in their 31st yacht bound for New Zealand. One day, halfway between Mexico and the Galapagos Islands, their lunch was scarcely cleared away when the boat was hit by a whale. They watched the water pour into the yacht for an hour before taking to their raft.
They were picked up by a Korean trawler four months later, remarkably fit on a diet of rainwater, raw shark meat, seagulls and the occasional turtle they caught along the way.
You may use the following:
The Baileys’ odyssey made them fight for their lives.
Maurice Bailey considered his luck to be a miracle.
Once he saw his wife pull a small shark out of the water.
He felt his hands tremble.
They watched the water pour into the yacht.
The Baileys did (not) expect anybody to rescue them.
Read the story “Sea Saga” and retell it, using the Objective-with-the Infinitive construction where possible:
… We had enjoyed four months of our cruise on the Southern Cross. It was seven o’clock on a cold and windy morning in February 1963 and we were steaming across the Bay of Biscay en route for Southampton. I ran upstairs to the next deck where I saw the captain in his pyjamas heading for the bridge. Instead of sailing north, the ship was turning slowly around in the direction we had just come from. I was on my way to the dining-room for breakfast but I decided to investigate the situation instead.
The ship was now alive with activity. Alarm bells were ringing and sailors were trying desperately to lower a lifeboat. The boat jammed. They tried another which started to descend but jammed as it was nearing the water. By now hundreds of passengers had crowded onto the decks, like the captain many of them still in their pyjamas.
As I watched, all around me there was a mixture of fear and excitement. I forced my way to the railings to get a better view. A lifeboat had managed to get free and made its way to a figure in the water. The figure was now struggling for its life. The crew was rather slow and the figure drifted away from us faster than they could row. Then with horror I realized who the figure was. I must have stayed on deck for over an hour; I could not move for shock. Suddenly somebody touched me on the shoulder. A calm but firm voice said, “Mr. Booth, we want to ask you one or two questions in connection with the drowning of your cabin mate.”
You may use the following:
Mr. Booth meant the cruise to be…
He heard the captain …
He watched him …
Mr. Booth observed the passengers…
He found the ship turn around.
Mr. Booth felt somebody touch his shoulder.
The captain wanted him to explain…