- •Е.Н.Бобровская, е.Ю.Вовк, е.Г.Эсаулова
- •Contents Page
- •Grammar in Use 117
- •Verbals (Non-Finite Forms of the English Verbs)
- •In phrases, with one or more accompanying words.
- •The Infinitive
- •2. Introduction
- •3. Forms
- •Bare Infinitive
- •Functions
- •Functions of the infinitive
- •6. Infinitive Constructions
- •6.1. The Objective with the Infinitive Construction
- •6.2. The Subjective Infinitive Construction
- •Grammar practice
- •5. A) Use the infinitive in the non-perfect form of the active or passive voice.
- •6. Use either of the infinitives in brackets, give two variants where possible and explain the difference.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Insert the particle to where necessary.
- •Grammar in use
- •1. Read the dialogue; find all the bare infinitives and explain their use. Act out the dialogue in class.
- •I’d Rather Pack Now
- •2. Your friend is going away on holiday. Now, she (he) is packing her (his) suitcase. You are trying to help by giving advice.
- •3. Make up dialogues using the given phrases:
- •Read the text; find all the infinitives and state their functions. Retell the passage.
- •Read the story. State the functions of the infinitives. Retell the story using as many infinitives as possible.
- •Read the jokes. Analyze the function of the infinitives in them:
- •9. The Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction.
- •Read the dialogue. Find all the Objective-with-the Infinitive Constructions in it and explain their use. Learn the dialogue and act it out in class. Do the tasks below.
- •Read the story “Shark-eating people” and retell it, using the Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction where possible.
- •Read the story “Sea Saga” and retell it, using the Objective-with-the Infinitive construction where possible:
- •Read the extract about the Bermuda Triangle. Retell it, using the Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction where possible.
- •Read the text. Do the tasks below. A Road Accident
- •Read the following article about Christopher Columbus and list the information about him in your notebook under the two headings below, use the Subjective Infinitive Constructions.
- •Complete the sentences with the For-to-Infinitive Constructions and act out the dialogues.
- •In the Station Buffet
- •Fun with grammar
- •1. Proverbs
- •2. Nursery rhymes and poems.
- •Idealists
- •4. Familiar Quotations
- •5. Funny Stories
- •The Science of Speaking
- •6. Read the jokes. Analyze the function of the infinitives in them:
- •The Gerund
- •7. Introduction
- •8. Forms of the Gerund
- •9. Functions of the Gerund
- •Functions of the gerund
- •10. Gerundial Predicative Constructions
- •11. The Gerund and the Verbal Noun
- •12. The Infinitive and the Gerund
- •Predicative
- •The main thing
- •Part of a predicative
- •Prepositional Object
- •Grammar practice
- •Grammar in use
- •1. Read the story below and find all the gerunds. State their functions.
- •2. Read the following articles and answer the questions below. Nurses can help people give up smoking
- •Cigarettes kill 7 times more than roads major effort urged to stop child smokers
- •Let’s talk
- •1. What’s the problem in Trudy’s family? How common is it?
- •2. Sum up the advice given by the readers. Which of the advice may help, do you think? Which advice would you follow if you had the same problem? What advice would you offer Trudy?
- •Fun with grammar
- •1. Proverbs
- •2. Familiar Quotations
- •3. Limericks
- •4. Nursery Rhymes
- •5. Poems
- •6. Funny Stories No Use Trying
- •Friendly Advice
- •It Speaks for Itself
- •Tiger Hunting
- •A High Price
- •The Participle
- •14. Introduction
- •15. Forms of the Participle
- •An escaped prisoner
- •16. Functions of the participle
- •16.1. Attribute
- •16.2. Adverbial Modifier
- •16.3. Predicative
- •17. Misrelated Participles
- •18. Predicative Constructions with the Participle
- •18.1. The Objective Participial Construction
- •18.2. The Subjective Participial Construction
- •The subjective construction with
- •18.3. The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction
- •18.4. The Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction
- •18.5. Absolute Constructions without a Participle
- •19. The Gerund and the Participle
- •Grammar in use
- •Grammar in use
- •1. Alcohol and you
- •Did you know?
- •Alcohol myths
- •2. A) Read the following news story and answer questions about it.
- •Women in aids frontline Main cause of death for women aged 20-40
- •Fun with grammar
- •1. Proverbs
- •2. Familiar Quotations
- •3. Limericks
- •4. Nursery Rhymes and Poems
- •5. Funny Stories
- •General revision
- •1. Find all the verbals in the following text, state their functions. Going on a Trip
- •2. Put the verbs in brackets into a correct form.
- •5. Use a participle, a gerund, or an infinitive, or a construction instead of the verbs given in brackets; underline them, name the non-finite form used and state its function.
- •6. Put in the correct forms. Tell the story to the class.
- •List of Grammar Books
- •398020 Г.Липецк, ул.Ленина, 42
9. The Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction.
a) Ask your sister (brother, son, friend, etc.) to do something for you and keep the conversation doing.
- Look, I’d like you to do something for me.
help me.
give me a hand.
do me a favour.
do me a good turn.
Yes, certainly. (Of course. Most willingly. With pleasure.)
What is it?
I want you to … (give me a lift to the station.
see me home.
let me know when Nick shows up.)
All right. …
Thank you.
b) You ask your wife (husband, room-mate, etc.) to do something for you, but he/she refuses saying he/she is busy. You feel hurt.
I say, I’d like you to do something for me.
Oh, what is it?
I want you to … (help me pack, etc.)
But I’m busy. I’m … (doing my homework). Do you expect me to… (stop in the middle of what I’m writing)?
Oh, well, I can’t make you help me if you don’t want to, but I’ve never known you take so much interest in… (your homework).
…
Complete the dialogue.
Read the dialogue. Find all the Objective-with-the Infinitive Constructions in it and explain their use. Learn the dialogue and act it out in class. Do the tasks below.
AT THE POLICE STATION
Police sergeant: Please, tell us exactly what happened.
Bus Driver: Well you see, I was driving along the High Street at a normal speed, about 20 miles an hour it was, when suddenly I saw this woman appear in front of me, in the middle of the road.
P.S.: Didn’t you see her start to cross over?
Driver: No, and in any case there was a zebra crossing just a few yards along and I was keeping my eye on that. I saw her quite suddenly and heard her scream at the same time.
P.S.: When did you start to brake?
Driver: Well, it all seemed to happen at once. I suppose I must have braked as soon as I touched her, or perhaps even a split second earlier.
Jane: It was lucky she was thrown clear, or you couldn’t have avoided running over her.
P.S.: Now, Miss, perhaps you’ll tell us exactly what you saw? Where were you sitting?
Jane: I was sitting by the right-hand window, just behind the driver. I happened to be watching the other side of the road, because we were passing a cinema and I wanted to see what was on.
P.S.: Where was the woman then?
Jane: I noticed her standing on the pavement and then I saw her start to run across the road. She was waving to someone on the other side.
P.S.: Did she look round at all?
Jane: No, I’m quite sure of that. She simply didn’t pay attention to the traffic. I saw a car driver lean out and shout at her, but she didn’t notice.
P.S.: Did you actually see the bus hit her?
Jane: No, she was hidden from view by that time. In any case, it all happened so quickly. But I’m almost sure I felt the bus brake before I heard her scream.
Driver: I don’t see how I could have done anything about it, sergeant. She just didn’t look where she was going.
Jane: I’m sure it wasn’t your fault. It was lucky for her she didn’t end up under your wheels.
Driver: Thank you for your support, Miss. Will that be all, sergeant? I’m rather in a hurry to get back to the depot.
P.S.: I’ll just have your statements typed out so that you can sign them. That won’t take more than 10 minutes. Of course you may have to appear in court, but we’ll get in touch with you about that later.
Imagine that you are Jane. Tell the policeman in detail what you saw, heard, and felt when the accident took place.
I noticed the woman stand…
a man wave to her…
saw the woman start to run…
a car-driver lean out and shout at her.
didn’t see the bus hit her.
felt the bus brake before…
heard her scream
You are a passer-by. You happened to be close at hand when the accident took place. Tell the police sergeant what you noticed, heard, saw.
Imagine that you are the driver. Tell the sergeant what happened.
I saw this woman appear.
didn’t see her start to…
heard her scream.
felt the bus brake
didn’t feel the bus hit her
didn’t notice the man wave
Imagine that you are the woman. Describe the accident.
see a friend of mine wave
notice a bus appear
hear myself scream
feel something hit me