- •Методический комментарий
- •Introduction
- •1. Write or say the word you think of first to go with each of the words below. Possible answers are given on the right.
- •2. Now, play the game the other way round. Write or say the nationality you associate with the things listed below.
- •Exercise 3. Where are they?
- •In which cities are the following landmarks?
- •He/she comes from… He/she is… He/she speaks…
- •1.1 National characters
- •Text 1*
- •III. Comprehension check
- •V. Writing
- •Text 2 notes on the british*
- •In the following extract Bill Bryson, an American writer, makes observations of the British people.
- •IV. Language focus
- •1. Match the word with its definition.
- •2. Pick out the words from the text describing the American and the British ways of life.
- •Italian neighbours*
- •II. Skim Extract 1 with Tim’s interview about his living in Italy and find answers to the questions:
- •Extract 2
- •Baby? I'd rather have a mobile phone
- •VIII. Writing
- •Text 4 westerners and the japanese
- •II. Read the first part of the text about Leadership and decide which of the following statements accurately reflect John Mole’s comments.
- •Leadership
- •Attitudes and Behaviour
- •IV. Language focus
- •1. Find English equivalents to:
- •2. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •V. Speaking
- •Text 5 the amish
- •II. Read the article carefully and do the tasks that follow.
- •III. Comprehension check
- •V. Writing
- •Vocabulary box
- •Achievement test 1 national characters
- •Information check (orally)
- •Vocabulary check (in writing)
- •1. Match the two columns.
- •2. Match the definitions below with the words from the box.
- •3. Translate the sentences into English.
- •1.2 Communicating interculturally
- •Importance of intercultural communication*
- •II. Read the text and find information on the following points.
- •IV. Speaking
- •V. Writing
- •Text 2 main concepts of intercultural communication*
- •Culture
- •Subculture
- •Culture Shock
- •Ethnocentric reactions
- •IV. Writing
- •Text 3 understanding culture*
- •II. Read the following text and check if your predictions were right.
- •Text 4 activity orientation
- •Text 5 time orientation
- •Text 6 predictions of communication problems*
- •In what way can we predict communication problems with people from foreign countries?
- •II. Read the text and check whether your predictions were right.
- •1. Control Issues
- •2. Intrapersonal Factors
- •3. Biological Factors
- •4. Interpersonal Factors
- •5. Space and Time Factors
- •6. Geopolitical Factors
- •IV. Language focus
- •V. Speaking
- •VI. Writing
- •Text 7 recognizing cultural differences
- •II. Read the following text and write down the main cultural factors to fill in the table below the text.
- •IV. Writing
- •Text 8 dealing with language barriers
- •Barriers to written communication
- •Barriers to oral communication
- •IV. Language focus
- •1. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions where necessary.
- •2. Find synonyms to the following words in the chart below and learn them.
- •V. Speaking
- •Text 9 suggestions for the cross-cultural sojourner*
- •1. Learn the Rules of the New Culture.
- •2. Assume Responsibility
- •3. Observe Carefully
- •4. Tolerate Differences
- •5. Develop Flexibility
- •IV. Speaking
- •V. Writing
- •Acting out
- •1. Role-play the conversation.
- •2. Role-play the conversation in a travel-bureau.
- •Project writing
- •Social Customs
- •Vocabulary box
- •Achievement test 2 communicating interculturally
- •Information check (orally)
- •Vocabulary check (in writing)
- •1. Define the meaning of the following words in English.
- •2. Match the two columns.
- •3. Translate the sentences into English.
- •1.3 English as a global language
- •Text 1 ways of learning*
- •Starter activities
- •How do you like to learn languages? Look at these extracts from advertisements for methods of learning languages. Choose the methods you would like. Explain and discuss your answers.
- •People learn languages in different ways. Here are some descriptions and explanations of different kinds of language learners. Match the descriptions (1-6) to the explanations (a-f).
- •The table below lists the ways of learning. Complete the column about “you” and discuss your answers.
- •Discussion
- •Text 2 why don’t we all speak the same language?
- •How Did the English Language Begin?
- •III. Comprehension check
- •Text 3 the english language*
- •The english language
- •The english language in north america
- •1. Say whether each of the following sentences is true or false. Correct the false sentences to make them true.
- •2. Give examples of different borrowings in the English language.
- •V. Speaking
- •Text 4 british and american english*
- •The main differences of American English in pronunciation are:
- •1) The pronunciation of r in all positions, e.G. Part, first, corner;
- •VI. Writing
- •Text 5 english as a world language*
- •In the countries listed in the table, English is used either as a first language or as a second. Identify the 7 countries in which it is used as a first language.
- •II. Read the text carefully the spread of english
- •Basic characteristics
- •III. Comprehension check
- •IV. Speaking
- •Text 6 a global language*
- •II. Read the text and check your guesses.
- •V. Writing
- •Imperial english*
- •In this article below Professor Anne Eisenberg writes about the importance of English in the scientific world. For which jobs or subjects is it important to know English in your country?
- •II. Reading
- •1. The statements below express the main idea of each of paragraph. Read the article and match the statements to the paragraphs.
- •2. Decide which sentences in each paragraph express the main ideas.
- •97 % Населения мира предпочитают английский язык для международного общения
- •Text 8 the language of business
- •II. Read the text and write questions for these answers.
- •Look at the expressions in the box using rule. Use your dictionary to check the meanings of any of the expressions that you don’t know.
- •Complete these sentences using the expressions from the box in Exercise 1. Change the verb tense if necessary.
- •Do You Speak Japanese?
- •Project writing
- •Essay writing
- •Vocabulary box
- •Acievement test 3 english as a global language
- •Information check (orally)
- •Vocabulary check (in writing)
- •1. Define the meaning of the following words in English.
- •2. Give synonyms to:
- •3. Match the professional areas with language needs.
- •3. Complete each sentence with the words from the box.
- •For reading, discussing and reporting
- •Text 2 the japanese sense of beauty
- •Text 3 you have to catch them young…
- •Text 4 when the locals are friendly Free accommodation with plenty of surprises ... Servas is a cheap - and enlightening - way to see the world, says Patricia Cleveland-Peck
- •Text 5 must one be so polite that it hurt?
- •Text 6 should americans be required to learn another language?
- •Discussion
- •Text 7 tips for communicating with people from other cultures
- •Text 8 developing intercultural competence
- •1. Privacy and its implications
- •2. "So much for complaining"
- •3. "When in Rome, do as the Romans do"
- •4. Meals
- •5. Attitude to time
- •6. Academic life
- •7. Facial expressions
- •8. Gestures
- •9. Clothes
- •10. Topics for small talk
- •11. Politeness Strategies
- •Text 9 the image of russia in western travel guides
The main differences of American English in pronunciation are:
1) The pronunciation of r in all positions, e.G. Part, first, corner;
2) the pronunciation of words like ask, half, last, dance, France with a half-long [ ];
3) the pronunciation of words like shop, hot, stop, problem, modern with a back [ ] sound;
4) words like tune, news, dew are pronounced without [j ];
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some words have a different pronunciation altogether, e.g. advertisement [ ai ], neither [ i: ], tomato [ ei ].
The principle differences in spelling are:-or (Brit. -our) in words like neighbor, color, honor, labor, vapor; -er (Brit. -re) in words like center, theater; -se instead of -ce in words like offense, defense, license; and one -1 - in words like traveler, canceling. Besides, a number of words are spelt differently, e.g. program, tire, catalog (Brit. programme, tyre, catalogue).
The most striking differences in grammar are the use of will in the future tense in all persons including the 1st (I will be disappointed), do with have in all its functions except as auxiliary (Do you have time now? I do not have any brothers or sisters), the use of some, any, none as adverbs (I did not sleep any, Brit. I did not sleep at all) and the frequent use of the Subjunctive in cases like: I demand that I be released (where British English has should). The verbs get and prove have participles in -en: gotten, proven.
The most important differences in the vocabulary are the following: railway carriages are called cars, the building of a railways station is a depot, shops are called stores, toilet - restroom, lift - elevator, tap -faucet, town center - downtown, ground floor -first floor, cooker - stove, curtains - drapes, garden - yard, cinema - movie-theater. A typical American store is the drugstore, which sells not only drugs, but also stationary, candy, milk shakes, paper-backed books and many other things - sometimes having a food counter where one can have hot dogs, sandwiches, hamburgers, orange juice, etc.
Government is administration, corn means maize, secondary schools are high schools, where the English say all right, Americans say O.K., good-buy is so long, autumn is fall and the underground is called the subway. Shop-assistants are called clerks, pavements are sidewalks, trams are street-cars, petrol is gas (olene), lorries are called trucks, taxis are cabs, tins are cans, and flats are called apartments. Where the British say I think or I suppose the Northern man says I guess and the Southern man I reckon. A common answer to Thank you is You are welcome. A universal word is the verb fix, which can be used for almost anything (to fix the fire, the clock, one's hair, the tire). [Quote from 9/1, 261]
III. Comprehension check
1. Check the information in the table.
2. Answer the questions.
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What is the role of language in intercultural communication?
-
What are the components of language?
IV. Language focus
1. Pick out from the box below synonyms to the following words and learn them.
– evaluate (v) – refer (v)
– transmit (v) – associate (v)
|
apply to |
transfer |
appreciate |
connect |
turn to for |
|
resort to |
put together |
direct to |
estimate |
broadcast |
|
relate |
send |
communicate |
convey |
value |
2. Write nouns for the verbs from the box. Make sure you understand the meaning of the verbs.
V. Speaking
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In Britain there is no Academy controlling or regulating the language. Do you think such control of a language is a good thing? Do you think control is necessary to maintain standards or does it inhibit creativity?
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Have you ever been confused in understanding what a native speaker of your language says because of variations in accent, habits of conversation, etc.? Which variations in your language do you like/ dislike? Tell about some variations in your language (pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, conversational habits). These may link to country, region, social status, educational background and age of the person talking.