III. Answer the questions:

1. When did pedagogics appear in Ukraine?

2. What were schools like in Kyiv Rus?

3. What were children taught in Cossacks’ schools?

4. What was the main goal of education during Zaporizhska Sich?

5. What was the first higher school in Ukraine?

6. Why was it closed?

IV. Complete the sentences:

1. At court school children of … were taught.

2. … founded the first library and printed the first … .

3. … organized Cossacks’ schools, where children were taught … instruments, read, write and … .

4. The ideal of education was a … soldier, devoted to the … and his people.

5. … academy was founded in 1615.

6. The best traditions of the academy were … by Kyiv … .

V. Translate into Ukrainian:

1. Yaroslav the Wise, Volodymyr the Great made a great contribution to the flourishing of Ukrainian pedagogics.

2. Education was also carried at church schools and in monasteries, and had a religious character.

3. Cossacks were taught to obtain military skills, reading, writing and counting.

4. Education in Kyiv-Mohyla academy corresponded to national values, best traditions and high level of education.

VI. Divide the text into some historical stages, describe each of them.

VII. Project. Make a report on one of the prominent Ukrainian educators (not only from the text).

VIII. Mind the following words and word-combinations:

coeducational research university – дослідницький університет для дівчат та хлопців

a predecessor ['prJdIsesq] – попередник

tertiary ['tWSqrI] education – вища освіта

competitive – конкуруючий

IX. Listen to the text “National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy” and try to

understand it.

X. Answer the following questions:

1. Why is Kyiv-Mohyla Academy the smallest university in Ukraine?

2. What does it mean “the university is bilingual”?

XI. True/ False statements:

1. National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy is situated in Lviv.

2. The university is bilingual.

3. To enter the university you have to pass an oral exam.

Unit 10 Topic: Prominent European educators

I. Read and remember the following words and word-combinations:

enlightener – просвітник

to be appreciated – бути визнаним

indignation – обурення

to stick to – відповідати

improvement – удосконалення

inclination – схильність

consistently – послідовно

to expose – розкрити (значення)

to condemn – засуджувати

II. Read and translate the following text:

Jean-Jacque Rousseau (1712-1778) – French enlightener and educator. In 1762 his novel “Emil or about upbringing” was published in France. But it was not appreciated and even caused indignation.

Rousseau paid great attention to the child’s personality and individuality. His general principles in upbringing were:

• particular forms of upbringing and education should correspond each age period;

• upbringing should be labour;

• physical exercises should go before intellectual upbringing.

Upbringing should be closely connected with a nature and should have natural character, what means stick to the development of child’s organism and his skills.

Johann-Heinrich Pestalocci (1746-1827) was born in Switzerland, Zurich.

His philosophy was greatly influenced by Rousseau’s pedagogical ideas.

The main goal of upbringing, according to Pestalocci, is the development of natural human skills and their constant improvement. All good inclinations have to be maximally developed.

Pestalocci considered visuality to be the most important principle of education. He suggested children should be taught systematically, consistently, accessibly and fruitfully.

He paid much attention to primary education and worked a lot at methodology of primary school.

But one of the most outstanding educators is truly considered I. A. Komensky. One may say that he laid the foundation of a pedagogical science, formed main principles of education and determined general class rules and procedures.

Komensky was born in Czech Republic, in 1592. While working as a teacher, later as a principal of a gymnasium, he worked at his famous book “Great Didactics”.

He worked out the periods and system of school education. He divided the whole child’s life into 4 age periods: mother school, mother tongue school, Latin school and academy.

In “Great didactics” Komensky not only organized precise system of upbringing and education, but also exposed the sense of main principles: visuality, consciousness, activity, consistency and system, getting sound knowledge and skills. He published his own textbooks, (“Open doors to languages and all sciences”, “Visible world in pictures”) that corresponded to his content and methodology of education. They were very popular among teachers.

Komensky also valued moral education and stressed that a baby wasn’t born with moral features, he was brought up to have them. Discipline was one of the main things in schooling, but he condemned corporal punishment.

“The value of a nation is its attitude to school and teachers”, he always said. He dreamt that teachers would become the source of light and wisdom.

He singled out quarters and semesters, and a lesson as a main educational form.

Komensky was the first educator, who made a system of schools and education. He is rightfully considered the founder of a modern school.