- •Additional materials for the first year students to the textbook by professor arakin V.D.
- •I. Read these texts, paying special attention to the words printed in bold.
- •1. About Myself*
- •2. About Myself*
- •3. The story of my life, sad and happy at the same time*
- •II. Read this text and translate it. My Family*
- •III. Find in the text the following words and word combinations.
- •Family tree.
- •IV. International Linguistic Academy*
- •День рождения*
- •Cinderella
- •I. Read and translate this text into Russian. My flat*
- •II. Read the text and translate it into Russian. To furnish a flat is a great problem*
- •III. Answer the questions on the text.
- •IV. Read the text. Translate into Russian the words and word combinations printed in bold. Retell the text. My brother's room*
- •V. Make the sentences of your own.
- •VI. Make sentences of your own. Where is this a piece of furniture situated?
- •VII. Answer the questions as in the model.
- •VIII. Match the adjectives and the nouns.
- •1. Geographical Quiz*
- •I. Can you answer these questions?
- •If you can answer all these questions, you really know something in Geography!
- •II. Read this text and retell it. Pay special attention to the words printed in bold. At the map of the world*
- •III. Read this text and say what the most unusual thing in this country is for you. The Country I Find Interesting*
- •IV. Answer the following questions.
- •V. Match the words in the left-hand column with their definitions in the right-hand column.
- •VI. Read this text and retell it. What else can you add to it? Look up all unknown words in the dictionary and learn them. Our Native Country
- •I. Read these dialogues and retell tem in indirect speech.
- •II. Translate into English.
- •III. Give the questions to which the following sentences are the answers.
- •IV. Answer the questions.
- •V. Match the beginnings and the ends of the definitions.
- •VI. Correct false statements. Use the following phrases to make your answer.
- •VII. Read the following definitions and guess what vegetables are described.
- •VIII. Match the names of different fruit and berries and their definitions.
- •IX. Read as fast as possible*
- •X. Now, translate these words as fast as possible.
- •XI. Arrange these words in groups: Meat; Poultry; Fish; Vegetables; Fruit; Drinks; Dairy Products; Sweets; Dishes and Cutlery.
- •XII. Translate these words and word combinations into English*
- •XIII. What do we call places where people go to eat? Match the words with their definitions.
- •XVI. What types of restaurant would you recommend to the following people?
- •XXIII. Make as many sentences as possible.
- •XXIV. Read these short dialogues and use them in your speech.
- •XXV. Translate into English*
- •XXVI. Read these texts and translate them.
- •1. Meals in England
- •2. Meals in the usa
- •XXVII. Translate these words and word combinations:
- •XXVIII. Translate into English the following:
- •XXIX. Answer the following questions.
- •XXX. Translate these texts in English.
- •XXXI. Food Idioms and proverbs.
- •I. A dialogue*
- •II. Answer the questions.
- •2. The worst day in my life*
- •VI. Find the translation of the following words and word combinations in the texts.
- •VII. Retell this text on behalf of a) Nicole; b) her friend. Nicole's day*
- •VIII. Read this text and answer the questions. An awful day of Nancy Lee*
- •IX. Answer the questions.
- •X. Translate into English.
- •XI. Remember the usage of the following prepositions with the verb to make.
- •XII. Make five sentences with each expression.
- •XIII. Make sentences using It's your turn to do smth – твоя очередь делать что-либо.
- •I. Read this text. Look up all unknown words in the dictionary and learn them. Translate it into Russian. What do you know about education? *
- •II. A rector begins from a student. But the way to this position is long. Name the steps to a position of a rector. Use the following words.
- •III. Read these texs. Look up all unknown words in the dictionary and learn them. Translate them into Russian. Something about student's life*
- •Student's days*
- •IV. Match the English idioms in the left column with their Russian equivalents in the right column. Illustrate the meaning of the English idioms by your own examples.
- •V. Translate into Russian.*
- •VI. Translate into English.*
- •VII. Explain the meaning of the following words in English.
- •VIII. Express in one word.
- •IX. Translate the following proverbs into Russian and comment upon them.
- •X. Read and translate these stories into Russian. Discuss them.
- •XI. Answer the following questions.*
- •XII. Work in pairs. Make phrases according to the model. Give answers expressing (выражая) your surprise (удивление), annoyance (досаду, раздражение), disagreement (несогласие).
- •XIII. Act out the following mini-dialogues, changing the words in italics (курсивом) taking the other ones from the list.
- •XIV. Translate into English.*
- •XV. Say in English as quickly as possible.*
- •XVI. Translate into English and use these sentences in your story.*
- •I. Learn the proverbs.
- •II. Remember three forms of the following verbs.
- •III. New words.
- •IV. Read this dialogue.
- •V. Find in the text the following words and word combinations.
- •VI. Read aloud and translate these words as quickly as possible.
- •VII. Find antonyms to the following words.
- •VIII. Translate into Russian.
- •IX. Make small dialogues using these expressions.
- •X. Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right.
- •XI. Read these dialogues and act them.
- •XII. Complete the following sentences using the words in brackets.
- •XIII. Fill in prepositions or adverbs.
- •XIV. Make short stories using the words suggested.
- •XV. Fill in the blanks using the words from the box.
- •XVI. Read this text and retell it.
- •XVII. Translate into English.
- •XVIII. Read these texts. Look up all the words you don’t know in the dictionary and learn them. Make not less than 15 questions as a kind of a plan to each story. Retell the texts. Seasons*
- •1. Spring.
- •2. Summer.
- •3. Autumn.
- •4. Winter.
- •Introductory texts.
- •I. Hobbies.
- •1. Find in the text the following words and word combinations:
- •2. Translate into English.
- •3. What are your favourite activities when you have free time?
- •II. Entertainment.
- •1. Answer the questions.
- •2. Retell the text and say whether people entertain themselves better in the past or nowadays. Give your reasons.
- •III. Spare time
- •1. Spare time of a student of a top class at school*
- •1. Say the same the other way using words and word combinations from the text:
- •2. Retell the text. What can you say about your spare time?
- •2. Monologue of a school-leaver*
- •1. Find in the text the following expressions:
- •2. Make fifteen questions to the text. Ask deskmate to answer these questions.
- •3. If I had time.
- •4. How the British Relax
- •1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. What can you say about the way the Russians relax?
- •I. I'm not a theatre-goer*
- •1. Find in the text the following words and word combinations.
- •2. Retell this text.
- •3. Could you tell about your last visit to the theatre?
- •II. Sister, act!*
- •1. Find in the text the following words and word combinations.
- •2. Could you tell about one of your favourite films?
- •III. At the screen of tv
- •It's a wonderful way of spending free time – in front of the screen of tv.
- •1. I am not a tv addict*
- •2. Make up sentences using this table.
- •3. What's your favourite programme?
- •4. Make a story about your favourite tv programmes. Why do you like them? What don’t you like on tv?
- •IV. Music as a part of your leisure time. Charmed with music*
- •V. From animals to antiquities … (Museums and Exhibitions)*
- •1. Read and translate all the words from the text printed in bald.
- •VII. Are You a Couch Potato?
- •1. Read this text and say what the reason is for appearing of a couch potato.
- •3. What kind of a person are you?
- •4. Choose the best definition for a couch potato, a party animal and a culture vulture.
- •VIII. Dialogues*
- •5. Render this story in English. А поехали на пикник!*
- •I. Buying foodstuff*
- •1. Read the text. Make sure you know the words and word combinations printed in bold. Look them up in the dictionary if there is any need.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Here is a shopping list. Say what shops can you buy these things?
- •4. Think and say what else can be sold in cartons, bunches, etc.
- •5. Match the phrases in the left column with the words in the right column.
- •6. What do we buy a) by kilos, b) by quantity, c) by tens in Russia?
- •7. Look through the list of products and say which of them are sold a) in quantity, b) in dozens, c) in lb* in Great Britain.
- •8. Say which products are priced a) per kilo, b) per each.
- •10. What are the measures of weight and volume in Russia, Great Britain and the usa? Do you know them?*
- •11. What do you know about money in Great Britain and the usa? Do you know their?*
- •12. Read these dialogues and act them.
- •13. Translate into English.*
- •14. Make up small dialogue on analogy using the words in brackets.
- •15. Translate into English*
- •II. Shopping for Consumer goods.
- •1. Read this text and translate it. At Our Department Store *
- •2. Read this text and retell it. At the Clothes' Department*
- •3. Read the text. Translate all the words and word combinations printed in bold. At the Shoe Department*
- •4. These are the verbs describing wearing clothes.
- •5. Make sentences according to the model.*
- •6. Fill in the missing parts of the dialogue.
- •7. Read this text and retell it. At the Jeweller's*
- •8. Fill in the missing words.
- •9. Read this story. What goods did Dasha’s mother buy for her daughter? At the stationer's*
- •10. Translate into English*
- •1. Read this text and translate it. What is a town like? *
- •2. Look at the names of the cities and say when they were founded. *
- •3. Read aloud and give Russian equivalents of the following words and word combinations. *
- •4. Translate into English. *
- •5. Use the following adjectives when translating these expressions. Pronounce these words correctly. Do you know the meaning of all the words? Make sentences of your own with these words.
- •6. Which of the words below can you use to describe:
- •7. Make up questions using the given model and the words below.
- •8. Give advice using the models and the words below.
- •9. Try to describe one or two towns / cities using the words given above in exercises 5 - 8.
- •10. Answer the following questions.*
- •Yekaterinburg – my native city. *
- •14. Answer the questions. *
- •15. Read these dialogues and translate them paying special attention to the words printed in bold.
- •16. Read these small dialogues. Make your explanations of getting about the town from one place to another one.
- •1. Read this text and say if there are any superstitions in other professions and among students. Retell the text. Break a leg & other theatre superstitions.
- •2. Do you remember your first visit to the theatre and your impression on it? Read this text and compare it with your reminiscences. The Blue Danube. *
- •3. Read the text.
- •I saw a miracle*
- •4. Find in the text the following words and word combinations.
- •5. Write fifteen questions to this text as a plan and retell it.
- •I. Synonyms of the words usually confused by students Beautiful – Handsome – Pretty
- •Face – Countenance - Complexion
- •Thin – Lean – Slender – Slim
- •II. Describing people
- •1. Physical appearance
- •2. Character and personality
- •III. Types of people
- •1. Write the missing word in the sentences below. Choose from the following:
- •2. Write the missing words in the sentences below. Choose from the following:
- •IV. Read and translate this passage into Russian. Try to describe the appearance of the characters of it. What can you say about their characters? Retell this text.
- •V. Stories about different people.
- •1. Read, translate and retell these stories.
- •2. Find in the texts all compound adjectives. Translate them, give their synonyms and antonyms.
- •VI. Match the words on the left with the meaning on the right.
- •VII. Draw the lines between the pairs matching the words on the left with their opposite on the right.
- •VIII. Draw lines between the pairs matching the words on the left with the words or phrases of similar meaning on the right.
- •IX. How would you describe a person who…
- •X. What would you think of a person who says:
- •XI. Use your dictionary to clarify your understanding of the following idioms. Translate them. Make up a situation to prove your proper understanding of each idiom. *
- •XIII. Say whether you know a person about whom you could say that he or she is.*
- •XIV. Find the Russian equivalents for the following proverbs and use the latter in a proper context.*
- •XV. The following parts of the body are used as verbs in the sentences below. Put each one in its correct place. *
- •XVI. Translate into English. Retell them in English in indirect speech.*
- •I. Чтение гласных в ударном слоге.
- •III. – logy; ism.
- •I. Colours
- •II. Gemstones and Jewellery
- •III. Furs, Leather and Yarn
- •II. Verbs of Speech and Manner of Speech. Voice.
I. Чтение гласных в ударном слоге.
|
|
I открытый |
II закрытый |
III гласная + r |
IV глас.+ r + глас. |
|
Aa |
[eı] name |
[æ] map |
ar [a:] car |
are/ary [ɛə] Mary parent care |
|
Ee |
[ı:] me bee she |
[e] pen |
er [ə:] her |
ere [ιə] here |
|
Oo |
[əu] note |
[ɔ] not |
or [ɔ:]fork |
ore [ɔ:] more |
|
Uu |
[(j)u:] tune |
[ʌ] but |
ur [ə:] fur turn |
ure [juə] sure pure |
|
Ii / Yy |
[aι] time my |
[ı] sit myth |
ir [ə:] girl yr [ə:] myrtle |
ire [aιə] fire yre [aιə] tyre |
Чтение буквосочетаний.
|
ee |
[ı:] |
tree keep green |
igh |
[aı] |
sight light night might high right |
|
ea – – |
[ı:] |
teacher read speak |
i+gn |
[aı] |
sign |
|
[e] |
bread sweater meadow |
i+ld |
[aı] |
child mild wild | |
|
ass |
[a:] |
ass class pass grass |
i+nd |
[aı] |
kind mind bind |
|
ast |
[a:] |
last past cast |
oo |
[u:] |
soon spoon too fool goose |
|
ask |
[a:] |
ask task mask |
oo+k |
[u] |
book look |
|
asp |
[a:] |
grasp clasp |
ou |
[au] |
count round found |
|
alf |
[a:f] |
half calf |
[ʌ] |
young trouble country | |
|
alm |
[a:m] |
calm palm psalm |
[u:] |
soup group rouble | |
|
ant |
[a:] |
ant plant can't |
ow |
[au] |
how now down shower flower |
|
all, alk |
[ɔ:] |
all tall call talk chalk |
[əu] |
know slow flow | |
|
a+th,n,f |
[a:] |
bath dance after |
oo+r |
[uə] |
poor |
|
ai/ay |
[eı] |
rain main pain say may day |
o+ld |
[əu] |
old cold sold |
|
ei/ey |
[eı] |
grey they rein vein |
o+ll |
[əu] |
roll toll |
|
ie |
[ı:] |
field chief thief |
oi |
[oı] |
point coin boil |
|
c+ei+v |
[ı:] |
receive conceive perceive |
oy |
[oı] |
boy toy |
|
augh |
[ɔ:] |
taught caught daughter |
y+гл. |
[j] |
yes yard yellow you (в начале слов) |
|
ough |
[ɔ:] |
thought brought fought |
-y |
[ı] |
forty army heavy (в конце слов в безударном положении) |
|
au |
[ɔ:] |
August autumn author sauce |
our |
[auə] |
our flour |
|
aw |
[ɔ:] |
draw claw |
oa |
[əu] |
coat boat road |
|
ear |
[ιə] |
ear hear dear |
oa + r |
[ɔ:] |
board boar |
|
eer |
[ιə] |
engineer pioneer beer |
er/or |
[ə] в безуд. пол. в кон. сл. doctor teacher order | |
|
eir |
[ɛə] |
their heir |
w(h)a |
[o] |
want was watch (в закрытом слоге) |
|
air |
[ɛə] |
chair air fair |
war |
[o:] |
war wardrobe |
|
ew |
[ju:] |
dew new few |
qu |
[kw] |
question quite quick |
|
eu |
[ju:] |
neutral |
qu+a |
[kwo] |
quantity squash |
|
ear+согл |
[a:] |
heart hearth |
qu+ar |
[kwo:] |
quarter quarer |
|
sh |
[∫] |
she shelf Sasha |
wor |
[wə:] |
work word worm |
|
ch |
[t∫] |
chalk teacher match |
wr |
[r] |
write wrong wrap |
|
x |
[ks] |
exercise fox box expect |
ture |
[t∫ə] |
picture lecture |
|
[gz] |
ex'amine ex'ile |
sure |
[ʒə] |
pleasure measure | |
|
ss |
[s] |
pass moss boss glasses |
c+e,i,y |
[s] |
city cybernetic celery century |
|
s – – |
[s] |
see stay past |
c+остал.б. |
[k] |
cat coat crane cut |
|
[z] |
physics exercise |
g+ e,i,y |
[dʒ] |
page gym giraffe | |
|
ph |
[f] |
phone physics |
g+остал.б. |
[g] |
plague grain gay gain goat |
|
kn |
[n] |
know knight knee knife |
исключения – get girl give | ||
|
j |
[dʒ] |
jam July |
ck |
[k] |
black back sock |
|
s/t+ion |
[∫n] |
revolution mission |
ng |
[ŋ] |
sing song English angry |
|
th |
[ θ ] |
three think thumb |
nk |
[ŋk] |
Ink mink think link |
|
[∂ ] |
this they (в служеб.сл.и местоим.) |
who |
[hu(:)] |
who whose whom | |
XIII. Word-building
Topic I. Суффиксы существительных
I. - er/or; -eer; -ee; -ist;
1.Verb + er/or = Noun. Образует существительное, которое описывает чью-либо профессию или занятие.
|
to work – worker to dance – dancer |
to operate - operator to act – actor |
to employ – em'ployer (работодатель) to pay – 'payer (плательщик) |
2. Verb + er = Noun. Образует существительное, которое описывает действие, производимое чем-то.
|
to grate – grater (терка) to cook – cooker (плита) to dry hair – hair dryer (фен) |
to open (tins) – tin-opener (консервный нож) to sharpen (pencils) – pencil-sharpener – точилка to wash (dishes) – dish-washer (посудомоечная машина) |
3.Verb / Noun + ee = Noun. Образует существительное, которое описывает, чем занимается кто-то или его социальный статус. В словах с данным суффиксом ударение падает на последний слог.
|
to employ – employ'ee (служащий, работающий по найму) to pay –pay'ee (получатель денег, предъявитель чека) |
to refuge – refu'gee (эмигрант, беженец) to refer – refe'ree (судья) |
4. Noun + eer + Noun. Образует существительное, которое описывает вид деятельности, которой занимается кто-либо.
|
engine – engineer mountain - mountaineer |
5. Noun / Verb / Adjective + ist = Noun. Образует существительное, которое обозначает лицо, деятеля, представителя профессии, последователя теории, метода, направления.
|
art – artist piano – pianist |
anarchic – anarchist Buddha – Buddhist |
journal – journalist to type – typist |
violin – violinist colony - colonist |
II. -ness; -dom; -age; -hood; -ship;
1. Существительные французского происхождения с суффиксом –age. Суффикс всегда находится в безударном положении.
|
–age [ıdʒ] 'marriage 'village ad'vantage 'passage 'postage 'image |
–age [a:ʒ] 'massage 'dressage 'garage 'camouflage |
2. Adj + -ness = Noun. Образует абстрактное существительное, обозначающее качество, состояние
|
sad – sadness great - greatness |
happy – happiness kind – kindness |
good – goodness weak - weakness |
dark – darkness cold - coldness |
3. Noun + -hood = Noun. Образует абстрактное существительное, обозначающее состояние.
|
brother – brotherhood neighbour – neighbourhood mother – motherhood child - childhood |
4. Adj + -dom = Noun. Образует абстрактное существительное, обозначающее состояние.
|
free - freedom |
bore - boredom |
king – kingdom |
5. Noun + -ship = Noun. Образует абстрактное существительное, обозначающее состояние.
|
champion - championship |
friend - friendship |