Вариант 3.

Вправа 1. Визначте видо-часову форму і стан дієслова-присудка, дайте його початкову форму. Перекладіть речення.

1. A solution of the drug to be reduced in water or alcohol was prepared so that it contained from 5 to 30 mg of the substance per 5 ml.

2. Experimental evidence has shown that rimactane is significantly more effective in staphylococcal infections.

3. After the reaction had taken place, the product gave an intense colouration.

4. Steroids must pass through the liver where they are largely inactivated.

5. Some of microorganisms persist due to the development of secondary resistance.

Вправа 2. Перекладіть на українську мову, звертаючи увагу на сполучники.

1. The choice of base as well as acid for hydrolysis depends on the nature of the compound.

2. It is essential that the food of man and animals should contain small amounts of organic substances called vitamins.

3. It was not clear why the same adsorbent was not suitable for the separation of sodium constituent.

Вправа 3. Перекладіть на українську мову, звертаючи увагу на інфінітив.

1. Enough solvent was used to produce a mass having the necessary consistency into which the drug was suspended.

2. In order to effect the crystallization of solid acids the mixture is pumped through a four stage cooler unit.

3. The Russian surgeon Pirogov N. I. was the first who used anaesthesia at operations.

Вправа 4. Перекладіть на українську мову, звертаючи увагу на суб’єктивний інфінітивний зворот.

1. Amino-acids are known to be the final stage of protein hydrolysis.

2. Proteins are said to be amphoteric in character.

3. Digitalis preparations are mainly used for their action on the cardiac muscle.

4. Solubility is proved to have a constant temperature.

5. The mold was proved to grow neither without oxygen nor in pure glucose media.

Вправа 5. Згрупуйте слова, згідно частинам мови.

solve, preparation, precipitant, addition, colour, prepare, soluble, additional, accuracy, intensive, inventor, conduct, oxydize, filtration.

Вправа 6. Перепешіть та перекладіть текст.

CHROMATOGRAPHY

Chromatography has opened up new fields of medical research, which could not have been investigated so thoroughly and rapidly with older methods. The dispensary pharmacist gets along very well without using chromatography in his daily work; but many products on his shelves would not be there today if they had not been isolated and purified by chromatographic means. Chromatography has greatly extended our knowledge of biochemistry and drug metabolism.

Chromatography is a process for separating the components of a mixture by producing different rates of movement for each component in a countercurrent system. Different rates are thus produced for each solute, and a physical separation is achieved.

Chromatographic methods have developed so rapidly that they are now regarded as the most powerful tools available for the separation and purification of natural products.

In 1906 the Russian botanist Tswett published a description of his technique for separating the pigments of green leaves by adsorption onto columns of precipitated chalk. Instead of percolating a solution of the mixed pigments through the column Tswett applied a small quantity of pigment to the top of the packing and then ran a light petroleum solvent through it. This resulted in a gradual separation of a series of coloured bands moving down the column at different rates, each band representing a different pigment. Tswett referred to this technique for the first time as the “chromatographic method”. Apparently the first to realize its potential importance, Tswett is now generally regarded as the “father” of chromatography. However, little attention was paid to his observations for some 25 years, until interest in chromatography was revived in 1931 by the work of Kuhn, Lederer, and Wintersteiner, who separated the plant carotenoid pigments with this technique.

A major advance in chromatography was introduced by the development of synthetic ion exchange resins. The technique has been applied to a large number of organic compounds and has proved especially useful for separating acidic and basic substances from mixtures.

Вправа 7. Дайте відповіді на наступні запитання:

1) What role has chromatography played in medical research?

2) Who was the first to describe this method?

3) Where are chromatographic methods used?

4) When did a major advance in chromatography begin?

Вправа 8. Поставити речення у питальну форму.

1. The percentage of nitrogen in this protein has varied from 15 to 19.

2. The tablet is desintegrated when brought into contact with water.

3. The use of aerosol containers prevented contamination and drying out of the product.

Вправа 9. Випишіть з тексту речення у Passive Voice та перекладіть їх.

Вправа 10. Утворити прикметники та перекласти їх.

-ve: hypertension, express, connect, imagine, cause

un-: pleasant, cured, like, natural, steady.