- •Health is above wealth.
- •What do doctors do?
- •What's the diagnosis?
- •What does the doctor prescribe?
- •What would you say if the doctor asked you the following questions?
- •16. Learn the following:
- •17. Which is the odd one out in each group, in terms of the main word stress? Use a dictionary if you are not sure about the words.
- •18. Which of these collocations are normal, and which are not normal?
- •Now fill the gaps using the expressions above.
- •21.What do you know about alternative medicine? Learn the new words and use them in the sentences of your own.
- •Acupuncture chiropractic herbal medicine
- •22. Listen to the radio programme about holistic medicine.
- •23. Why would you be given the following to help make you better? What do you do with it?
- •25. Transcribe the following words to avoid possible
- •26. Match the words with their definitions:
- •28. What do we call the type of alternative medicine which...
- •30. Complete these sentences with words from the box. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •31. Here are four pictures of things to do with health and medicine. Can you match them with the labels?
- •33. Translate the sentences. Learn the medical metaphors:
- •34. Study the words and their definitions. Translate the examples into Ukrainian:
- •35. Complete the word formation table. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •36. The medical words in the box below can also be used in a metaphorical way. Fill the gaps in the following text using these words. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •37. Asking about Health
- •2. Comprehensive questions:
- •3. Language focus
- •4. Choose the right form
- •5. Fill the blanks with the words below. You may need to change the form о the words. Each word can be used only once.
- •10. Choose the correct answer.
- •11. Hands up!
- •12. Body. Give names of the bodily organs indicated in the picture below.
- •13. All eyes
- •15. Body. Match the following parts of the body with the jumbled definitions on the right.
- •16. Body
- •18. Explain the meanings and give the context of the following idioms:
- •19. Body. Complete the sentences .
- •21. Read, the sayings and explain them. Find Ukrainian equivalents to them
- •24. Complete these conversations in a suitable way.
- •25. Answer these questions about yourself. If possible, ask another person the same questions.
- •28. Give English equivalents for the following words:
- •29. Here is a list of injuries. Look them up in your dictionary to check the meaning and the pronunciation, and fill in the chart. Use your imagination to think of a cause for the injuries.
- •30. Injuries. Crossword puzzle.
- •31. Injuries. Choose the correct answer.
- •32. Injuries. Choose the right answer.
- •2. Transcribe the following words to avoid possible mispronunciation and miscommunication in future:
- •3. Language focus
- •5. Choose the correct answer.
- •6. The following problems and pieces of advice have got all mixed up. Can you match them correctly?
- •7. Choose the right answer.
- •9. Complete the sentences below with a preposition (from, on, with, etc.).
- •10 Health. Fill in the right words.
- •11. Health. Choose the right answer.
- •12. Health. Fill in the English translation of the word(s) in brackets.
- •16. Diet. Choose the right answer.
- •17. Diet. Fill in the blanks with the words below. You may use each word only once.
- •Special Diets
- •18. Diet. Choose the correct answer.
- •Examination Fever
- •21. Give the Ukrainian names of the following diseases:
- •22. Diseases. Choose the correct answer.
- •26. Diseases. Fill the blanks with the words below. You may use each word only once.
- •27. Symptoms. Match the following symptoms of disease with their definitions.
- •28. Symptoms. Choose words from the group below to complete the sentences.
- •It may be necessary to change the form of the given words.
- •29. Symptoms. Choose the correct answers.
- •30. Symptoms. Choose the right answer.
- •31. Symptoms. Choose the correct form.
- •32. Symptoms. Choose the correct form.
- •34. Patients. Choose the right answer.
- •35. Patients. Choose the right answer.
- •36. Patients. Choose the right answer.
- •37. Smoking. Choose the right answer.
- •38. Doctors
- •39. Specialists. Where can you find these patients? Match the patients with the correct wards or departments.
- •40. Specialists. Give the name of the people defined below.
- •43. Specialists. What is the difference between a psychiatrist and a psychoanalyst?
- •44. Drugs. In most cases drugs are
- •46. Drugs. Choose the right answer.
- •47. Drugs. Fill the blank with the right word from the list below. You may use each word once only.
- •48. Drugs. Choose the right answer.
- •Тільки те, що призначив лікар?
- •50. Drugs. Fill the blanks with the right word from the list below. You may use each word only once.
- •52. Drugs. Fill the blanks with the words from the list. You may need to change the form of the words. You may use each word once only.
- •53. Drugs. Choose the right answer.
- •54. Think ahead. Look at the title and guess what the article is about.
- •Three out of every 10 women
- •55. Comprehension check.
- •56. Language focus
- •10 Rules For Weight loss.
- •65. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian. Learn sport and fitness metaphors.
- •68. Just What the Doctor Ordered. Translate and learn the following idioms.
- •70. Be a Good Sport
- •71. Explain the meanings and give the context of the following idioms:
- •3. Comprehensive questions:
- •4. The text contains quite a few words whose pronunciation could pose difficulty. Transcribe the following words to avoid possible mispronunciation and miscommunication in future:
- •5. Language Focus
- •6. Find synonyms or near synonyms for the following words, and write sentences to explore their associations.
- •7. Enrich your vocabulary:
- •9. Explain the contextual meaning of the words in bold and translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
- •10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word from the topical vocabulary, making any necessary changes.
- •15. In small groups discuss your answers to these questions by using as many of the ways of giving opinions and agreeing and disagreeing as you can.
- •17. Choose the best option from the alternatives a or b
- •18. Listening
- •4. Look at the paragraph headings in the article and make some notes on what the text might be about. Compare your ideas with the class before reading the article.
- •5. What do you think?
- •7. Language focus
- •Vocabulary :
- •10. Which of the sports are these people probably talking about?
- •Verbs and their collocations in the context of sport
- •15. Give names for the illustrated sports.
- •16. Match the following sports with the right pictures.
- •17. Complete the following sentences with the words or phrases from the list below.
- •19. Match the names of the footballers with their position on the
- •20. Choose the right answer.
- •21. Complete these expressions using the things on the right.
- •22. Fill in the table matching the sports with the right kinds
- •23. Give the names for the illustrated ways of swimming.
- •24. Horse riding. Match the words with the right numbers in the
- •25. Indicate which equipment is used in the following
- •26. Choose the correct answer.
9. Explain the contextual meaning of the words in bold and translate the following sentences into Ukrainian.
In the Netherlands euthanasia has already been legalized.
Most doctors are opposed to euthanasia on ethical grounds.
Like other mentally handicapped children, Down's children can achieve considerable educational improvement through a consistent programme of education and care.
The need for the adequate provision of permanent residential homes increases substantially as the mentally handicapped child grows up.
Complete disarmament was the ultimate goal of the conference.
Monroe was the ultimate Hollywood movie star.
The press launched a vicious attack on the President.
On the first day of the war over 400 missiles were launched.
The chance to escape from the daily drudgery in the pits must have been more than attractive.
Women are rebelling against domestic drudgery.
The anguish of not knowing the truth was almost unbearable.
Miss James could not afford to sue for libel.
General economic arguments, however, omit the spin-off benefits from the inventiveness of financial operators in search of bargains and easy profits.
Laser research has had important spin-offs for eye surgery.
She denied murdering her husband, but pleaded guilty to manslaughter.
He's denied murdering Elizabeth Howe, but has admitted manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility.
O'Brien described his trial as a travesty of justice .
Irrespective of the success of this integration, your claim was a travesty of the facts.
Eva had never been one to indulge in self-pity.
10. Fill in the blanks with an appropriate word from the topical vocabulary, making any necessary changes.
handicapped |
launch |
spin-off |
euthanasia |
drudgery |
ultimate |
travesty |
anguish |
manslaughter |
sue |
indulge |
|
|
|
|
1. The decision caused a huge public outcry and a national debate on __________.
2. A family with a severely ____________child will have many problems.
3. The__________ responsibility for policy lies with the President.
4. A test satellite _____________________ from Cape Canaveral.
5. What seemed a promising job turned into months of boredom and __________.
6. Of course, in past centuries, no global news network existed to capture the____ ___________of the victims.
7. It seems never to have been doubted that a corporation created by Royal Charter can __________for libel.
8. One of the main____________ for countries that host the Olympic Games is increased business for hotels, restaurants, and theatres.
9. The court decided there was insufficient evidence for a ____________charge.
10. It was a political act, a ____________from start to finish.
11. Women do not___________ in crime to the same extent as men.
11. Translate the text into English.
Евтаназія: убивство чи милосердя?
А може, убивство з милосердя?
Щодня у свiтi тисячi фiзично здорових людей добровiльно йдуть iз життя через те, що не в змозi витримати душевнi страждання. У той же час тисячi безнадiйно хворих мучаться, страждаючи вiд фiзичного болю. Чи вправi хтось iз людей (бо самi вони не в змозi) покласти край їхньому стражданню, вчинивши «убивство з милосердя»?
Гарне медичне слово «евтаназiя» означає безболiсне навмисне умертвiння хворого з метою полегшення його страждань. Проблема евтаназiї виникла не сьогоднi i не раптово. Англiйський фiлософ Френсiс Бекон (1561—1626) для означення легкої безболiсної смертi ввiв термiн «евтаназiя», тобто хороша, спокiйна i легка смерть, без мук i страждань. Кiлька рокiв тому великого розголосу набув судовий процес над 71-рiчним хiрургом Джеком Кеворкяном, активним пропагандистом евтаназiї (звільнення вiд страждань тяжкохворої людини за допомогою безболісного умертвіння), що вiдбувся у м. Понтiак штату Мiчiган США. «Лiкар Смерть» за певний перiод з допомогою спецiального ним розробленого апарата умертвив 130 безнадiйних пацiєнтiв. Шiсть разiв за цей час вiн притягався до суду, i суд виправдовував лiкаря. Востаннє вiн вiдмовився вiд адвоката, i суд визнав його винуватим. Вирок — 25 рокiв тюремного ув’язнення. Багато хто висловлював на адресу «Лiкаря Смерть» осуд й неприязнь. Однак є i багато прихильникiв Кеворкяна серед вчених i хворих. Одна з його послiдовниць — медсестра з Угорщини, яка отримала прiзвисько Чорний Ангел, — нинi теж уже за гратами. Хоча й переконувала суддiв, що вводила смертельну iн’єкцiю хворим лише на їхнє прохання, чи, до прикладу, якщо хворий перебував у глибокiй комi й життя його пiдтримувалося лише з допомогою апаратiв, на прохання близьких родичiв.
Якщо розiбратися детальнiше, то поняття «евтаназiя» має дуже глибоке коріння. Так, у Спартi вбивали немовлят, народжених слабими й хворими, у деяких первiсних племен був звичай убивати старикiв, якi стали тягарем для iнших. На початку минулого столiття юрист Бiндiнг i психiатр Гохе запропонували називати евтаназiєю знищення так званих «неповноцiнних» людей. Евтаназiя у такiй iнтерпретацiї широко застосовувалася в гiтлерiвськiй Нiмеччинi, де була спецiально розроблена програма масового знищення людей з рiзними формами захворювань (психiчно хворих, епiлептикiв, паралiзованих тощо). Все це робилося «в iнтересах нацiї». Нинi питання про допустимiсть евтаназiї обговорюється в багатьох країнах свiту, а в рядi країн евтаназiя визнана законною: зокрема, у Нідерландах, в Австралiї, з деякими застереженнями у Канаді. У нас же евтаназiю ранiше прийнято було згадувати як явище, властиве виключно капiталiстичному суспiльству, позбавленому елементарних принципiв моралi. Те, що подiбне може бути у нас, сприймалося як абсурд. Не тому, напевно, що всi українцi чи росiяни такi ревнi вiрники i у всьому, зокрема в питаннi життя i смертi, покладаються на Бога. Можливо, тут далося взнаки горезвiсне українське терпiння? А може, не одному поколiнню втовкмаченi незабутнi слова Павки Корчагiна, що «життя дається тiльки раз...» У той же час багато вчених зі свiтовим iменем вважають, що є категорiї людей, для яких є допустимим «убивство з милосердя».
Це i невилiковнi хворi, i хронiчно хворi з незворотними вiковими змiнами, хворi з безнадiйно ушкодженим мозком та iншi. Обгрунтовується доцiльнiсть примусової евтаназiї. Переважно це стосується новонароджених з уродженою патологiєю i хворих старечого вiку. Лауреат Нобелiвської премiї Ф. Крiк запропонував не надавати медичну допомогу особам, старшим за 80. На пiдтримку такої позицiї висуваються, як правило, тези про захист економiчних iнтересiв держави й необхiдностi перерозподiлу медичних ресурсiв на користь хворих, котрi мають бiльше шансiв на одужання. Адже перебування у лiкарнi й пiдтримка життя пацiєнта з безнадiйним ушкодженням мозку обходиться вiд 25 до 30 тисяч доларiв на рiк. Невилiковний хворий, котрий перебуває в лiкарнi протягом року, займає мiсце, яке могли б використати близько 20 хворих з термiном лiкування по 2—3 тижнi.
До того ж, бiльшiсть сучасних молодих лiкарiв не вважають самогубство смертним грiхом перед Богом або зовсiм не вiрять нi в Бога, нi в загробне життя. Отож вони не вбачають нiякого смислу i у продовженнi страждань хворого та його близьких.
Злиденне становище нашої медицини — важливий об’єктивний фактор популярностi евтаназiї. Воно формує думку, що медично дозволена смерть i припинення життя є достойнiшими за нестерпне споглядання того, як помирають безнадiйно хворi, котрим суспiльство не в змозi допомогти. У той же час це сприятиме поширенню в суспiльствi цинiзму, нiгiлiзму i моральної деградацiї в цiлому, що є неминучим при вiдмовi вiд дотримання заповiдi «не убий».
12. Quickly read the text and find out why Dr Kevorkian - the man in the picture - is in the news.
A monster or a saint?
In the USA, a doctor is racing trial tor helping a woman kill herself. Mrs Atkins, aged 54. contacted Dr Jack Kevorkian and explained that she wanted to end her life because she was suffering from an incurable disease. The doclor put his suicide machine into a van and he drove to a park where he told Mrs Atkins how to administer the fatal injection. If the court decides he killed Mrs Atkins, he could be jailed lor life. In his defence, the doctor said: 'She knew what she was doing, she wanted to end her life. I asked her if she knew what that meant. She said. "Yes. I'm going to die. There's nothing for me. There's no life".' The police have taken the machine but Dr Kevorkian will help other people to end their lives unless he is kept in prison. In the doctor's own words he says: "If they send me to jail, they'd better keep me there, otherwise I'll do it again when I get out.”
13.Discussion points
Is Dr Kevorkian a saint or a monster?
What 'rights' should a person have over medical treatment? Should they be allowed to choose whether or not to die?
What do you think a court in your country would decide in Dr Kevorkian's case?
Since this story happened, a cure has been found for Mrs Atkins' disease. Does this change your opinion at all?
14. Speaking
Read the text about human 'guinea pigs' and on your own, answer the questions in exercise 2 below.
Guinea pigs
In some clinics in London, people can agree to be 'guinea pigs' for medical experiments; they stay in hospitals like luxury hotels and earn a lot of money if they are prepared to take the medicines the doctors give them. In one place which experiments with new medical equipment, they pay people £10,000 if they agree to have toes cut off then sewn back on again!