Вариант 1

1. Прочтите текст и ответьте устно на следующие вопросы:

1. What is unusual for a foreigner in Australia?

2. What kind of country is Australia?

Australia

1. Australia is an island the size of Europe, which knows every type of climate and almost every kind of foliage. Its birds and animals are strange, unlikely dreams. Its dark-skinned aboriginal inhabitants hunted and ate the kangaroo, the koala bears, the exotic birds. They dreamed their dreams, told their tales around the camp-fires and lived the Stone Age existence that had been theirs for thousands of years.

2. In 1788 there came to this country twelve hundred English convicts and guards who arrived to form the colony of Port Jackson (now Sydney). The population rose rapidly during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Now Australia is strongly promoted as a multi-cultural society and has become home to a wide variety of citizens from numerous ethnic backgrounds.

3. Australia’s size offers an enormous diversity of climate to suit all tastes: from cool and moist to hot and tropical, with regions in between enjoying a warm temperate climate.

4. Canberra is Australia’s National Capital. When Australian States federated in 1901, it was decided to build an entirely new city so that the Federal Government could have complete control over its own seat and also be removed from the influence of any of the State capitals.

5. The Commonwealth of Australia came into existence on 1^st January 1901. Before this date, New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and Tasmania were separate self-governing colonies. The Commonwealth Parliament consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

2. Переведите в письменной форме абзацы 1, 3, 4.

3. Найдите герундий и переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. The professor told us about experimenting and the necessity of observing facts.

2. The energy of anything is its power for doing work.

3. We can’t understand your making this experiment without consulting anybody.

4. Выберите требуемую форму глагола и переведите предложения на русский язык:

1. If the scientist took great interest in growing new crystals, he (will start, would start) a new experiment.

2. If the scientist wants to grow new crystals, he (will find, would find) new methods of work.

3. If growing new crystals (were, had been) very important for this branch of industry, the scientists would have made that experiment.

5. Переведите упражнения на русский язык, обращая внимание на согласование времен:

1. We said that in Australia there were many strange animals.

2. I knew that it would be very difficult to get to that place.

3. She said that she had visited Australia two years before.

Вариант 2

1. Прочтите текст и ответьте устно на следующие вопросы:

1. What is the territory and the population of Russia?

2. What kind of country is Russia?

RUSSIA

1. Russia is one of the largest countries in the world. It occupies an area of 17 million square kilometres. Russia is washed by three oceans and twelve seas and borders on fourteen countries.

2. The population of the country is about 150 million people. Russia is a constitutional republic with President as Head of State. It is one of the leading powers in the world.

3. The climate of the country varies greatly. The coldest regions are situated in the North and the climate here is arctic. The climate of the central part is continental and in the South it is subtropical.

4. If you look at the map of Russia you will see the highest mountains in the Caucasus and the Altai, the Urals, separating Europe from Asia, many rivers and large lakes. The longest rivers are the Volga in Europe and the Lena in Asia. Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the world and it has the purest water on earth.

5. Russia is a highly developed industrial country. Russia is very rich in natural resources such as oil, coal, gas, gold, diamonds and others. It has the largest oil and gas resources, concentrated in Siberia and Far East. It produces cars, machinery, chemicals, textile and many other items.

6. In 1957 our country successfully launched the world's first satellite. The first manned spaceship “Vostok” piloted by Yuri Gagarin, the citizen of Russia, was launched on April 12, 1961. It opened a new era in the history of mankind.