Tricky words

concern n 1) дело, фирма, предприятие; 2) отношение, касательство; 3) беспокойство, тревога, забота.

concern v касаться, затрагивать, иметь отношение

be concerned (with smth) связанным ( с чем-то), иметь oтношение

be concerned (in smth)

heritage n - наследие, наследие, полученное при рождении.

Ср.: inheritance n – 1)наследство, собственность, полученная наследником

2) наследственность (генетическая);

hereditary – adj –наследный, наследственный;

inherit v – наследовать, получать по наследству;

ancient, antique, antiquated adj

reckon v 1)подсчитывать, вычислять(неточно).

2) считать, полагать ( выражение мнения)

reckoning n вычисление, счет, подсчет

Exercise 1 . Переведите на английский язык следующие словосочетания:

богатое фольклорное наследие; хорошая наследственность; наше наследие, оставить наследство; право наследования; она унаследовала красоту матери;

вызывать озабоченность; затрагивать многие аспекты; иметь отношение; заниматься этой проблемой; неточный подсчет.

III. Presentation

1. Find the information about the history of forestry in Great Britain and complete the chronological table.

Into the Green Wood

England was once covered in primeval forest but much of this is believed to have been cleared, regenerated and maintained by the time the Romans arrived in the first century AD. Space had been created for the grazing of animals and the growing of crops, and roads had been cut through the woods and forests.

Timber had also been used for building houses and ships, making of farm implements and tools and for repair work as well as domestic fuel.

Many village settlements were sited within clearings at this time and alongside these clearings

These small monastic settlements began to be established.

Monks would cut down trees, root up bushes, tear up brambles and tangled thorns and soon convert a dense wood into an open clearing. By the time of the Norman Conquest when most English villages were in existence there were extensive forests.

Within some of these forests well protect hunting parks were established – large tracts of natural woodland and open country surrounded by a fence or a bank and a ditch. Such a park was Woodstock near Oxford which may date back to Alfred the Great.

At this time the term forest meant more than just the trees as it derived from the Latin foris which meant outside and encompassed many different landscapes.

William I, when he came to power revealed his interest in protecting his favourite sport of hunting by creating the New Forest for which he destroyed a number of villages and smallholdings.

William also established the Forest Laws.

When Henry II came to the throne the 80 Royal forests covered a third of the whole country and imposing Forest Law became impractical.

The people felt that it was worth paying fines in return for the land . Sometimes new villages were created by cutting down the woodland and these were often given names indicative of their origins such as Woodhouse, Woodcotts, Woodmancotes, Woodhall, Dean.

By the end of the 17^th century it has been estimated that about 50 per cent of England and Wales was under cultivation as arable meadow or pasture..

From this date until the 20^th century woodland resources declined reaching an all time low after World War One, as stocks already low after the industrial revolution were further depleted to provide timber for trench warfare.