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Файл:Слово в предложении. Коллективная монография
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111
-
--
игровые
pretend
to imagine that smth is true as a part of a game (LLA
,
pretend: play/ play at pretend something as part of a
game, or because you enjoy CIDEif children play or play at something,
they pretend to be a particular type of person or to do a particular thing, as a
to pretend CIDE).
Taylor 1995, 90).
pretend
112
Deborah spread the second news
section on the floor and began an elaborate fantasy that her parents had seen
performed so often they hardly noticed it. She pretended to pick clothes and
jewelry from the advertisements in the paper and to dress herself with these
pretended to put on the shoes
(Cheever).
-- -
pretend
As little girls, we played endless pretend games
(BNC); There was a pony, but it wasnt real. It was a pretend pony. It consisted
of a willowy double branch of a tree (BNC).
в играть в дочки-матери (в школу, больницу, дом, магазин,
казаки-разбойники),
at When I was young we played at pirates
whenever we were on the beach
When my sister
was little, she always wanted to play school (play doctors and nurses/ play
house/ cowboys).
(pirates, princess, cowboys)
I used to pretend Abba concerts in my
bedroom with my friends.
and pretend to be Abba (BNC).
113
Х есть У,
Он нарядился медведем
(Бабой-ягой)
-.
vs
pretend
vs
pretend
Литература
2-
23-45.
2-
-15.
. 3-
1999.
114
C. 344-359.
1999.
-47.
14. Austin, J. Pretending // Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 32. 1958. P.
261-278.
15.Ekman, P. Unmasking the Face. A Guide to Recognizing Emotions from the
Facial Clues. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, 1975.
16.Genette, G. Narrative Discourse. An Essay in Method / tr. from French by
J.E.Lewin. New York: Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, 1980.
nguistics Today.
Frankfurt am Main, 2002.
18. Ljung, . Reflections on the English Progressive // Gothenburg Studies in
English. 1980. Vol. 46. P. 48-127.
19.Searle, J.R. Mind, Language and Society. Philosophy in the Real World. N.Y.:
Basic Books, 1999.
20.Taylor, J.R. Linguistic Categorization: Prototypes in Linguistic Theory. Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 1995.
Список использованных словарей
EDEL An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language / ed. By Walter. W.
Sheat. Oxford: Clarenton Press, 1910.
LDCE Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. 3d ed. Harlow, Essex:
Longman Group Ltd., 1997.
LLA Longman Language Activator. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited, 2002.
OED The Oxford English Dictionary. A New English Dictionary on Historical
Principles: in 12 vol. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1933.
CIDE Cambridge International Dictionary of Current English. Cambridge:
Cambridge Univ. Press, 1995.
115
116
РАЗДЕЛ 2.
ЛЕКСИЧЕСКАЯ ЕДИНИЦА
В СТРУКТУРЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ
ГЛАВА VI. ПРЕДМЕТНЫЕ ИМЕНА
В ПОЗИЦИИ СЕМАНТИЧЕСКОГО АКТАНТА ПРИЧИНА:
ГДЕ ПРЯЧУТСЯ ПРЕСУППОЗИЦИИ?
Л.М. Ковалева
117
1. -
Почему ты пьешь один?
Почему ты пьешь вино один?
2. -
Как вы
тут не замерзли? Закройте,
наконец, окно.
3. -
- /
. Can you tell me the time?
B. Well, the milkman has come (Levinson 1983, 97).
118
message
(Lakoff R
,
Knightsbridge
A: John has a yacht.
B: Bill has a house in Knightsbridge.
A: Which do you think is the richer? (Kempson 1975, 160).
:
They talked about their gardens and the weather and church the next day,
and about who was definitely having a baby and who might be (Grisham).
The cavern frightened John The
cavern frightened John by being dark inside -
Lee 1971, L-74-L-
John wants a lollypop
want
residue
McCawley 1976).
-70-
119
(Fillmore 1969, 1971; Keenan 1971, 1972; Kiparsky and Kiparsky
1970; Lakoff Keenan ibid),
Lakoff 1971; R. Lakoff 1971; Chomsky
Ch. FillmoreKempson 1975, 54).
-
this
has an immediate consequence that ones grammar would not be predictive
(Kempson
(Kempson 1975, 81)*
-
, -
определяемых независимо от
значения данного акта коммуникации (a priori definition of linguistic
meaning independent of the use of sentences in communication (Kempson
*
-
120
приходит в предложение
приобретает его в
предложении
(Велосипед расстроил Ивана; Иван расстроился из-за велосипеда).
(велосипед сломался, разбился
Kovalyova 1988).
1 а. Её плач раздражает →
б. То, что она плачет, раздражает;
2 а. Её злость удивила →
б. То, что она разозлилась / была злая, удивило
-
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