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Unit 5
Feelings and emotions
5.1. Listening activity
Video watching. People Will Come. “Field of Dreams” (1989)
Task. Listen and ll in the gaps.
Mann: Ray, people will come, (1) ____________.
ey will come to Iowa for (2) ____________ they can't even fathom.
ey'll turn up your (3) ____________, not knowing for sure why they're doing it. ey'll arrive at your door as innocent as (4) ____________, longing for
the past. “Of course, we won't mind if you look (5) ____________,” you'll say.
“It's only twenty dollars per person.” ey'll pass over the money without even
(6) ____________ about it. For it is money they have and peace they lack.
Mark: Ray, just sign the (7) ____________.
Mann: And they'll walk out to the bleachers, and sit in (8) ____________
on a perfect aernoon. ey'll nd they have reserved seats somewhere along
one of the baselines, where they sat when they were children and cheered their
(9) ____________. And they'll watch the game, and it'll be as if they'd dipped
themselves in magic waters. e (10) ____________ will be so thick, they'll
have to brush them away from their faces.
(https://www.americanrhetoric.com/MovieSpeeches/
moviespeecheldofdreams.html)
Key:
1) Ray; 2) reasons; 3) driveway; 4) children; 5) around; 6) thinking; 7) papers;
8) shirt-sleeves; 9) heroes; 10) memories.
5.2. Speaking activity (Snowball discussion)
1.Answer each question on the topic given below (Feelings and emotions)
on the sheet, without writing your name on the sheet. (Use the glossary 5.
Topic. 5. Feelings and emotions).
2.When you’ve written your answers, crumple your sheet of paper into a
ball so that I’ll know when everyone is done.
3.When I say ‘go’, gently throw your snowball across the room, pick up a
new one, throw it and repeat two times and GO.
41
Unit 5. Feelings and emotions
4.Open your paper and ask each question on the snowball survey.
5.Share the answers on their sheet.
Task. Speak about questions:
1.Someone once said: “For every minute you are angry, you lose sixty se-
conds of happiness.” Do you agree?
2.Someone once said: “Anger is one letter short of danger.” Do you agree?
5.3. Translating activity
5.3.1. Translating activity (class work)
Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
1.Как известно, подэмоциями понимают процессы внутренней ре-
гуляции деятельности человека или животного, отражающие смысл,
который имеют существующие или возможные вего жизни ситуации.
2.Полагают, чтоучеловека эмоции порождают переживания удовольствия, неудовольствия, страха, робости итому подобного, играю‑
щие роль ориентирующих субъективных сигналов.
3.Однако, способа оценить наличие субъективных переживаний
(ввиду того, чтоони субъективны) уживотных научными методами
пока ненайдено.
4.Вэтом контексте важно понимать, чтосама посебе эмоция мо‑
жет, нонеобязана такое переживание порождать, исводится кпроцессу внутренней регуляции деятельности.
5.Скорее всего, эмоции эволюционно развились изпростейших врождённых эмоциональных процессов, сводящихся корганическим, двигательным исекреторным изменениям, дозначительно более сложных.
6.Вне сомнения кпервичным витальным (связанным свыживанием) эмоциям, унаследованным человеком, относятся страх, ярость, боль
итому подобные эмоции.
7.Выражение эмоций действительно имеет черты социально формирующегося, изменяющегося стечением истории языка, чтоможно
видеть изразличных этнографических описаний.
8.Впользу этого взгляда говорит также, например, своеобразная
бедность мимики услепых отрождения людей.
9.Исследователи отмечают наличие эмоций, присущих лишь определённым этническим группам и/или народам, сназваниями, непереводимыми надругие языки.
42
5.4. Translating activity
10. Вкачестве примера Британский психолог Тим Ломас (TimLomas)
приводит следующий пример: «sukha»— эмоция, подразумевающая
непреходящее ощущение счастья вне зависимости отобстоятельств.
5.3.2. Translating activity (homework). Translate the sentences from
Russian into English
1.Любопытство, как известно, бессознательное стремление кпознанию, присущее нетолько человеку, ноимногим живым существам.
2.Любопытство считается толчком кпознанию нового, вомногом
зависит от внешних факторов, окружающей среды, атакже от полученного ранее опыта субъектом познания.
3.Любопытство— интерес, лишённый рационального зерна, нолежащий воснове любого познания иявляющийся корнем любознательности.
4.Полагают, чтообида включает всебя переживание гнева кобидчи-
ку ижалости ксебе вситуации, когда ничего уже невозможно поправить.
5.Вотличие отукора ипретензии, когда есть возможность исправить ситуацию, обида рассматривается как реакция человека нанесправедливо причиненное огорчение.
6.Обида тесно связана стаким понятием, как справедливость.
7.Мы обижаемся, когда нас обделяют, как нам кажется, несправедливо.
8.Если нам недосталось что-то, посправедливости, мы можем огор‑
читься, нонеобидеться.
9.Вработах философов зависть рассматривается как общечеловеческое явление, отмечаются её деструктивные функции встремлении
обладать тем, чтопринадлежит другому.
10. Разностороннее исследование зависти как культурного феномена
было представлено Гельмутом Шеком вработ «Зависть: теория соци-
ального поведения».
.
5.4. Translating activity
5.4.1. Translating activity (class work)
Translate the text from English into Russian.
Study the words given below:
to be characterized by, to be closely linked to, according to pleasure,
displeasure, with mood, temperament, personality, rapid heartbeat
and breathing, sweating, muscle tension, disposition, feeling, behavior,
causal forces, and physiological changes, motivation
43
Unit 5. Feelings and emotions
Emotion is any conscious experience characterized by intense mental activity and a high degree of pleasure or displeasure. Scientic discourse has dried
to other meanings and there is no consensus on a denition. Emotion is oen
intertwined with mood, temperament, personality, disposition, and motivation. In some theories, cognition is an important aspect of emotion. ose
acting primarily on the emotions they are feeling may seem as if they are not
thinking, but mental processes are still essential, particularly in the interpretation of events. For example, the realization of our believing that we are in a
dangerous situation and the subsequent arousal of our body's nervous system
(rapid heartbeat and breathing, sweating, muscle tension) is integral to the
experience of our feeling afraid. Other theories, however, claim that emotion
is separate from and can precede cognition.
Emotions are complex. According to some theories, they are states of feeling
that result in physical and psychological changes that inuence our behavior.
e physiology of emotion is closely linked to arousal of the nervous system
with various states and strengths of arousal relating, apparently, to particular
emotions. Emotion is also linked to behavioral tendency. Extroverted people are more likely to be social and express their emotions, while introverted
people are more likely to be more socially withdrawn and conceal their emotions. Emotion is oen the driving force behind motivation, positive or negative. According to other theories, emotions are not causal forces but simply
syndromes of components, which might include motivation, feeling, behavior,
and physiological changes, but no one of these components is the emotion.
Nor is the emotion an entity that causes these components.
5.4.2. Translating activity (homework).
Translate the text from English into Russian.
Study the words given below:
subjective experience, attempted to identify, to consist of, emotional labels,
anger, surprise, appraisal of situations, to be characterized primarily by,
research, stimulate and elicit emotion, survival of humans, motions, responses
Emotions involve dierent components, such as subjective experience,
cognitive processes, expressive behavior, psychophysiological changes, and
instrumental behavior. At one time, academics attempted to identify the emo-
tion with one of the components: William James with a subjective experience,
behaviorists with instrumental behavior, psych physiologists with physiological changes, and so on. More recently, emotion is said to consist of all the
44
5.5. Writing activity
components. e dierent components of emotion are categorized somewhat
dierently depending on the academic discipline. In psychology and philosophy, emotion typically includes a subjective, conscious experience character-
ized primarily by psychophysiological expressions, biological reactions, and
mental states.
Research on emotion has increased signicantly over the past two decades
with many elds contributing including psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history, sociology, and computer science. e numerous
theories that attempt to explain the origin, neurobiology, experience, and
function of emotions have only fostered more intense research on this topic.
Current areas of research in the concept of emotion include the development
of materials that stimulate and elicit emotion.
“Emotions can be dened as a positive or negative experience that is asso-
ciated with a particular pattern of physiological activity.” Emotions produce
dierent physiological, behavioral and cognitive changes. e original role
of emotions was to motivate adaptive behaviors that in the past would have
contributed to the survival of humans. Emotions are responses to signicant
internal and external events.
5.5. Writing activity
Task. Write an essay. Use the writing strategy: PASS— PASS—
SYNTHESIZE (See Appendix B).
Topic s :
1.Elizabeth Kenny said: “He who angers you conquers you.” What do you
think she means by this? Do you agree?
2.A Chinese Proverb said: “Never write a letter while you are angry.” Do
you think this is good advice? Have you regretted writing an angry letter?
Instructions:
Write 200-250 words.
Use the following plan:
1)make an introduction (state the problem);
2)express your personal opinion and give 2-3 reasons for your opinion;
3)express an opposing opinion and give 1-2 reasons for this opposing
opinion;
4)explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion;
5)make a conclusion restating your position.
45
Unit 5. Feelings and emotions
5.6. Feedback on a specic activity of the Unit 5
1.Whatdo you like most about this unit?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2.Whatdo you like least aboutthis unit?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3.Do you come prepared for class? Why or why not?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4.Do you feel you are assessed fairly for your work?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5.If we do a similar activity in the future, should I consider any modications?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Part II. Tests
Practice test 1
Employment, jobs, professions
Level A
Section 1. Listening comprehension
(Use the audio le: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/
1811/181129-working-week-l.html)
Task 1. Listen to the text “Work over 80 hours a week to change the
world” and choose an appropriate answer.
1. Mr. Musk knows what he is talking about because he has his nger
____________.
A.in many spies
B.in many pays
C.in many pies
2. He is the founder, CEO and lead ____________ SpaceX.
A.designer of
B.designer o
C.designer air
3. He works very hard on many projects that have changed and could
____________.
A.change our lives
B.change our lively
C.change our relives
4. He talked about working hard in an interview with the technology
____________.
A.new website
B.mews website
C.news website
47
Practice test 1. Employment, jobs, professions
5. ere are easier places to work, but nobody ever changed the world on 40
____________.
A.hours a week
B.hours the week
C.hours of week
6.Workers at his companies also put in ____________.
A.very longer hours
B.very long ours
C.very long hours
7. Musk said “everyone” at Tesla has worked 100 hours per week _________
year.
A.at times those
B.at times these
C.at times this
8. Musk acknowledged that some Tesla employees were unhappy with
____________.
A.working so hardly
B.working so hard
C.working so harsh
9. Some workers called the hours “excessive”, while others said they
____________.
A.preference to work
B.prefer to work
C.prefers to work
10. Working hard increases above 80 hours a week, but he didn't say what
____________.
A.the pane was
B.the plane was
C.the pain was
Task 2. Listen to the text “Work over 80 hours a week to change the
world”, ll in the gaps.
One of the world's most (1) ____________ business leaders, Elon Musk,
has said that people need to work from around 80 to over 100 hours per week
48
Level A
to “change the world”. Mr. Musk knows what he is talking about because he
has his nger in many (2) ____________. He is the founder, CEO and lead
designer of SpaceX;
(3) ______________ and CEO of the car company Tesla; and the
co-founder of PayPal. He works very hard on many projects that have
changed and could (4) ___________________ our lives. He said he is
(5)_______________ but he loves what he does. He talked about working hard in an interview with the (6) ______________ news website Recode. He said: “ere are way easier places to work, but nobody ever
changed the world on 40 hours a week”. It is not just Mr. Musk who
works (7) ______________. Workers at his companies also put in
very long hours. Musk said “everyone” at Tesla has worked 100 hours
(8)_______________ week at times this year. He said this was necessary to
make sure the Tesla Model 3 car could (9) ____________. He said: “ere
wasn't some other way to do this”. Musk acknowledged that some Tesla
(10)______________________ were unhappy with working so hard. He said
some workers called the hours “excessive”, while others said they prefer to
work 70 or more hours per week. Musk said the “pain level” of working hard
increases above 80 hours a week, but he didn't say what the pain was. e average CEO of a multi-billion-dollar company works around 70 hours a week.
Task 3. Listen to the text “Work over 80 hours a week to change the
world.” Guess if a‑e below are true (T) or false (F).
A.e article called Elon Musk a successful business leader. T/F
B.e article says Mr. Musk has his nger in many pies. T/F
C.Mr. Musk helped to start the company PayPal. T/F
D.Mr. Musk said his companies are the easiest companies to work for. T/F
E.Workers at Musk's companies do not work more than 80 hours a week. T/F
! Check yourself
Task 1.
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. A
6. C 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. C
Task 2.
(1)Successful, (2) pies, (3) the co-founder, (4) change, (5) a workaholic,
(6)the technology, (7) hard, (8) per, (9) survive, (10) employees.
49
Practice test 1. Employment, jobs, professions
Task 3.
A— T B— T C— T D— F E— F
Section 2. Speaking
Task 1. Answer the questions.
1.What kind of leader did the article say Elon Musk was?
2.How many hours have workers at Tesla worked at times this year?
3.What did some Tesla workers say they preferred?
4.When did Mr. Musk say the “pain level” increases?
5.How long does the average CEO of a multi-billion-dollar company work?
Task 2. Discuss the questions with your partner.
1.Is unemployment a problem in Russia?
2.Do you ever take any notice of employment statistics?
3.Would you like to be self-employed?
4.Do you think young people care enough about their employment prospects?
5.Which countries and companies do you think oer the best employ-
ment opportunities?
Task 3. Comment on a quotation on a problem of unemployment.
ink of the following:
1.What does this make you think of?
2.Do you agree or disagree and why?
3.How does this relate to the theme of the class or class discussion?
4.Any reections?
5.Is it surprising and why or why not?
6.Use the words: I think that…; It seems to me that…; is implies that….
Quotations:
1. Whatever your life's work is, do it well. A man should do his job so well that
the living, the dead, and the unborn could do it no better.” (Martin Luther King)
2. “When you are asked if you can do a job, tell 'em, 'Certainly I can!' en
get busy and nd out how to do it.” (eodore Roosevelt)
Section 3. Translating from Russian into English
1.Как известно, втрадиционных обществах заработная плата зара-
боту невыплачивалась, так как деньги вообще неиспользовались.
50