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Файл:Новый тренажер по английскому языку от простого к сложному
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yesterday вчера
in 1945 в 1945 году и т.д.
We began the experiment three days ago.
Мы начали эксперимент три дня назад.
I returned home yesterday.
Я возвратился домой вчера.
3. С вопросительными словами when.
When did you return home? Когда ты вернулся?
4. Для выражения ряда последовательно совершившихся
действий в прошлом.
We went to the park, walked down to the fountain and sat
down on a stone seat.
Мы отправились в парк, дошли до фонтана и сели на ка-
менную скамью.
Упражнение 1. Раскройте скобки употребляя глаголы в
Past Simple.
1. I … ( to write) a few letters yesterday.
2. We … ( to drink) some water.
3. They … (to come) home late last night.
4. She … ( to go) abroad last week.
5. I … ( to be) hungry so I … (to eat) some bread and cheese.
6. You… ( to work) at school 3 years ago?
7. We … ( to study) at university in 1998.
8. My daughter … (not to like) milk in her childhood.
9. When you… (to leave) your school?
10. I … ( to leave) school last year.
The Verb «to be» in the Past Simple Tense
Глагол «to be» в прошедшем простом времени изменяет
свою форму по лицам и числам. Имеет только две формы:
«was – был» для I, he, she, it и «were – были» для We, you,
they.
Утвердительное Вопросительное Отрицательное
I was Was I? I was not (wasn’t)
YOU were Were you? YOU were not (weren’t)
НЕ, SHE, IT was Was he, she, it? HE, SHE, IT was not
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Утвердительное Вопросительное Отрицательное
WE were Were we? We were not
YOU were Were you? You were not
They were Were they? They were not
Was he a student?
He was a student.
He wasn’t a student.
Также, как и в настоящем времени, глагол «to be» для
образования вопросительной и отрицательной формы не требует вспомогательного глагола. Чтобы задать вопрос, достаточно глагол «to be» поставить перед подлежащим; а чтобы
образовать отрицательную форму, нужно поставить отрицание «not» после глагола «to be».
Упражнение 2. Употребите was или were.
1. What … your favourite food when you … little?
2. Who … your best friend when you … at school?
3. I … happy yesterday morning.
4. My brother … sick two days ago.
5. They … at the cinema yesterday.
6. He … at school an hour ago.
7. Kate … at the children’s camp last month.
8. Mike and Peter … at the party last night.
9. We … in Paris last year.
10. It … very hot last week.
Упражнение 3. Образуйте отрицательные предложения
с was или were и где нужно, поставьте глаголы в краткой отрицательной форме.
1. They were happy yesterday.
2. She was hungry two hours ago.
3. My favorite color was blue many years ago.
4. We were busy last week.
5. Were they in Paris last summer? No, …
6. Was she blonde last year? No, …
7. Was I tired yesterday? No, …
8. Was he at home ten minutes ago? No, …
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9. Was it cold yesterday night? No, …
10. Were you at the library last Monday? No, …
Used to
Употребление
1. Когда речь идет о привычках или действиях, которые
были в прошлом, но в настоящее время отсутствуют.
I used to smoke. Раньше я курил
2. Когда мы хотим противопоставить прошлое настоящему (очень часть с выражениями now, no longer, not any
more).
I used to play football a lot, but now I am too lazy.
Раньше (бывало) я играл в футбол, а теперь я такой ле-
нивый.
Обратите внимание: Used to – имеет только значение
прошлого. В настоящем времени не употребляется.
Вопросительная и отрицательные формы образуются при
помощи did.
Did you use to wear jeans?
Ты носил раньше джинсы?
I didn’t use to wear jeans or I used not to wear jeans.
Я раньше не носил джинсы.
После used to всегда употребляется Infinitive.
Не путайте с to get/be used to привыкать.
После to get/be used to всегда употребляется Gerund.
I am used to getting up early.
Я привык рано вставать.
I used to get up early when I worked at the plant.
Я бывало вставал рано, когда работал на заводе.
Упражнение 4. Выберите правильный вариант ответа.
1. Mary … many friends, but now she has lots of them.
1) used to have
2) didn’t use to have
3) not used to have
2. I couldn’t sleep last night at all because I … my new bed.
1) not used to
2) wasn’t used to
3) didn’t get use to
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3. When Adam got a job, he … getting up early very quickly.
1) used to 2) got used to 3) get used to
4. When I moved to Norway, it was hard for me to … cold
summer. But now I’m OK with it.
1) am used to 2) get used to 3) used to
5. I know this company, but I … work there.
1) used to 2) didn’t use to 3) didn’t used to
6. This computer is very easy to use. You … it in a day, I’m
sure.
1) got used to
2) will be get used to
3) will get used to
7. At first Michael didn’t like his new boss, but finally he
… her.
1) got used to 2) is used to 3) get used to
8. Our new colleague is very lazy and I don’t think he …
working hard in our company.
1) is used to 2) used to 3) will get used to
9. Dan … married, but now he is single again.
1) used to be 2) got used to be 3) did used to be
10. When I was a child, I … play computer games a lot.
1) used to 2) was used to 3) got used to
Упражнение 5. Выберите правильную форму used to/be
used to/get used to. Поставьте в отрицательную форму, где
это необходимо.
1. When Kate moved to England, she couldn’t … British
accent.
2. I know Mary, we … go to the same cooking class.
3. We … local food, it’s too spicy.
4. It’s difficult for American drivers to … driving on the
left side of the road in Britain.
5. Have you seen Sam’s new car? Before he got it, he’d …
get to work by bus.
6. Working overtime isn’t a problem for me. I … it. I did the
same at my previous job.
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7. When Tina lived with her parents, she … have a big house,
but now she lives in a small room and she finds it difficult … it.
8. I … working in this company very quickly, people are
very friendly here.
9. When he was younger, Mike … go camping a lot. But now
he does it very often and enjoys it so much.
10. I don’t like going to the discos because I … that kind of
music.
6.4. Прошедшее длительное время
(The Past Continuous Tense)
Образование
Past Continuous образуется при помощи глагола to be в
Simple Past и -ing формы смыслового глагола.
Повествовательные Вопросительные Отрицательные
I was sleeping Was I sleeping?
You were sleeping Were you sleeping?
He was sleeping Was he sleeping? He was not sleeping
She was sleeping Was she sleeping? She was not sleeping
It was sleeping Was it sleeping? It was not sleeping
We were sleeping Were we sleeping? We were not sleeping
You were sleeping Were you sleeping? You were not sleeping
They were sleeping Were they sleeping? They were not sleeping
I was not (wasn’t)
sleeping
You were not
(weren’t) sleeping
Краткие формы:
Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t
Yes, you were. No, you weren’t
Употребление
Past Continuous обозначает действие, происходившее в
определенный момент в прошлом, который обозначен либо
обстоятельством времени, либо другим действием в прошлом. Момент в прошлом может быть обозначен:
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1. точным указанием времени:
at 3 o’clock в 3 часа
from 10 to 12 с 10 до 12
at midnight в полночь
at that moment в этот момент
all day long весь день
all day весь день
all the time все время
the whole evening весь вечер и т.д.
I was writing a letter to my friend at 5 o’clock yesterday.
Вчера в 5 я писал письмо своему другу.
2. другим действием, выраженным глаголом в Past Simple.
I was writing a letter to my friend when my brother came.
Я как-раз писал письмо моему другу, когда пришел мой
брат.
(was writing – это процесс, came – однократное действие)
3. может употребляться для выражения двух или более параллельных действий.
I was doing my homework while he was writing a letter.
Я делал домашнее задание, в то время как он писал письмо.
Past Simple Past Continuous
1. Служит для выражения
действия, которое уже произошло и не связано с настоящим
моментом. Мы констатируем
факт прошлого.
Указатели времени:
yesterday, ago, last, the day
before yesterday, in … (дата),
on … (день).
I came home late yesterday.
Вчера я пришел домой поздно.
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1. Обозначает действие, происходившее в определенный
момент в прошлом, который
обозначен либо обстоятельством времени, либо другим
действием в прошлом.
Указатели времени:
from … till с … до …
at 3 o’clock в 3 часа
at midnight в полночь
at that moment в этот момент
all day long весь день
all the time все время
the whole evening весь вечер
I was cleaning my room the
whole day yesterday.
Я убирал свою комнату целый
день вчера.
Past Simple Past Continuous
2. Для выражения ряда последовательно совершившихся
действий в прошлом.
He bought a ticket, took the train
and went to Saint-Petersburg.
Он купил билет, сел на поезд
и уехал в Санкт-Петербург.
3. Для указания на регулярные
действия, привычки прошлого.
When we were children, we
played football every day.
Когда мы были детьми, мы
играли в футбол каждый день.
2. Для выражения двух или
более параллельных действий
в прошлом (часто с while or
when).
The student was answering the
question while the teacher was
listening.
Студент отвечал на вопрос в то
время, как преподаватель его
слушал.
We were having breakfast when
our neighbours were working in
the garden.
Мы завтракали, когда наши
соседи работали в саду.
3. В сочетании с Past Simple,
Past Continuous обозначает
длительное действие (в процесе), а Past Simple – короткое
единичное действие. В таких
предложениях единичное действие прерывает длительное.
(С союзами when (когда), as /
just as (когда, в то время как),
before (перед тем как), after
(после того как), while (в то
время как), until (пока не).
We were laying the table before
her parents arrived.
Мы накрывали на стол, перед
тем как пришли ее родители.
Упражнения 1. Поставьте did, was, were вместо пропу-
сков.
1. … you have a good time?
2. What time … you leave for school?
3. … you staying in the hotel?
4. I … n’t eating.
5. What … you do then?
6. Why … they sitting there?
7. What … you say?
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8. Why … he working the hole evening yesterday?
9. She … n’t understand?
10. I … n’t having a bath.
Упражнение 2. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в
Past Simple или Past Continuous.
1. I … (to do) my homework the whole evening yesterday.
2. I … (to do) my homework when my mother came home.
3. I … (to do) my homework yesterday.
4. I … (to do) my homework from four till six yesterday.
5. I … (to do) my homework at six o’clock yesterday.
6. I … (not to play) the piano yesterday.
7. I … (not to play) the piano at four o’clock yesterday.
8. What you … (to do) at 3 o’clock yesterday?
9. He … (not to sleep) when father came home.
10. When I … (to go) to school the day before yesterday,
I … (to meet) Mike and Pete. They … (to talk) and … (to laugh).
11. When I … (to come) to my friend’s place, he … (to
watch) TV.
12. When Nick … (to run) about in the yard, he … (to fall).
13. When I … (to get) up, my mother and father … (to drink)
tea.
14. When I … (to wash) the floor, I … (to find) my old toy
under the sofa.
15. When I … (to see) my friends, they … (to play) football.
Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в
Past Simple или Past Continuous.
1. Tim … (to wait) for me when I … (to arrive).
2. I … (not to drive) very fast when the accident … (to hap-
pen).
3. I … (to break) a cup last night. I … (do) the washing up
when it … (to slip) out of my hand.
4. Tom … (take) a photograph of me while I … (not to look).
5. I … (not to go) out because it … (rain).
6. What … (you, do) at this time last sunday?
7. I … (see) Carol at the party. She … (wear) a really beauti-
ful blonse.
8. Ann … (go) to a party at Sally’s apartment last Saturday
night.
9. Bill … (arrive) here three days ago.
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10. When the bell … (ring), Sveta … (jump) from her seat
and … (run) from the room.
Упражнение 4. Выберите правильный вариант ответа.
1. Steve … me at 9.30 last night.
1) called 2) calls 3) used to called 4) calling
2. Mary didn’t hear the phone. She … .
1) sleeps 3) used to sleep
2) slept 4) was sleeping
3. There … a lot of people in the park yesterday.
1) are 3) was
2) is 4) were
4. One day last April, I … a very strange letter.
1) did get 3) used to get
2) got 4) was getting
5. Where … to school?
1) did you go 3) you go
2) you did go 4) you went
6. Tim didn’t … in Australia.
1) lived 3) used to live
2) use to live 4) used to living
7. Mike left the class early because he … a headache.
1) had 3) used to have
2) have 4) was having
8. As soon as the lights turned red, he … the car.
1) did stop 3) stops
2) stopped 4) was stopping
9. They … when the fire alarm rang.
1) cook 3) was cooking
2) cooked 4) were cooking
10. Pete … the paper when I interrupted him.
1) read 3) was reading
2) reads 4) were reading
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11. – Did you watch TV last night?
– … . I was revising for a test.
1) Yes, I did. 3) No, I didn’t.
2) Yes, I was. 4) No, I wasn’t.
12. I remember you. You … to go to school here.
1) use 3) were using
2) used 4) were used
Упражнение 5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в
Past Simple или Past Continuous.
1. A: What … (you, to do) when the accident occurred?
B: I … (to try) to change a light bulb that had burnt out.
2. Sandy is in the living room watching television. At this
time yesterday, she … (to watch, also) television.
3. A: I … (to call) you last night after dinner, but you … (not
to be) there. Where were you?
4. When I … (to walk) into the busy office, the secretary …
(to talk) on the phone.
5. I … (to watch) a mystery movie on T.V. when the electricity
… (to go) out.
6. The Titanic … (to cross) the Atlantic when it … (to strike)
an iceberg.
7. Samantha … (to live) in Berlin more than two years. In
fact, she … (to live) there when the Berlin wall … (to come)
down.
8. George… (to fall) off the ladder while he … (to paint) the
roof.
9. Last night I … (to read) in bed when suddenly I … (to hear)
a whistle.
10. … (You, to watch) television when I phoned you?
Упражнение 6. Выберите правильный вариант ответа.
1. My friends … football while I … my textbook.
1) played / was reading
2) were playing / was reading
3) were playing / read
2. We … breakfast when our neighbours … in the garden.
1) were having / worked
2) had / were working
3) were having / were working
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