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Файл:Английский язык. Устная речь. Ч.2. Учебное пособие для студентов 1 курса 2 семестра гуманитарного института
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the Council of the European Union – Совет Европейского
1. entity
a) a number or amount of something
союза
the European Commission – Комиссия Европейского
союза
the Court of Auditors – Суд аудиторов
3. Найдите пары синонимов и запишите их в
тетрадь.
Set up, frequently, safe, eliminate, particular, last, secure,
create, certain, often, remove, continue.
4. Найдите пары антонимов и запишите их в
тетрадь.
Peace, continue, external, abolish, secure, war, finish,
unsafe, common, internal, different, create.
5. Переведите следующие слова. Почему их можно
перевести без словаря?
Economically, politically, culminate, transform, partnership,
euro, tariff, immigration, invest, individual, finance,
commission, Christianity, Catholicism, Protestantism, Islam,
Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism.
6. Заполните пропуски предлогами, данными в
рамочке, и переведите предложения.
in, into, from, towards, for, between, throughout
1. West European nations created the Council of Europe
………… 1949. 2. It was the first step …………
cooperation among countries. 3. The EU managed to evolve
………… a trade body ………… an economic and
governmental partnership. 4. The Schengen Agreement has
abolished passport control ………… the EU member states.
5. The policies and laws apply ………… the EU. 6. The EU
has no official capital and its institutions are divided
………… several cities.
7. Сопоставьте слова, данные в левом столбике, с
определениями, данными в правом столбике.
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available for sharing
2. supranational
b) a separate unit that is complete and has
its own character
3. eliminate
c) if a court of law upholds something such
as a claim, it says that it is correct
4. abolish
d) relating to or involving more than one
country
5. asylum
e) the place where an activity or event
happens
6. uphold
f) the right to stay in a country, given by a
government to protect someone who has
escaped from war or political trouble in
their own country
7. venue
g) to get rid of something that is not wanted
or needed
8. pool
h) to officially get rid of a law, system,
practice
8. Переведите предложения с английского языка на
русский.
1. The two countries fight for the right to become separate
entities. 2. Many infectious diseases have been eliminated.
3. The government should abolish income tax for the lowpaid. 4. The Home Secretary's decision was upheld by the
House of Lords. 5. Britain abolished slavery in 1807. 6.
More than half a million people sought asylum in Europe
last year.
9. Прочитайте текст.
The European Union
The EU is the largest political and economic entity on
the European continent. The EU is a supranational and
intergovernmental union of democratic member states which
are located primarily in Europe.
63
The European Union was set up to end frequent and
bloody wars between neighbours, which had culminated into
World War II. It was important to rebuild Europe
eliminating the possibility of another World War.
Thus, West European nations created the Council of
Europe in 1949. It was the first step towards cooperation
among countries. In 1950, the European Coal and Steel
Community united European countries economically and
politically in order to secure lasting peace. The six founders
were Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the
Netherlands.
In 1957, the Treaty of Rome created the European
Economic Community (EEC), or the ‘Common Market’.
Later it was transformed into to the European Community.
As for the European Union, it was established in 1993 by
the Treaty of Maastricht. Thus, the EU managed to evolve
from a trade body into an economic and governmental
partnership.
The Union has a single market consisting of a Customs
union with a single currency called the euro – the official
currency of the Eurozone. It has a common agricultural,
trade and fisheries policy, a common external customs
tariff, a common position in the international trade
negotiations, a Common Foreign and Security Policy, a
common policy on asylum and immigration and a common
funding of research and technological development.
The Schengen Agreement has abolished passport
control for the EU member states. Customs checks have
been abolished at many of the EU's internal borders,
creating a single area of free movement for the EU citizens
to live, travel, work and invest.
The EU's decision-making process in general and the codecision procedure in particular involve three main
institutions.
64
1. the European Parliament (EP), which represents
the EU’s citizens and is directly elected by them;
2. the Council of the European Union, which
represents the individual member states;
3. the European Commission, which seeks to uphold
the interests of the Union as a whole.
This ‘institutional triangle’ produces the policies and
laws that apply throughout the EU. In principle, it is the
Commission that proposes new laws, but it is Parliament
and Council that adopt them. The Commission and the
member states then implement them, and the Commission
ensures that the laws are properly taken on board. There
are two other institutions that have a vital part to play: the
Court of Justice upholds the rule of European law, and the
Court of Auditors checks the financing of the Union’s
activities.
The EU has no official capital and its institutions are
divided between several cities: Brussels, Luxembourg,
Strasbourg and Frankfurt.
1. Brussels is the seat of the European Commission
(staff of about 18,000) and the Council of Ministers. It is
also the venue of the European Parliament's committee
meetings and mini-sessions. Since 2004 it has become the
host city for all European Council summits.
2. Strasbourg is the seat of the European Parliament
(785 members) and the venue of its twelve week-long
plenary sessions each year. Strasbourg is also the seat of the
Council of Europe and the European Court of Human
Rights, which are not the bodies of the EU.
3. Luxembourg City is the seat of the European Court
of Justice, the European Court of Auditors, the Secretariat of
the European Parliament and the European Investment
Bank.
4. Frankfurt is the seat of the European Central Bank.
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The European Union law is the first and the only
example of a supranational legal framework. Becoming the
EU members, sovereign nation states pool their authority for
the mutual social and economic benefit of their peoples.
The EU has significant religious diversity, mirroring its
diverse history and culture. A nominal majority of the
population professes Christianity, (predominantly Roman
Catholicism, Protestantism and Eastern Orthodoxy), Islam,
Buddhism, Hinduism and Judaism.
The European Union has the largest economy in the
world considered as a single entity. The EU has 23 official
languages and three official alphabets: Latin, Greek and
Cyrillic. There are only three internal working languages in
the European Commission: English, French and German.
10. Восстановите хронологическую
последовательность событий.
1. The European Coal and Steel Community united
European countries economically and politically in order to
secure lasting peace.
2. The European Union was established by the Treaty of
Maastricht.
3. The Treaty of Rome created the European Economic
Community.
4. West European nations created the Council of Europe.
11. Скажите, в каких городах и странах
располагаются следующие институты Евросоюза и
происходят следующие события.
the European Central Bank, the European Commission, the
Council of Ministers, the European Court of Auditors, the
European Court of Justice, the European Investment Bank,
the European Parliament, the Secretariat of the European
Parliament, the European Council summits, the European
Parliament twelve week-long plenary sessions, the European
Parliament's committee meetings and mini-sessions
66
12. Прочитайте следующие предложения и
определите, какие из них не соответствует
информации в тексте. Исправьте их.
1. The European Union was set up to end frequent and
bloody wars between neighbours. 2. The European Union
was established in 1993 by the Treaty of Rome. 3.
Strasbourg is the seat of the Council of Europe and the
European Court of Human Rights, which are the bodies of
the EU. 4. The EU has significant religious diversity,
mirroring its diverse history and culture. 5. The EU has 23
official languages and three official alphabets: Latin, Greek
and Cyrillic. 6. There are 23 internal working languages in
the European Commission.
13. Используя следующие словосочетания, докажите,
что Евросоюз имеет некоторые признаки
государства.
a single market; a single currency called the euro; a common
agricultural, trade and fisheries policy; a common external
customs tariff; a common position in international trade
negotiations; a Common Foreign and Security Policy; a
common policy on asylum and immigration; a common
funding of research and technological development; a
common territory; no passport control for the EU member
states; a single area of free movement for the EU citizens to
live, travel, work and invest.
14. Переведете предложения с русского языка на
английский.
1. Европейский союз – крупнейшее политическое и
экономическое образование на Европейском
континенте. 2. Европейский союз – это
наднациональный межправительственный союз
государств. 3. В процессе развития Евросоюз
превратился из торговой организации в экономическое
и правительственное партнерство. 4. Законодательство
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Евросоюза – первый и единственный пример
наднационального правового пространства. 5.
Становясь членами Евросоюза, суверенные государства
объединяют свои полномочия во благо социального и
экономического благополучия своих народов. 6.
Европейский союз имеет самую крупную экономику в
мире, которая рассматривается как единое образование.
15. Установите правильную последовательность
частей текста.
1. History of European countries cooperation.
2. Religious and language diversity.
3. The EU’s decision-making institutions.
4. The goal of the European Union creation.
5. The main characteristics of the European Union.
6. The venues of the EU’s institutions.
16. Почитайте текст второй раз и ответьте на
вопросы
1. What kind of entity is the EU?
2. What is the primary goal of the EU?
3. What does the term “Common market” mean?
4. What is the official currency of the Eurozone?
5. What opportunities does the Schengen Agreement give to
the EU member states?
6. What are the main institutions of the EU?
7. What is the Court of Justice responsible for?
8. What is the Court of Auditors responsible for?
9. What can be said about the European Union law?
10. What are the internal working languages in the European
Commission?
17. Опираясь на информацию текста, сделайте
краткое сообщение по данной теме.
18. Найдите в сети Интернет интересные факты о
данной международной организации или сообщите
известные вам сведения, не вошедшие в текст.
68
19. Составьте аннотацию к тексту.
to go back
to have existed since or for a particular
Unit III. Interpol
1. Запишите данные слова в тетрадь и запомните их.
combat – сражаться, вести бой
governance – правление, власть
vote – голос
execution – исполнение
smuggler – контрабандист
flee – бежать
counterfeiter – фальшивомонетчик
2. Запишите и запомните следующие словосочетания
и их перевод.
liaison office – группа связи
the General Assembly – Генеральная ассамблея
the Executive Committee – Исполнительный комитет
the General Secretariat – Генеральный секретариат
3. Найдите пары синонимов и запишите их в
тетрадь.
comprise, combat, conform, flee, help, consist of, fight,
goal, comply, go away, facilitate, aim
4. Найдите пары антонимов и запишите их в
тетрадь.
prevent, different, dismiss, appoint, safe, facilitate, similar,
insecure
5. Переведите следующие слова. Почему их можно
перевести без словаря?
Mission, crime, criminal, police, diplomatic, congress,
constitution, committee, president, vice-president, policy,
secretariat, official, bureau, banknote, culture
6. Изучите таблицу, в которой описаны значения
глаголов, встречающихся в тексте, в сочетании с
определенными предлогами.
69
time
to date from
to be made at a particular time in the past
to conform
with/to
to obey something such as a rule or law
to carry out
to do a particular piece of work, research;
to do something that you have said you
will do or that you have been told to do
to deal with
to take action to do something, especially
to solve a problem
to keep in touch
with
to continue to write or speak to someone
although you do not see them often
7. Заполните пропуски в предложениях, подставив
in charge of
if you are in charge, you have control over
someone or something and are responsible for
them
responsible
for
someone who is responsible for someone or
something is in charge of them and must
make sure that what they do or what happens
глаголы из левого столбика таблицы, приведенной в
упражнении 7. Используйте нужную форму глагола.
1. All fireworks must ………… safety standards. 2. An
investigation is being ………… by the Interpol. 3. I expect
my instructions to be ………… to the letter. 4. I spent the
morning ………… my emails. 5. My interest in the subject
………… many years. 6. The building work was …………
by a local contractor. 7. The government must now
………… the problem of high unemployment. 8. These
sculptures must ………… the middle of the 7th century. 9.
They moved away five years ago, but we still …………
them.
8. Прочитайте определения к словосочетаниям и
скажите, являются ли эти словосочетания
синонимичными.
70
to them is right or satisfactory
Заполните пропуски в предложениях
словосочетаниями из левого столбика таблицы.
1. Philip's ………… our marketing department. 2. The
manager is ………… the general running of the theatre. 3.
Who's ………… the investigation?
9. Преобразуйте предложения в страдательный
залог. Обратите внимание, что действующее лицо
вводится предлогом by.
1. The Interpol is carrying out an investigation. 2. He heads
the work of the management team. 3. Large majority elected
him to Parliament. 4. A local contractor carried out the
building work. 5. They carried out my instructions to the
letter.
10. Прочитайте текст.
The International Criminal Police Organisation
(Interpol)
Interpol is the world’s largest international police
organisation, with 188 member countries. Created in 1923,
it facilitates cross-border police co-operation, supports and
assists all organisations, authorities and services whose
mission is to prevent or combat international crime. Interpol
aims to facilitate international police co-operation even
where diplomatic relations do not exist between particular
countries.
Interpol goes back to 1914, when the First International
Criminal Police Congress was held in Monaco. Its present
constitution dates from 1956.
Interpol's main governance comprises the General
Assembly and the Executive Committee headed by the
President.
As Interpol's supreme governing body, the General
Assembly meets once a year and makes all the major
decisions affecting general policy. It also elects the
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