Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:English for students of environmental design. Учебное пособие
.pdf
Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
высшего образования
«Оренбургский государственный университет»
А.С. Быкова, Ю.С. Елагина
ENGLISH FOR STUDENTS OF
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
Учебное пособие
Рекомендовано ученым советом федерального государственного бюджетного
образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Оренбургский
государственный университет» для обучающихся по образовательным программам
высшего образования по направлению подготовки 54.03.01 Дизайн
Оренбург
2024
2
УДК 811.111:721.012(075.8)
ББК 81.432.1я73
Б95
Рецензент – доцент, доктор филологических наук Люлина А.В.
Б95
Быкова, А. С.
English for students of environmental design [Электронный ресурс]:
учебное пособие / А.С. Быкова, Ю.С. Елагина; Оренбургский
гос. ун-т. – Электрон. текстовые дан. (1 файл: 1,2 Мб). – Оренбург:
ОГУ, 2024. – 1 электрон. опт. диск (CD-R): зв., цв.; 12 см. –
Системные требования: Intel Core или аналогич.; Microsoft
Windows 7, 8, 10; 512 Mб; монитор, поддерживающий режим
1024х768; мышь или аналогич. устройство. – Загл. с этикетки
диска.
ISBN 978-5-7410-3239-8
Данное учебное пособие представляет собой подборку текстов,
упражнений по темам “ Work. Career. Hobby”, “Landscape architecture”,
“Landscape design”, “Modern architecture building” для обучающихся по
направлению подготовки 54.03.01 Дизайн 1-2 курса.
Предлагаемый в учебном пособии учебный материал направлен на
развитие аналитических, переводческих и коммуникативных умений
студентов. Предназначено для использования на практических занятиях
по английскому языку.
УДК 11.111:721.012(075.8)
ББК 81.432.1я73
©Быкова А.С.,
Елагина Ю.С., 2024
ISBN 978-5-7410-3239-8
© ОГУ, 2024
3
Содержание
Введение ................................................................................................................... 4
1 Unit 1 Freelancing vs Office Job ........................................................................... 6
2 Unit 2 Choosing Between Career and Family ..................................................... 17
3 Unit 3 Work-Life Balance .................................................................................... 27
4 Unit 4 Landscape Architecture ............................................................................. 35
5 Unit 5 What is Landscape Architecture? ............................................................. 43
6 Unit 6 History of Landscape Architecture ........................................................... 49
7 Unit 7 Principles of Landscape Design ................................................................ 55
8 Unit 8 Landscape Design Software ...................................................................... 63
9 Unit 9 Horticulture ............................................................................................... 74
10 Unit 10 Passive Solar Building .......................................................................... 82
11 Unit 11 Sci-Fi Design Concept .......................................................................... 92
12 Unit 12 The Michael Schumacher World Champion Tower ........................... 103
13 Unit 13 Skyscraper Farms ................................................................................ 112
14 Unit 14 Modern Green Homes ......................................................................... 120
Список использованных источников ................................................................ 130
4
Введение
Данное учебное пособие составлено в рамках ООП по дисциплине
«Иностранный язык» и предназначено для обучения студентов чтению,
пониманию, прямому и обратному переводу оригинальных текстов в сфере
дизайна на английском языке. Текстовый материал пособия направлен на
развитие аналитических, переводческих и коммуникативных умений
студентов.
Целью пособия является развитие профессионально-ориентированной
иноязычной компетентности студентов 1 и 2 курсов, по направлению
подготовки 54.03.01 Дизайн. Пособие состоит из 14 разделов, каждый из
которых включает аутентичные тексты и послетекстовые задания, упражнения
для формирования навыков устной и письменной речи, аудирования, чтения.
Пособие направлено на обучение студентов профиля образовательной
программы: Дизайн среды. В пособии представлены темы, изучаемые во
втором и третьем семестре дисциплины.
Каждый раздел состоит из тематического текста, тренировочных
послетекстовых заданий на закрепление лексического, грамматического
материала, представленного в тексте. Более того, в разделе предложены
упражнения, направленные на развитие умений по работе с текстом и
аудитивных навыков. В пособии предлагаются термины и выражения,
наиболее употребляемые в сфере дизайна.
Практическая ценность пособия заключается в наличии аутентичного
материала, системы разнообразных упражнений на развитие аналитических и
коммуникативных умений, а также умений обобщать, анализировать и
воспринимать информацию, умений выстраивать логически верную и
аргументированную устную и письменную речь, навыков прямого и обратного
перевода текстов по специальности с использованием профессиональной
терминологии как в аудитории под контролем преподавателя, так и
самостоятельно. Материалы пособия направлены не только на расширение
5
лингвистических, но и профессионально-ориентированных знаний средствами
английского языка в процессе выполнения коммуникативных заданий.
6
1 Unit 1 Freelancing vs Office Job
Text
Freelancing vs Office Job: Pros and Cons
The debate on freelance vs. office job is a long and exhausting as each man is
different and everyone likes different things. Each type of job has its own advantages
and disadvantages, and it is just a matter of opinion and what people want and prefer.
Freelancing
Well, the first thing that comes to our mind is the freedom you won since you
can organize your time for work, tasks, and projects. In-office jobs tie you to work
for just one company, while the freelancing offers you the possibility to work for as
many clients as you want. In addition, you do not need to follow any office rules,
dress code or any other type of regulation which may be a better choice for some
people that are not fans of the traditional job setting and environment.
No one controls your time and schedule, as long as you fulfill your daily
tasks/requirements. However, do have in mind that a severe deadline may force you
to cancel all your plans and activities for a day that you have planned out.
You do not have to follow any of the official rules and politics. To put it
simply – you are on your own, and no one will tell you that you forgot to put on a
tie, so you have the full freedom to look whatever you like and wear whatever you
want.
When it comes to the bad things about this type of work, we cannot lie and
say that there are not some of these.
You are on your own, meaning you pay for all your benefits. That includes
covering your health expenses in case of injury, regular pay when you are on
vacation, the paid absence from work when you are pregnant, and the full program
for your retirement.
Your income is totally unpredictable, as no one guarantees you a job. You
work as long as your client needs you and has a job for you.
7
You motivate yourself, as a client will find other workers for the job if you do
not do your best. Of course, this is pretty much the same story in regular office jobs,
but at least you do not need to find yourself projects and tasks to work on.
Work in the office
If you like to work “seven to three” and be part of the social group, then the
office job is something you definitely like. You are not required to find new clients
and assignments, and you need not care about your money. Just do your job, and you
will get paid. From this point of view, we could say that this type offers more
stability but also requires you to participate in many things that you do not deal with
when you work from home.
The salary-employment offers you full benefits like health insurance, a paid
vacation, and the retirement program after you finish your career. You know your
schedule every week, and you can plan more easily.
When it comes to the financial department, you get your salary in the same
amount every month, so you do not need to worry about anything. Regardless of
whether you had three assignments this month, you will still get the pay that you
agreed to.
You belong to the team of workers, and you can assign yourself in a group.
You will need to attend teambuilding activities and participate in social events. So
you fall into one of the several social/class groups.
Or maybe you don’t want to?
You have the full commitment and the clearly defined working hours you
must respect. Plus, you must follow the politics of the office and respect the rules.
Not to mention that you work every day, whether you want or not.
Office jobs offer no flexibility! If you are sick, you have to go to work. In case
you are really sick, you can stay at home, but you will need a doctor’s agreement
about your bad health condition.
You will have to respect the code and follow the job politics if you want to
stay on the job. Simply not attractive to some people who are accustomed to working
in slippers and regular shorts.
8
Work everyday! Getting up at 8AM every day and going to your office is
something you must comply with if you are not the freelancer. If you do not show
up, you are risking to get fired!
In the end, the worst way to live is not to have any type of job. Before you
start working, you will need to invest a lot of discipline and will in order to be a good
worker. From there, you can choose whether you want to work from home any time
you want, or you want to work in the well-structured group where you must follow
the rules and codes. But before you decide this, make sure you define your goals,
and be aware of things you do not want since that will help you to understand
whether you should be the part of freelancing community or not.
1.1 Vocabulary exercises
1.1.1 Transcribe and translate the following words and phrases.
Assignment, benefit, environment, exhausting, flexibility, politics, pregnant,
regulation, requirement, schedule, stability, unpredictable.
1.1.2 Fill in the gaps using vocabulary list of the previous exercise. Translate
the sentences into Russian.
1. An appropriate … should be established for the duration and intervals of refresher
training courses.
2. An … of the sale to the Qualified Intermediary is required.
3. Another unique … is early retirement.
4. It was … and had 4 lovely kittens.
5. It's totally …, so nobody knows.
6. Keep your … as free of stress as possible.
7. Putin pursues consistent and flexible policy, but … has limits.
8. Some will have a higher post … than others.
9. Staff are not limited to a post and the characteristics of a particular post should
not have an impact on career prospects or job ….
10. The … of work is preferably free but, if necessary, you can agree on the required
… (days and hours).
9
11. Truck driving is an … job that requires constant attention to the road.
12. You have to understand the … of the company and the management structure
before running around and saying what doesn't work.
1.1.3 Translate the following sentences using the vocabulary list of exercise
1.1.
1. Я хотел получить задание, и в качестве расплаты за свои грехи я получил
его.
2. Данная льгота действует до достижения ребенком возраста одного года.
3. Помните, что дети лучше всех могут создать окружение, которое им нужно.
4. «О, Господи, – подумал он, – какую трудную специальность избрал я себе».
5. Гибкость, однако, может создать свои проблемы.
6. Руководство компании продолжало проводить такую политику, которая
делала будущее Apple II совершенно неопределенным.
7. Мы поженились в такой рекордной спешке только потому, что ты была
беременна.
8. Это обязательное правило для всех работодателей.
9. Но в дальнейшем это требование может быть изменено.
10. Он очень надеется, что его рабочий график совпадет с расписанием его
подруги.
11. Это отличная новость для тех, кто ищет работу начального уровня,
карьерные достижения и стабильность работы в целом.
12. Сельское хозяйство – непредсказуемый бизнес.
1.1.4 Match words from 2 columns to form phrases from the text, find
sentences in which they were used.
1. dress
a. activities
2. health
b. code
3. financial
c. commitment
4. full
d. department
5. health
e. -employment
10
6. job
f. events
7. office
g. expenses
8. paid
h. group
9. regular
i. insurance
10. retirement
j. pay
11. salary
k. politics
12. social
l. program
13. social
m. rules
14. teambuilding
n. vacation
1.1.5 Do the word-building task.
Verb
Noun
Adjective
pay
financial
activity
social
employment
invest
1.1.6 Make your own sentences with the words from exercise 1.15.
1.1.8 Give a word or a phrase from the text to each definition.
a. is the money that someone is paid each month by their employer, especially when
they are in a profession such as teaching, law, or medicine.
b. an advantage or profit gained from something.
c. a noun which is used to talk about the ways that power is shared in an organization
and the ways it is affected by personal relationships between people who work
together.
d. the process of encouraging members of a group to work well together, for example
by having them take part in activities or games.
e. an arrangement in which you make regular payments to an insurance company in
exchange for that company paying most or all of the costs of your medical care.
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]