Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:English for Special Purposes. Language of Chemistry. Tutorial
.pdf
The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
Kazan National Research Technological University
A. R. Nurutdinova, G. V. Romanova
ENGLISH FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES
LANGUAGE OF CHEMISTRY
Tutorial
Kazan
KNRTU Press
2017
2
UDC 81’25:811.111(075.8)
Nurutdinova A. R.
English for Special Purposes. Language of Chemistry : Tutorial /
A. R. Nurutdinova, G. V. Romanova; The Ministry of Education
and Science of the Russian Federation, Kazan National Research
Technological University. – Kazan : KNRTU Press, 2017. – 144 p.
ISBN 978-5-7882-2185-4
2
BBK 81.2Англ-7я73
Published by the decision of the Editorial Review Board
of the Kazan National Research Technological University
Reviewers:
D.Sc in Education, Kazan Federal University, Prof. E. M. Galishnikova
D.Sc in Education, Kazan State Conservatoire named after N. Zhiganov,
Prof. I. I. Galimzyanova
The tutorial is intended for undergraduate training courses – 18.03.01
“Chemical technology”, as well as for candidates and researchers who are
preparing for the Masters or PhD examination in the English language; for training
courses on “The Specialized Professionally Focused Translation (English)” and
“The English language (technical translation)”; for students obtaining additional
qualification “Translator in the sphere of professional communication”, and for
independently self-study English course.
Assignments for workshops and independent work are directed to formation
of skills in reading scientific and technical texts, annotating and summarizing of the
studied literature and also for development of the oral scientific speech skills.
Prepared at the department of Foreign languages for professional
communication.
UDC 81’25:811.111(075.8)
BBK 81.2Англ-7я73
ISBN 978-5-7882-2185-4 © Nurutdinova A. R., Romanova G. V., 2017
© Kazan National Reseach Technological
University, 2017
3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD
5
UNIT 1. PROFESSIONS IN CHEMISTRY
7
Text A. The world of chemistry
9
Text B. Career opportunities in chemistry
11
Text C. Professions in Chemical Engineering
15
Text D. Chemistry careers: Chemical Technology
19
UNIT 2. RECRUITMENT: HEAD-HUNTING
APPLICATION PROCESS, BUSINESS ETIQUETTE
22
Text A. How to apply for a job
24
Text B. Prepare for a job interview
30
Text C. The day of the interview
31
Text D. The day after the interview
35
CONSOLIDATION ONE
37
Text 1. Educational requirements for a career in chemistry
43
Text 2. Career opportunities for chemists: what can you do
45
Text 3. Writing application letter: structure
49
Text 4. Format for the curriculum vitae (CV)
53
Text 5. Cultural competence model: essential principles
57
UNIT 3. TEAMWORK, TELEPHONING, NEGOTIATION
62
Text A. Characteristics of effective teams
63
Text B. Teamwork
65
Text C. How to make a successful negotiation
66
Text D. Telephoning etiquette
69
UNIT 4. FOREIGN AND LOCAL COMPANIES
IN CHEMICAL PRODUCTION
77
Text A. Largest chemical producers of the world
84
Text B. The European chemical industry
85
Text C. China is taking steps to assure profitable growth
87
Text D. Overview of the oil and gas sectors in Saudi Arabia
90
4
CONSOLIDATION TWO
92
Text 1. Team development stages / models
94
Text 2. A future that limits fossil fuels?
105
Text 3. Cultural diversity barriers: U.S. mainstream culture
109
Text 4. The most valuable skills in oil and gas
110
Text 5. Industrial framework of Russia
113
REFERENCES
115
APPENDIX I. PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION
1. Reseach Report Writing
117
2. Basic Framework for a Research Report Writing
119
3. Instructions for Newspaper Analysis
121
4. Instructions for Comparative Newspaper Analysis
122
APPENDIX II. SUPPLEMENTARY READING
ON CHEMICAL INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVES
Text 1. Chemical Trends in 2015
123
Text 2. Oil and Gas Trends in 2015
128
Text 3. Chemical Trends in 2016
131
Text 4. Oil and Gas Trends in 2016
136
Text 5. Chemical Industry vision 2030
140
4
5
FOREWORD
5
This book includes practical material of professional English in the
field of chemistry initially designed for students of Kazan National
Research Technological University.
The topics are chosen and designed taking into account the urgent
need to introduce business and chemical technologies in modern scientific,
educational and industrial context.
The proposed work includes 4 sections and 2 review sections,
covering both the theory and practice of the English language, appendix
coves the lexical content review. Each of the paragraphs cover various
activities focused on developing the students' professional language.
This book uses a variety of learning strategies and techniques to
introduce new language phenomena as well as revise and reinforce skills
and abilities using the previously gained ones in a practical way and
encourage students to apply the language in professional environment.
6
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
6
Данное учебное пособие включает в себя практический
материал профессионального английского языка в области химии,
предназначенного для студентов Казанского национального
исследовательского технологического университета.
Темы выбраны и разработаны с учетом необходимости
введения бизнеса в сфере химических технологий в современном
научном, образовательном и промышленном контексте.
Предлагаемая работа включает 4 параграфа и 2 параграфа
обобщения (охватывающие теорию и практику английского языка),
приложение (лексического содержания). Каждый параграф
охватывает различные виды деятельности, ориентированные на
развитие профессионального языка студентов.
Данное пособие использует различные стратегии обучения и
методы для введения новых языковых явлений, а также развивает
способности, используя ранее полученные на практике, и поощряет
студентов применять язык в профессиональной среде.
7
UNIT 1. PROFESSIONS IN CHEMISTRY
1. Practice the reading of the following words and check the meaning
of the ones you don’t know.
Chemistry, branch, science, matter, type, industrial, career, observation,
apparatus, hazardous, material, laboratory, equipment, fundamental, issue,
experiment, responsibility, convenient, manufacture, familiarity, recordkeeping,
measurements, assignment, temporary, permanent, deviations, procedures.
2. Give the initial forms of the following words.
Evolved, discussed, commodities, presented, writes, combining, easily,
designing, related, tougher, written, studied, changing.
3. State what parts of speech the following italicized words belong .
1) Any object we can touch, taste, see, smell or feel is made up of certain types
of chemicals and is discussed in details under the subject of chemistry.
2) In order to become a research scientist, you should have a thorough
knowledge of not only chemistry but also subjects like astronomy,
physics and earth and material science.
3) A chemical engineer helps in developing the industrial processes so that the
production of these products and commodities can take place easily.
4) It is mostly related to designing and operating the chemical plants, and is
studied as a different discipline today.
5) Since of the development and evolution of new concepts, the field of
Chemical Engineering now deals with the understanding of difficulties
and problems which are the part of these new concepts at initial and
minor levels rather than at industrial levels.
6) Chemical technicians work in laboratories, making sure that processes
are carried out safely, cost-effectively, and according to the highest
professional standards.
7) Chemical technicians play a vital role in a variety of industries by
working with chemists and chemical engineers to develop, test, and
manufacture chemical products.
8) Some employers hire technicians on a temporary basis without benefits,
such as health insurance, even though some temporary assignments last
as long as a few years.
8
9) The workday can be very long when involved with big projects.
10) Skills are often transferable, and technicians today are more able to
move between companies than they have been in the past.
11) The court’s decision relies on these facts to a great extent.
4. Check up if you remember the following verbs.
a) To be made up, to be called, to master, to allow, to integrate, to
include, to interface, to contain, to involve, to study, to be measured, to
devote, to interact.
b) To be discussed, to be classified, to evaluate, to behave, to suffer, to
investigate, to relate, to prove, to be connected.
c) To monitor, to plan, to transfer, to evolve, to manufacture, to grow, to
include, to deal.
d) To waste, to accept, to join, to dive, to reward, to operate, to set up, to
perform, to assist, to train, to demand, to prepare, to offer, to hire, to
track, to accumulate, to transfer, to expand, to cutback.
5. Study the meaning of the following word combinations and make
up your own sentences.
1) to master all aspects of chemistry …
2) to determine the identity of chemicals and materials …
3) to determine the composition of substances and purity of chemicals …
4) the study of chemistry via fundamental theoretical reasoning …
5) with a focus on fundamental issues …
6) in connection with pharmacology and medicine biochemistry …
7) to occur at rates fast enough to sustain life …
8) the roles they play in forming, maintaining, and modifying …
9) a large component of …
10) to be known as …
11) the art of developing and applying … for solving …
12) to occur in …
13) to be devoted to substances …
14) the art of developing and applying computer programs …
15) for solving chemical problems …
9
6. Read, translate text A and state which branch of chemistry seems more
interesting and why. Make a short summary using the following phrases.
- The subject of the text is …
- The author of the text says that …
- He points out that …
- Next the author emphasizes the idea that …
- The author goes on saying that …
- The text ends with …
- The author concludes that …
TEXT A. THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY1
Chemistry is a branch of science that helps us understand matter. Any
object we can touch, taste, see, smell or feel is made up of certain types of
chemicals and is discussed in detail under the subject of chemistry. No one
person could expect to master all aspects of such a vast field of chemistry,
so it has been found convenient to divide the subject into smaller areas.
Analytical chemistry seeks to determine the identity, the composition
of substances and purity of chemicals and materials. New analytical
procedures often discover the presence of previously unknown compounds.
Theoretical chemistry is the study of chemistry via fundamental
theoretical reasoning (usually within mathematics or physics). In particular the
application of quantum mechanics to chemistry is called quantum chemistry.
Since the end of the World War II, the development of computers has allowed
a systematic development of computational chemistry, which is the art of
developing and applying computer programs for solving chemical problems.
Theoretical chemistry has large overlap with (theoretical and experimental)
condensed matter physics and molecular physics.
Materials chemistry is the preparation, characterization, and
understanding of substances with a useful function. The field is a new breadth
of study in graduate programs, and it integrates elements from all classical
areas of chemistry with a focus on fundamental issues that are unique to
materials. Primary systems of study include the chemistry of condensed
phases (solids, liquids, polymers) and interfaces between different phases.
Biochemistry is the study of chemicals found in living things (such
as DNA and proteins). It is the branch that will tell us what life is. In
1
https://oak.leaf.bournemouth.sch.uk/Files/Handbooks/Chemistry%20Handbook%20Year%2013.pdf.
10
connection with pharmacology and medicine biochemistry will find ever
more powerful means for fighting diseases.
Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of chemistry, involves the study of
the relative spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of
molecules and their manipulation. An important branch of stereochemistry
is the study of chiral molecules. Stereochemistry is also known as 3D
chemistry because the prefix “stereo” means “three-dimensionality”.
Inorganic chemistry studies substances that do not contain carbon. It
is interested in all elements, but particularly in metals, and is often involved
in the preparation of new catalysts.
Organic chemistry studies carbon-based substances. Carbon has
unique properties that allow it to make complex chemicals, including those of
living organisms. An entire field of chemistry is devoted to substances with
this element.
Physical chemistry is the study of the physical properties of
chemicals, which are characteristics that can be measured without changing
the composition of the substance. It also deals with rates and energies of
chemical reactions.
Enzymology is the study of enzymes. Enzymes are macromolecular
biological catalysts. Enzymes accelerate, or catalyze, chemical reactions.
The molecules at the beginning of the process are called substrates and the
enzyme converts these into different molecules, called products. Almost all
metabolic processes in the cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates fast
enough to sustain life. The set of enzymes made in a cell determines which
metabolic pathways occur in that cell.
Neurochemistry is the study of petrochemicals; including
transmitters, peptides, proteins, lipids, sugars, and nucleic acids; their
interactions, and the roles they play in forming, maintaining, and modifying
the nervous system.
Nuclear chemistry is the study of how subatomic particles come together
and make nucleus. Modern Transmutation is a large component of nuclear
chemistry, and the table of nuclides is an important result and tool for this field.
7. Study the meaning of the following word combinations and make
up your own sentences.
1) too vast to be discussed and classified …
2) can function without the basics of …
3) to use different types of methods to find out …
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]