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Файл:English for Special Purposes. Language of Chemistry. Tutorial
.pdf
51
Also, it is sometimes useful to gather information about the company so
that you know more about its background and policies. This may help you
present yourself in the best light.
16. Fill in the blanks with a word from the following words and word
combinations: as, audio, available, consider, enclose, inquiries,
favourably, for, form, further, in, opportunity, position, take to, with.
A. Dear Sir or Madam,
In reference (1) __________ your advertisement in today’s ‘Morning
News’, I am interested (2) __________ applying for the (3) __________ of
analytical chemist with your company.
Could you please send me (4) __________ details and an application
(5) __________ .
B. Dear Sir,
I would like to apply (6) __________ the position of research
supervisor with your company. I (7) __________ my application form. I am
presently working (8) __________ a tutor in the accounts office at TW
Industries. My responsibilities include (9) __________ and copy typing and
dealing (10) __________ correspondence and telephone (11) __________ .
Twice a week I have been going to evening classes in IT and Medical
Chemistry and I intend to (12) __________ an examination in three month.
I am applying for the position because I would like an (13)
__________ to make more use of my training. I would be (14) __________
for an interview at any time. I hope that you will (15) __________ my
application (16) __________ .
17. How would you generally feel, if you were in the following
situations19? Use the words in italics to help you decide.
1) The company you work for is well-known for its job security.
2) You were suddenly made redundant.
3) You received a promotion.
4) You were given an increment.
5) You worked unsociable hours.
6) You had a steady job.
19
English for Business Studies Student's book by Ian MacKenzie. 2005.
52
7) You had adverse working conditions.
8) You suddenly found yourself unemployed.
9) You took time off work because of repetitive strain injury.
10) The office where you work has sick building syndrome.
11) You receive regular perks as part of your job.
12) Somebody called you a workaholic.
13) Your company doesn’t give you many incentives.
14) There is going to be some downsizing of the workforce.
15) Your work didn’t offer much job satisfaction.
16) Your company has a generous incentive scheme.
17) You receive a commission for the work you have done.
18) You receive support from a union.
19) You were under stress.
20) You were forced to resign.
21) You received a cut in your salary.
22) Your company gave you sickness benefit.
23) You found your job very demanding.
18. Based on the information from the Exercise 12 (text 2); write the
letter of application to BSD Pacific.
BSD Pacific is a well-known and respected chemical company. We
handle imports directly from manufacturers in 35 different countries, often to our
own specifications, and currently export to 46 different countries worldwide.
We are looking for enthusiastic people to work in our office in
Bermuda on temporary 3-6-and 9-month contracts.
Applicants must be able to speak and write at least one foreign
language fluently and can be nationals of any country.
Experience in applied chemistry, organic and inorganic chemistry will
be an advantage, but as special training will be available this is not essential.
The main requirements are a willingness to work as a member of a
team, to cope with pressure, to use the telephone in a foreign language and in
English and to be prepared occasionally to work long hours when necessary.
There are several posts available and long-term prospects are good,
though initially all successful applicants will be contracted for a maximum
of 9 months. The salary we will offer is excellent. We will pay for your
return airfare and provide adequate accommodation at a nominal rent.
53
Please apply in your own handwriting, enclosing your resume, to
Charles Fox, European Sales Office, ACME Pacific Ltd, 45 Pentonville
Road, London EC2 4AC.
19. Rewrite this letter in a suitably formal style. Some sentences may have
to be left out altogether. Check your version with another student.
11 Oakwood Road Stanhope,
Birmingham
8th October
Dear Mr. Scott,
I am writing because you said you wanted a Chemical Researcher in
The Evening Mail of 7th October. I’ve put my life story in with this letter.
If you look at it you’ll see I know a lot about chemistry because I’ve been a
maintenance chemist for six years. So I’ve learnt a lot about substances,
elements and compounds. I took a conversion course the other day, all
about Organic chemistry. It was pretty easy. Now I’m going to evening
classes in the same things, and I hope I’ll pass the exams at the end!
I liked your comment in the ad about “good prospects” because I’m
not just in it for the money. I want a job that’ll mean something. I’m sure
you’ll understand.
Get in touch if there’s anything else you need to know. Give me a
ring at work, it’s 423419. In the evenings, you can always get me at my
mother’s in King Oak. I can come and see you at any time except Tuesdays,
which are a bit awkward.
Best wishes,
Richard Walters.
20. Read the following information about CV writing.
TEXT 4. FORMAT FOR THE CURRICULUM VITAE (CV)20
The Curriculum Vitae, commonly referred to as CV, includes a
summary of your educational and academic backgrounds as well as teaching
20
Lees Gerald, Thorne Tony. English on Business. Practical English for International Executives.
Chancerel International Publishers, 1993.
54
and research experience, publications, presentations, awards, honours, and
Curriculum Vitae Template
CONTACT INFORMATION
Name
Address
Telephone
Email
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth
Place of Birth
Citizenship
Optional Personal information:
Marital Status
Spouse’s Name
Children
EMPLOYMENT HISTORY
Work History
Academic Positions
Research and Training
EDUCATION
High School
University
Graduate School
Post-Doctoral Training
PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS
Certifications and Accreditations
Computer Skills
AWARDS
PUBLICATIONS PROFESSIONAL
MEMBERSHIPS INTERESTS
affiliations. International employers often expect to read the type of personal
information on curriculum vitae that would not be included on a resume.
When writing a CV for graduate school or academia the personal
information included in this curriculum vitae template would be omitted. The
following curriculum vitae template will give you an example of what to
include in your CV and show the appropriate format for curriculum vitae.
55
Having a well written, effective resume at one’s disposal is an
excellent tool in today’s ever changing job market. A strong resume may be
the sole difference in getting a call for an interview or simply having your
resume tossed into the proposed employer’s sludge pile.
Simply put, an effective resume may win you a job interview. In the
world of academia, a strong resume, known as curriculum vitae (CV) may
open the door towards a tenured position.
21. Read tips21, which advise candidates how to answer difficult interview
questions. For each question, mark the correct answer – right, wrong
or not given.
Attending interviews. Good interviewers prepare their questions
carefully in advance according to the candidate’s application and CV. So
candidates need to prepare just as carefully. Here are some useful tips on
answering interview questions.
1. What don’t you like about your current position?
No job is perfect; there’s always something we don’t like. Be honest
but don’t give a list of complaints. The important thing is to talk positively
about how you deal with problems at work.
2. Where does your employer think you are today?
Be honest. If you lie to your current employer, you’ll lie to your next
employer. Don’t phone in sick on the day of the interview. Take a day’s
holiday but don’t say why.
3. What are your professional objectives?
Think about these before the interview. Your objectives should be
relevant to the job you have applied for and achievable. If the new job can’t
offer you everything you want, the interviewer will think that you probably
won’t stay with the company very long.
4. What are your weaknesses?
Be honest; no one is perfect. Think about this before the interview
and choose your answer carefully. Talk about how you deal with a
weakness; this is far more important than the weakness itself.
– Interviewers ask every candidate the same questions.
– You shouldn’t mention problems with your current job.
– You should arrange to have a day off for the interview.
– You should give your personal objectives.
21
Vince Michael with Peter Sunderland. Advanced Language Practice. Macmillan Education, 2003.
56
– Your objectives should suit the position you apply for.
A
B
The common interview
question
The suitable response
1. Why did you choose
this company?
A. People say I’m sociable, organized, and
decisive.
2. What are your
strengths / weaknesses?
B. My aim is to have a position in the
Management Team.
3. How would your
friends describe you?
C. I have excellent time management, but I can
be impatient for results.
4. What is your greatest
achievement?
D. Because I think I will find the work
environment both challenging and rewarding.
5. How well do you
work in a team?
E. I always support my colleagues and believe
we should work towards a common goal.
6. Where will you be in
5 years?
F. Leading the University football team to the
national Championships.
– You should practise your answers at home.
– You shouldn’t discuss things you aren’t good at.
22. Match the column A with the column B.
23. Before reading text 5 study the meaning of the following words and
word combinations.
1) accepting and respecting differences between and within cultures …
2) share historical and geographical experiences …
3) a kaleidoscope of subcultures within racial groups …
4) a continuing process towards cultural competence …
5) to affect cross-cultural interactions …
6) to interact with varying cultures …
7) to be intergenerational …
8) a synergistic organization …
9) in total agreement about their beliefs and goals …
10) to treat, respect and effectively communicate with …
11) to be able to effectively utilize knowledge gained …
12) to be responsive to cultural diversity …
13) a cross-cultural communication
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24. Read and translate text 5 into Russian; find the key sentences of each
part. Combine them into a summary using the following phrases.
- The subject of the text is …
- The author of the text says that …
- He points out that …
- Next the author emphasizes the idea that …
- The author goes on saying that …
- The text ends with …
- The author concludes that …
TEXT 5. A CULTURAL COMPETENCE MODEL: ESSENTIAL
PRINCIPLES22
1. Valuing diversity. Valuing diversity means accepting and respecting
differences between and within cultures. We often presume that a common
culture is shared between members of racial, linguistic, and religious groups,
but this may not be true. A group might share historical and geographical
experiences, but individuals may share only physical appearance, language, or
spiritual beliefs. Our cultural assumptions can lead us to wrong conclusions. As
people move to new areas and meld with other cultures it creates a
kaleidoscope of subcultures within racial groups. Gender, locale, and
socioeconomic status can sometimes be more powerful than racial factors.
2. Conducting cultural self-assessment23. The most important actions to
be conscious of are usually the ones we take for granted. Each organization has
a culture. Surveys and discussion can help members become more aware of the
organization's way of doing things and can help it adjust to other cultures. This
assessment is a continuing process towards cultural competence.
3. Understanding the dynamics of difference24. Many factors can affect
cross-cultural interactions. Bias due to historical cultural experiences can
22
Hogan-Garcia, M. The four skills of cultural diversity competence: a process for understanding and
practice. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1999.
23
For instance, physical distance during social interactions varies by culture. If a staff member of an
organization routinely touches the arm of whomever she is talking to, this might be misread in some
cultures. Such miscommunication can be avoided if the organization does cultural self-assessment.
24
For example, Native Americans and African Americans, among other groups, have experienced
discrimination and unfair treatment from dominant cultures. Mistrust coming out of these experiences may
be passed on to the next generations of these groups, but ignored within the dominant culture. An oppressed
group may feel mistrust toward the dominant culture, but members of the dominant culture may be unaware
of it or not understand it.
58
explain some current attitudes. Organizations planning to interact with varying
cultures need awareness of such a dynamic if they want to be effective.
Remember that organizations can be intergenerational. A group that worked
with an ineffective, culturally incompetent organization 15 years ago, may not
know that the group has the same name but is in a “second life” - a new staff, a
new board, and a new approach to working with the community. This means
the organization has some work to do, and must be aware of this dynamic in
order to be newly effective. Being proactive rather than reactive about change
produces a synergistic organization. Anticipating change is a basic dynamic in
the development of synergy. Synergy is more than just teamwork. It's the
magic that happens when people are truly working together, understanding one
another deeply, and in total agreement about their beliefs and goals, at least as
far as their work goes. Synergy happens only if people treat each other with
respect and effectively communicate with each other.
4. Institutionalizing cultural knowledge. Cultural knowledge should
be integrated into every facet of an organization. Staff must be trained and
be able to effectively utilize knowledge gained. Policies should be
responsive to cultural diversity. Program materials should reflect positive
images of all cultures.
5. Adapting to diversity. Values, behaviors, attitudes, practices, policies,
and structures that make it possible for cross-cultural communication guide a
culturally competent organization. When you recognize, respect, and value all
cultures and integrate those values into the system, culturally competent
organizations can meet the needs of diverse groups.
25. Find in the text below English equivalents to the given Russian words
and word combinations.
Принимать и уважать различия, социально-экономический статус,
само собой разумеющимся, приспособиться к другим культурам, социальноэкономический статус, совместные действия, культурная
компетентность, к культурному разнообразию, каждый аспект
организации, объединять ценности в систему, затронуть межкультурные
взаимодействия, взаимодействовать с переменными культурами,
действительно сотрудничать, отразить позитивные изображения,
признавать, уважать, оценивать, потребность разнообразных групп.
59
26. Read the following information about different business card etiquette.
Make up sentences with the selected word combinations.
BUSINESS CARD ETIQUETTE IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES25
Business cards are cards bearing business information about a
company or individual. They are shared during formal introductions as a
convenience and a memory aid. A business card typically includes the giver's
name, business affiliation (usually with a logo) and contact information such
as addresses, telephone numbers, fax number, e-mail addresses and website.
Before the advent of electronic communication business cards might also
include telex details. Now they may include social media addresses such as
Facebook, LinkedInand or Twitter. Traditionally many cards were simple
black text on white stock; today a professional business card will sometimes
include one or more aspects of striking visual design.
China: Have one side of your business card translated into Chinese and
in gold coloured lettering, as that is considered auspicious. You should also try
to find out the local dialect of the people you’d be meeting with e.g Cantonese
or Mandarin and have the card tailored specifically. The card should feature
your name and your job title and, if your company has been established for a
very long time, it’s useful to state the year it was formed on the card. When
offering the card, you should do so with both hands and if you’re receiving a
card, make sure you study it and comment on it – don’t just stuff it in your
jacket pocket and never write on it in the person’s presence.
Japan: To give and receive business cards in Japan is quite
ceremonial. You should, therefore, invest in high quality cards and keep
them in good condition by keeping them in a business card case and treat
both the giving and receiving of business cards with the same degree of
respect as you would show the person him or herself. Status is important in
Japan so make sure your title is prominent on the card. And, whilst it’s
perfectly acceptable to give your card with one hand, make sure you accept
one with both hands. Don’t put it away in your pocket at a meeting. Keep it
on the table in front of you and, if you are meeting several people at once
who have all given you their cards, not only is it respectful to keep all the
cards on the table in front of you until the meeting has concluded but it’s
25
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_card; http://www.worketiquette.co.uk/business-card-etiquette-
in-various-countries.html
60
also useful in that, in placing them in front of you in the order in which
people are seated, it will help you remember their names.
India: Business in India places a great emphasis on academic
achievement so in addition to your name and job title, your business cards
there should also state any university qualifications you have or any other
kind of honour. As in the Middle East, always use your right hand when
offering a business card. If the local dialect is Hindi, then you’d not normally
need to print one side of the card in that language as most business people
who speak Hindi can also speak English.
27. Discussion: How do you see your future profession? Answer the
following questions:
What kind of job are you interested in: well paid job; interesting
job; job in a large and famous company; quiet job; job in an industry which
has future prospects; prestigious job; a kind of job such as not to sit the
whole day in the office; to travel a lot.
Discuss advantages and disadvantages of your future profession:
- Do you think that your future profession is prestigious?
- Do you think it will be still prestigious and well paid by the time you
graduate?
- How difficult is it to find a good job in your field?
- Is there a competition in your group?
28. Find in the text below English equivalents to the given Russian word
combinations.
Бизнес-информация, контактная информация, информация о
компании или человеке, электронная коммуникация, местный диалект
(кантонский диалект), статус важен, появление визитных карточек,
степень уважения, любая университетская квалификация, в хорошем
состоянии, должность, церемониальными.
29. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
1) Ethical behaviour is doing things that are morally right. Ethics
(countable noun) are moral beliefs about what is right or wrong. Ethics
(uncountable noun) is the study of this.
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