Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:English Articles in Use. Артикли. Объяснение, употребление, тренинг
.pdf
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
days were still long so I went with ... easy heart. 21. With ... earliest day I was up because my trunks weren’t packed yet. 22. I
looked up and found that ... afternoon was gone, and ... evening
far advanced. 23. I now ventured to come in; it was ... deep dusk;
I retired quietly in ... corner. 24. ... Sunday evening was spent in
repeating by heart the fi fth and sixth chapters of St Matthew. 25.
Look at ... sunset! I’ve never seen one as red as that. 26. Neither
Bessie nor anyone else will go into this room at ... night, if they
can help it. 27. ... night passed rapidly: I was too tired even to
dream. By the time I opened my eyes ... day had fully dawned. 28.
... only marked event of ... afternoon was that I saw Helen again.
29. ... change had taken place in ... weather ... preceding evening
and ... keen northeast wind was whistling through ... windows
all ... night long. 30. ... play-hour in ... evening was ... pleasantest
fraction of ... day at Lowoood. 31. Most of ... night she spent here
watching; towards ... morning she slept for a few minutes but
some steps disturbed her. It was ... dawn and she quitted her asylum. 32. In this retreat I devoted ... morning to labour; but in ...
evening I walked on ... stony beach. 33. I toiled ... day and night
in order to complete my work. 34. When it became ... noon I was
overpowered by ... deep sleep as I had been awake ... whole of ...
preceding night. 35. ... next morning, at ... daybreak I unlocked
... door of my laboratory. 36. ... day dawned, and at ... dawn of ...
day Walberg arose. 37. It was then late in ... evening and he had
taken no refreshment ... entire day. 38. ... morning broke on their
long-protracted consultation.
Translate into English paying special attention to the 37.
nouns denoting times of the day and night.
1. Я смогу приехать, самое раннее, в среду вечером. – Тогда
тебе придется задержаться на ночь. 2. День, наполненный
ожиданием праздника, пролетел незаметно. 3. Наступили
сумерки: тропинка была едва заметна среди темных кустов.
4. «Ты, как майское утро», – сказал Робин Гуд, когда увидел
Марион в первый раз. 5. Мы встали на рассвете, еще не зная,
что ожидает нас днем. 6. Посмотри, какой чудесный ясный день
наступил после бурной, дождливой ночи. 7. Ближе к вечеру
вся семья собралась у очага. 8. Мать просидела у постели
больного ребенка всю ночь напролет. 9. Диана с нетерпением
ожидала наступления утра, не в силах коротать в одиночестве
такую долгую ночь. 10. За час до полуночи все было решено:
помолвка была расторгнута, и Герман уехал. 11. Я звонила
тебе несколько раз в течение дня. Где ты была? 12. Плотные
141
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
шторы не впускали в комнату яркий свет солнечного полдня.
13. Жаль сидеть дома в такой теплый, тихий вечер. Не пойти
ли погулять? 14. На закате река казалась красной, как кровь.
15. Мы не можем тронуться с места до наступления дня,
дорога очень опасна. 16. День за днем Пенелопа пряла свою
пряжу, а ночью распускала все, сделанное за день. 17. С утра
до обеда я учусь, а вечерами работаю. 18. Альберт ехал всю
ночь, и лишь к утру позволил себе получасовой отдых. 19.
День сменял ночь, но она просто не замечала этого. 20. Завтра
вечером я буду уже далеко отсюда, но весь день мы проведем
вместе. 21. С полудня до шести часов вечера он безуспешно
пытался попасть на прием к старшему менеджеру. 22. Если
ребенок не вернется до сумерек, придется отправиться на
поиски. 23. Звуки утра наполнили дом: плеск воды, звон
посуды, пение канарейки. 24. Теперь я с улыбкой вспоминаю
утро после нашей ссоры; а тогда не могла сомкнуть глаз всю
ночь. 25. Уже позднее утро, пора вставать. Наверное, опять
читал до самого рассвета? 26. В день своей свадьбы она встала
на рассвете. 27. Каждое утро после восхода солнца они шли
в поле, где работали без устали до заката. 28. Был жаркий
полдень: солнце сверкало, на небе с раннего утра не было ни
облачка. 29. Утро он проводил, работая над книгой, а после
полудня выезжал в город. 30. Ночь была теплой и душной, но
на рассвете мы основательно продрогли.
Read the following text and comment on the use of ar-38.
ticles with nouns denoting meals.
Meals.
In most English hotels four meals are served: breakfast, lunch,
tea and dinner.
Breakfast in a British hotel is a large meal. It usually begins
with a choice of fruit juice, porridge or cereal. Then comes the
main course with a choice of bacon and eggs, bacon and sausage,
poached egg, boiled egg, scrambled egg or fi sh. Finally there’s
toast and marmalade. At breakfast you may also choose tea or
coffee to drink.
Lunch in a simple hotel begins with soup, though in a more
expensive one you may have three choices of the main course for
lunch: cold meat and salad, fi sh, or roast meat and two vegetables. Most people drink water at lunch, some drink beer or wine.
Then there’s a choice of sweets and if you fi nish lunch with coffee
you must pay for it as an extra.
142
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
At about fi ve o’clock there is a very light meal called tea. It
consists of a cup of tea and a cake. In England «everything stops
for tea». In the train you can get it, in the car you carry it in a
fl ask. Even at theatre and cinema matinees saying nothing about
city offi ces, as if by ritual, twice a day – trays laden with steaming cups of tea. First you have tea for breakfast; then you have
tea at eleven o’clock in the morning; then after lunch; then you
have tea for tea; then after supper; and then at eleven o’clock at
night. Tea is the most informal meal of the day so you may drop
for tea without invitation.
Dinner in a hotel is very similar to lunch, except that there is
usually more choice and it is always dearer. It is the most substantial meal of the day and a very formal meal. Many people
even wear special clothes for dinner. Dinner is generally served
about half past seven and starts with soup, then comes fi sh. Next
course is the most important: it generally consists of a joint of
meat (beef or lamb) or it may be chicken or duck. With it are
served various vegetables. Some sort of a pudding is generally
the fourth course. After it dessert is brought: fruit of various
kinds, a hot apple tart or ice-cream.
These are meals that are served in British hotels and homes
of well-to-do people. But not all English people eat like this. In
most families usual meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper
which is a cold meal when nothing is cooked. All these meals are
much simpler than those served in the homes of the rich.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before nouns 39.
denoting meals.
1. Sometimes she would come up to bring me something by
way of ... supper – ... bun or ... cheese-cake. 2. It was six o’clock
in ... morning: Bessie was gone down to ... breakfast, Eliza to
feed her poultry. 3. ... bell sounded and ... children marched into
another room to ... breakfast. 4. She won’t be out to ... supper
with anyone but him. 5. I saw each girl taste her food and try
to swallow it, but in vain. ... breakfast was over, and none had
breakfasted. 6. She went on: «You had this morning ... breakfast
which you couldn’t eat; you must be hungry. I have ordered that
... lunch of bread and cheese shall be served to all». 7. ... servant
announced ... dinner and ... company cheered. 8. At the end of
... dinner we were served with ... coffee and liquors. 9. ... lunch
was over by half past one but nobody left the dining-room. 10. «I
shall be back about ... tea-time», she said. 11. We cannot refuse
ourselves the prospect of ... good hot dinner. 12. At that moment
143
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
... summons sounded for ... dinner. ... odour of it was scarcely
more appetizing than that which had regaled our nostrils at ...
breakfast. ... dinner was served in two huge plates and consisted
of ... mashed potatoes and ... rusty meat. 13. Whenever he chose
anything for ... lunch, he asked for ... fried potatoes. 14. I stepped
aside for Moyra to carry in ... luncheon. 15. «I fi nd out that ...
lunch consisting of ... bread and cheese has twice been served
during ... past fortnight». – «But, sir», replied Miss Temple, «...
breakfast was so ill-prepared that ... pupils couldn’t possibly eat
it». 16. He was offered ... cold lunch which he indignantly refused.
17. I haven’t yet had ... tea, so bring ... tray and place cups for
these two ladies too. 18. During their conversation she went out
several times to look at ... dinner. 19. ... tea over and ... tray re-
moved, she summoned us near ... fi re. 20. Well had Solomon said,
«Better is ... dinner of herbs where ... love is, than ... stalled ox
and ... hatred therewith». 21. They serve all ... old English dishes
there and ... old-fashioned English tea and ... wonderful English
breakfast. 22. What would you like to have for ... tea – ... plum
pudding or ... apple tart? 23. If you want ... American breakfast,
it is there – ... cereals and ... iced orange juice and all. 24. How
much time does it take you to make ... simple breakfast? 25. They
had ... lovely tea and went twice to ... kitchen for more bread and
butter. 26. ... servant announced that ... dinner was prepared and
Ines suggested to her husband ... necessity of having it.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before nouns 40.
denoting meals.
1. They got ... table by ... window and ordered ... typical conti-
nental breakfast. 2. Fortunately, ... heavy supper she had eaten
produced ... soporifi c effect: she was already snoring before I had
fi nished undressing. 3. We found ... dinner ready and waiting
for us in Mrs. Fairfax’s room. 4. Why so many refreshments? Is
someone coming to ... dinner today? 5. «You must want your tea»,
said ... good lady as I joined her, «you ate so little at ... dinner». 6.
... party were expected to arrive on Thursday afternoon, in time
for ... dinner at six. 7. Go to ... dining-room now, they must be
at ... supper here, and tell me if Manson is with them. 8. Jack is
... big eater. Whenever you say to him «Let’s have ... snack» or
«Let’s have ... bite», he will answer: «It’s better to have ... meal»
and joins you for ... lunch or ... dinner. 9. When we saw that ...
table was laid for ... dinner we were very glad indeed. 10. Where
is my newspaper? It was on ... table before ... breakfast. 11. As
he liked ... dog very much he took it to his room and treated to
144
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
... god supper. 12. You’ll be singing after ... dinner. I’ll call you
as soon as we are ready to listen to you. Now will you go into ...
kitchen and have ... dinner too? 13. I’m awfully hungry because
I’ve been without ... lunch today. 14. I didn’t want to go to ... club
for ... lunch in case I met Douglas there. 15. Mother saw to it that
we had ... good breakfast before ... school. 16. For many people
sandwiches are ... complete dinner. 17. «I haven’t noticed that ...
dinner is any different from usual», he admitted. 18. Everybody
was obliged to be present at ... holiday family dinner. 19. ... din-
ner didn’t taste so good as it looked and smelled. 20. As we were
pressed for time we could afford only ... hasty breakfast. 21. As
... weather permits, we can have ... picnic tea in ... garden. 22.
Do you mind having some cold meat and salad for ... supper? 23.
Never in my life have I participated in such ... great dinner. 24.
He was rather astounded when he learnt ... real price of ... dinner
they treated him to. 25. ... dinner lasted for so long that everyone
felt bored to death.
Read the following jokes. Fill in the gaps with the 41.
proper articles. Mind the use of articles before nouns
denoting meals.
******
New maid: How do I announce ... dinner? Do I say «... Dinner
is ready?» or «... Dinner is served?»
Mistress: If it is like it was yesterday say «... Dinner is
burnt».
******
Mother: What would you say to me, Betty, if I came to ...
breakfast with ... hands as dirty as yours?
Betty: I think I would be too polite to say anything.
******
Little girl: Mother, I want ... dark breakfast.
Mother: ... dark breakfast? What do you mean?
Little girl: Well, last night you told Granny to give me ... light
supper and I didn’t like it at all.
******
Teacher: If you were getting ... dinner for six people and had
but fi ve potatoes how would you divide them to give each person
... equal share?
John: I’d mash them.
145
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
******
Jim works as ... cabin boy on ... small ship. One morning he
brings in ... breakfast for ... captain and says, «May I ask you
something, sir?» «Of course, you may», says ... captain, «What is
it?» «Is ... thing lost if you know where it is?» says Jim. «Of course,
it isn’t», says ... captain. «Then you cannot have your coffee for ...
breakfast as usual though ... coffee-pot isn’t lost as I know where
it is». «And where is it?» asks ... captain. «At ... bottom of ... sea»,
answers Jim.
Economy Wasted
... tourist was staying in Norway for two weeks and spent all
his money. He could only buy his passage back to England. He
thought that it was only ... two day’s journey and he could go
without ... food. So he went on ... board ... ship. He closed his ears
to ... sound of ... lunch bell and when ... dinner was announced he
didn’t go to ... saloon. ... next morning he didn’t have ... breakfast
pretending to oversleep himself and at ... lunch time he again
stayed in his cabin. At ... dinner time he became so hungry that
he said to himself: «I’m going to eat even if they will throw me
overboard afterwards».
At ... dinner he ate everything put in front of him. Then he
asked for ... bill and waited for ... coming row. Great was his surprise and astonishment when ... waiter said that on this ship ...
meals were included in ... passage money.
A Grateful Cat
... man, who lived alone, always had two plates on ... table at
... dinner: one for himself and ... other for his cat. During ... dinner he always gave ... cat some food from his plate.
One day when ... man sat down to ... dinner, ... cat ran into ...
room, jumped onto ... chair and put ... mouse into ... man’s plate.
In this way ... cat shows how grateful she was for her master.
Translate into English paying special attention to the 42.
nouns denoting meals.
1. Я пью кофе только раз в день – за завтраком. 2. Где бы мы
могли пообедать вкусно и недорого? 3. Из кухни разносился
неприятный запах подгоревшего обеда. 4. В качестве близкого
друга он являлся в их дом в любое время: не только к чаю, но и
к завтраку. 5. Меня пригласили на обед в посольство. Как ты
146
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
думаешь, что мне надеть? 6. Мы можем поговорить спокойно,
до обеда еще полчаса. 7. Давид крепко спал, когда в дверь
постучали и сообщили, что завтрак подан. 8. Официант был
настолько неловок, что уронил поднос с завтраком прямо на
колени к посетителю. 9. После такого сытного обеда я просто
не могу сдвинуться с места. 10. Врачи рекомендуют легкий
ужин с преобладанием фруктов и овощей. 11. Работа была
настолько монотонной, что все прервались на ленч с явным
облегчением. 12. Чем традиционный английский завтрак
отличается от обычного европейского завтрака? 13. Дети
с нетерпением ожидали праздничного ужина по случаю дня
рождения отца. 14. Спасибо за вкусный обед. Никогда еще не
ел ничего подобного. 15. В нашей семье не принято начинать
завтрак, пока все не сядут за стол. 16. Обед тянулся так долго,
что все порядком утомились и жевать, и говорить. 17. Подать
тебе завтрак в постель? 18. Что у нас сегодня к чаю кроме
бутербродов? 19. Воскресный обед значительно отличался
от того, которым нас кормили по будням, потому что в этот
день в школу приезжали родители и присутствовали за
обедом. 20. В такую прекрасную погоду мы можем устроить
обед на открытом воздухе. 21. Завтрак готов. Мойте руки
и садитесь к столу. 22. За ужином семья обычно обсуждала
все, что случилось за день. 23. Я не могу приготовить хороший
обед на такой плите. 24. Во время чаепития у тети Ханны
царила невыносимая скука. 25. По выходным он позволял
себе поздний завтрак, практически совмещенный с ленчем.
26. Я не могу встретиться с тобой сегодня вечером. Я обедаю
с деловыми партнерами в клубе. 27. За ужином он ни к чему
не притронулся, уверяя, что уже поужинал в городе. 28. Стол
для чая был уже накрыт и приятно удивлял обилием сластей
и фруктов. 29. Я угощу вас лучшим ужином, который можно
устроить в этом захолустье. 30. Завтрак был настолько скуден,
что через пару часов все уже мечтали о скором обеде.
Read the following extract and comment on the use of 43.
articles with nouns denoting names of diseases.
I remember going to the British museum one day to read up
the treatment for some slight ailment of which I had a touch: hay
fever, I fancy it was. I got down the book, and read all I came
to read; and then, in an unthinking moment, I idly turned the
leaves, and began to study diseases, generally. I forget which was
the fi rst disease I read about, but before I had glanced half down
the list of the «premonitory symptoms», I was certain I got it.
147
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
I sat for a while frozen with horror; and then in despair I
again turned over the pages. I came to typhoid fever – read the
symptoms – discovered that I had typhoid fever, must have had
it for months without knowing it – wondered what else I had got;
turned up scarlet fever – found, as I expected, that had that too –
began to get interested in my case, and determined to sift it to the
bottom, and so started alphabetically – read up ague, and learned
that I was sickening for it, and that the acute stage would commence in about a fortnight. Rheumatism, I was relieved to fi nd,
I had only in a modifi ed form, and so far as that was concerned
I might live for years. Cholera I had with severe complications;
and diphtheria I seemed to have been born with. I read conscientiously through the twenty-six letters, and the only malady I
could conclude I had not got was housemaid’s knee.
I felt rather hurt about it at fi rst; it seemed somehow to be a
sort of slight. Why hadn’t I got housemaid’s knee? After a while,
however, I refl ected that I had every other known disease in pharmacology, and I grew less selfi sh and determined to do without
housemaid’s knee. Gout, in the most malignant stage, it would
appear, had seized me without my being aware of it; and zymosis
I had evidently being suffering with from boyhood. There were no
more diseases after zymosis, so I concluded that there was nothing else the matter with me.
I had walked into the reading-room, a happy and healthy
man. I crawled out a decrepit wreck.
(Jerome K. Jerome)
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before nouns 44.
denoting names of diseases.
1. ... humidity in Lima was around 95 per cent and in two days
I got ... most terrible lumbago of my life. I had lived twenty-two
years in Britain, ... classical center of ... rheumatism, without
even feeling ... twinge of it, but now I was completely out of ...
action. 2. I’m afraid it’s ... pneumonia and you must have ... penicillin injections. 3. It’s not simply ... sore throat you are having,
it’s ... quinsy. 4. ... aerobic exercise is ... good protection against
... heart attacks. 5. This music of yours always drives me to ...
terrible headache! 6. He had had ... fl u with one lung slightly affected. 7. After ... meningitis Elsie was very week and practically
lacked resistance. 8. I have ... sore throat and I have to gargle it
with ... salty water. 9. I have ... terrible toothache, doctor. – Yes,
that back one is giving you most of ... trouble. 10. After ... typhoid ... poor soldier was merely ... skin and bone. 11. He’s got ...
148
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
running nose and keeps sneezing. 12. Your cheek is swollen. Do
you have ... toothache? 13. If you go for ... walk in such weather
you’ll probably catch ... fl u. 14. I believe everybody gets ... measles when ... child. 15. He could hardly speak as he was suffering
from ... terrible cough. 16. After my mother and father had been
married ... year ... latter caught ... typhus fever. 17. ... forest dell,
where Lowood lay, was ... cradle of ... fog-bread pestilence, which
crept into ... Orphan Asylum and breathed ... typhus through its
crowded schoolroom. 18. ... diagnosis of his death of ... appendi-
citis was rather suspicious. 19. Twice ... year he usually went
down with ... fl u. 20. Her complaint was ... consumption, not ...
typhus; and by ... consumption I, in my ignorance, understood
something mild. 21. Aubrey was seized with ... most violent fever
and was often delirious. 22. One afternoon I was allowed to stay
at home because I really had ... cold. 23. They caught ... smallpox one from the other in those overcrowded slums. 24. I had ...
twinge of ... gout at Easter and couldn’t go to ... church. 25. After
his father’s death he dreaded ... symptoms of ... cancer in any
slight weakness. 26. This was ... commencement of ... nervous
fever, which confi ned me for several months. 27. I was carried
out of ... room in ... strong convulsions. ... fever succeeded to this,
I was on ... point of ... death. 28. The news so shocked his mother
that it brought on ... apoplectic attack. 29. For me there was no
knowledge or division of time – for a month I was in ... delirious
fever. 30. They sent for my father; he had ... gout, how could he
come? 31. I have never married; and, except that I suffer from
... occasional hypochondria or headaches, I am tolerably happy.
32. Traveling through Africa he got ... cholera with most severe
complications.
Read the following jokes. Fill in the gaps with the 45.
proper articles. Mind the use of articles before nouns
denoting diseases.
******
She: I cook and cook and what do I get? Nothing!
He: You are lucky, my dear. I get ... indigestion.
******
Guest: I really must be off. I did enjoy our little visit. Do you
know when I came in here I had ... bad headache but now I have
lost it entirely.
Hostess: Oh, don’t worry. It isn’t lost. I’ve got it now.
149
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
******
Patient: But doctor, are you sure I’ll be better? I’ve heard of
cases where ... doctor has made ... wrong diagnosis and treated
someone for ... pneumonia who afterward died of ... typhoid fever.
Doctor: Nonsense! When I treat ... patient for ... pneumonia,
he dies of ... pneumonia.
******
Physician: You have ... local infection in your system. It will
probably be necessary to pull out some teeth.
Patient: (removing plates of false teeth) Here are all of them,
doctor!
******
«Could there be anything worse», ... ailing friend once wrote
complainingly to Mark Twain, «than having ... toothache and ...
earache at the same time?»
Mark Twain wrote back: ... Rheumatism and St. Vitus dance.
Develop your speaking skills. 46.
Speak for or against: a) scientifi c medicine; b) natural healing;
c) physical therapies; d) aerobic exercise.
Compose and dramatize a dialogue «At the Doctor’s».
Translate into English paying special attention to the 47.
nouns denoting diseases.
1. В начале XX в. в Европе свирепствовал жесточайший
грипп, известный под названием «испанка». 2. Страдая от
ревматизма, Диксон перепробовал все мази, рекомендуемые
и докторами и случайными знакомыми. 3. Кашель и насморк –
весьма неприятные симптомы простудного заболевания. 4. От
духоты и большого скопления народа у меня разболелась голова. 5. Дифтерия и корь – детские болезни. 6. Нужно навестить
Алана в больнице. Два дня назад он был госпитализирован
с приступом аппендицита. 7. Переболев тифом, он едва таскал
ноги. 8. У ребенка горло красное и температура. Может быть
это скарлатина? 9. На данный момент рак – неизлечимая болезнь. 10. Напившись некипяченой воды, он заболел дизентерией. 11. Приступ радикулита не давал ей даже обуться самостоятельно. 12. Поскольку пациент явился с острой болью,
дантист принял его без очереди. 13. Жалуясь на сильную головную боль, Анна предполагала, что у нее мигрень. 14. Пред-
150
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]