Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:English Articles in Use. Артикли. Объяснение, употребление, тренинг
.pdf
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
ning away is ... good thing. 3. ... rage inside him welled; his body
trembled in ... anger. 4. ... chilly emptiness in the water refl ected
... terrible emptiness in his soul. 5. Isn’t it ... pity that ... love is
no longer ... subject for ... serious fi ction? 6. ... atmosphere of this
place itself can ruin ... soul of ... man. 7. The policeman watched
us with ... dulled curiosity. 8. He grew up in ... bitterest poverty.
9. ... death being contrary to their principles, they took ... precau-
tions against it. 10. By twelve o’clock ... heat became oppressive.
11. ... experiment proving fruitless they had to wind it up. 12. ...
circumstances were favorable but we still felt ... uncertainty. 13.
... coming events always cast their shadows before them. 14. ...
weather being unusually cold, they stayed at home for ... weekend.
15. You could have done ... work long ago, but you didn’t prepare
for it properly. 16. «You are ... beauty», he said, kissing ... tips of
her fi ngers. 17. «Even ... pleasure requires ... patience», my grandfather, ... keen angler, used to say. 18. I suppose I’ll be able to keep
... appointment, unless it’s ... emergency. 19. As he spoke his voice
rose in ... excitement. 20. ... stillness of ... room was broken only
by ... clock on ... wall. 21. You must work hard if you want to be
... great success. 22. ... man is known by ... company he keeps. 23.
... liar is not believed when he speaks ... truth. 24. By ... last few
decades ... motor traffi c has begun to transform ... convenience of
using it into its opposite. 25. Miss Smith’s calling her to ... offi ce
had been in ... nature of ... preparation and ... warning.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before abstract 27.
nouns.
1. He is ... cold, hard, ambitious man; ... reason and not feeling
is his guide; he honours ... endurance, perseverance, industry,
talent because they can mount him to ... lofty eminence. 2. This
poem is ... genuine production of ... golden age of ... modern literature. 3. It is ... disgrace she tries to convey ... confi dence she
is far from feeling. 4. I hope you will not dream of ... separation
and sorrow tonight, but of ... happy love and blissful union. 5. It
was such ... day when I felt ... real happiness. 6. I see ... necessity
of ... departure and it looks like ... necessity of ... death. 7. Why
should I restrain myself if I can get ... sweet, fresh pleasure? 8.
Mr. Rievers has ... fi ne bass voice and ... excellent taste for ... music. 9. Georgiana and her sister lead ... cat-and-dog life together,
they are always quarrelling. 10. I desired ... liberty; for ... liberty
I gasped; for ... liberty I uttered ... prayer. 11. A new superintendent of our school knows well how to combine ... reason with
... strictness, ... comfort with ... economy, ... compassion with ...
131
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
uprightness. 12. I discovered that ... great pleasure, ... enjoyment
lay outside ... high and spike-guarded walls of ... garden. 13. Her
eyes suddenly acquired ... certain beauty, ... beauty neither of ...
fi ne colour nor ... long eyelash, but of ... meaning, of ... movement,
of ... radiance. 14. I think it is not ... violence that best overcomes
... hate – nor ... vengeance that most certainly heals ... injury.
With this creed ... revenge never worries my heart, ... degradation never too deeply disgusts me, ... injustice never crushes me
too low; I live in ... calm and always remember that the Bible bids
us to return ... good for evil. 15. As usual Colonel Dent and Mr.
Eshton argue on ... politics, their wives listen. 16. I hardly yet
knew where I was. ... present was vague and strange, and of ... fu-
ture I could form no conjecture. 17. In ten minutes ... single light
was extinguished; amidst ... silence and ... complete darkness I
fell asleep. 18. To tell ... truth I had not ... least wish to go to ...
company, for in ... company I was very rarely noticed. 19. Poor
girl! She is such ... little toad, not ... beauty as her sister is. 20.
... Poverty looks grim to grown people; still more so to children:
they have not much idea of ... industrious, working, respectable
poverty; ... poverty for me was synonymous with ... degradation.
21. I felt ... inexpressible relief, ... soothing conviction of ... protection and ... security, when I knew that there was ... stranger in
... room. 22. My habitual mood of ... humiliation, ... self-doubt, ...
forlorn depression fell damp on ... embers of my decaying ire. 23.
The nurse fed our eager attention with ... passages of ... love and
... adventure taken from ... old fairy-tales. 24. It’ ... pleasure and
... relief to see you again. 25. We both knew ... fear, and ... loneliness, and ... very great distress.
Read and translate the article from a U.S. magazine. 28.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles. Mind the use
of articles before abstract nouns. Express your opinion
on the problem raised in the text.
Stop Living in Fear
by Gerald Tailor
Some shocking statistics. In the USA ... rate of ... murders per
100 000 people is six times higher than in Japan. ... weapon of ...
choice – ... guns.
Americans have long had ... international reputation for being
in ... love with their guns. But it seems that they are fi nally getting fed up with becoming ... victims of ... growing epidemic of ...
gun violence. In fact, according to ... recent opinion polls, ... major-
132
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
ity of ... voters are now in ... favour of ... Congresses’ passing more
laws to control ... handguns, ... most frequently used ... fi rearms.
... Brady law, passed in 1994, requires ... would-be gun owners
to wait fi ve days before purchasing ... gun. ... purpose of ... waiting
is to give ... police ... time to check that ... prospective customer
doesn’t have ... criminal record. It also prevents people from com-
mitting ... impulse crimes. ... waiting period gives them ... time
to stop and think before acting rashly. Now some critics realized
that ... law doesn’t go far enough in curbing ... gun violence.
What else can be done besides imposing ... waiting periods on
... purchase of guns? Do we want to stop living in ... fear?
Read the following jokes. Fill in the gaps with the 29.
proper articles. Mind the use of articles before abstract nouns.
Oscar Wilde’s Advice
Sir Lewis Morris was complaining to Oscar Wilde about ...
neglect of his poems by ... press. «It’s ... complete conspiracy of
... silence against me, ... conspiracy of ... silence. What ought I to
do, Oscar?»
«Join it», replied O. Wilde.
He Wants to Choose Another Instrument
Son: Oh, Mummy, must I learn ... music?
Mother: Yes, dear, every nice boy nowadays must learn ... music. But you can choose any instrument you like.
Son: May I? Let it be ... tape recorder then.
*****
... artist had fi nished ... portrait of ... well-known celebrity and
asked him whether he liked it.
«No, I don’t, and you must really admit it’s ... bad work of ... art».
«Yes», replied ... artist, looking at ... celebrity through his
monocle, «but then you must admit that you’re ... bad work of ...
nature».
The Law of Gravity
... teacher was given his class ... lesson on ... gravity. «Now,
children», she said, «it is ... law of ... gravity that keeps us on this
earth».
«But please, teacher», asked one child, «how did we stay on it
before ... law was passed?»
133
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
Action and Passion
English teacher: What is ... difference between ... active verb
and ... passive verb?
Student: ... active verb shows ... action and ... passive verb
shows ... passion.
*****
Doctor: «Sir, yours is ... case which will enrich ... medical sci-
ence!»
Patient: «Oh, dear, and I thought I wouldn’t have to pay more
than fi ve or ten dollars!»
*****
«My wife used to play ... piano a lot, but since ... children came
she doesn’t have ... time for it».
«... Children are ... comfort, aren’t they?»
*****
«So you have been cured of your disease? It must be ... im-
mense relief».
«You’ve said it. Why, I lay awake half ... night thinking how I
used to suffer from it».
****
A foreigner in London stopped ... man and asked: «Excuse me,
but what is ... time?» ... Englishman politely replied: «You know,
I’m philosophically minded too, but I haven’t yet been able to fi nd
... answer to this great problem».
Translate into English paying special attention to the 30.
use of articles with abstract nouns.
1. После долгих лет тяжелой работы, он, наконец-то, может
насладиться плодами своего труда. 2. Зрение – одно из пяти
человеческих чувств. 3. «Мама, что такое “Мона Лиза?” – Это
очень известное произведение искусства, картина Леонардо
да Винчи». 4. Молчание присутствующих угнетало его больше,
чем открытое неодобрение. 5. Для меня большая честь работать
с вами. 6. Время – великий целитель. 7. Многие люди верят,
что душа продолжает жить и после смерти. 8. Боюсь, что
в вашем случае необходимо хирургическое вмешательство. 9.
Милосердие начинается в собственном доме. 10. Война так же
стара как само человечество. 11. Мои соседи ненавидят шум
134
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
и часто портят нам все удовольствие от вечеринки. – Какое
счастье, что я живу в собственном доме! 12. Смех – лучшее
лекарство от всех невзгод. 13. Ветер – самый древний источник
энергии. 14. Не стоит пускаться в путь в плохую погоду. 15.
За эти полгода вы достигли значительных успехов в языке.
16. Какую чепуху ты говоришь! Счастье, что нас никто не
слышит. 17. Он говорил, заметно волнуясь, но в то же время
четко и громко. 18. Любовь побеждает все. 19. Утонченные
манеры и хорошее образование – вот признак истинного
джентльмена. 20. Современный человек часто действует так,
будто он враг природы, а не сын ее. 21. Он прилагал огромные
усилия, чтобы скрыть разочарование, вызванное их отказом.
22. На свою просьбу о повышении, она получила весьма
уклончивый ответ. 23. Сделайте мне одолжение, перестаньте
говорить о здоровье и болезнях. Эта тема вызывает у меня
отвращение. 24. В классе стояла полная тишина. Все с головой
ушли в работу. 25. Чтобы сделать великое открытие, не всегда
нужен опыт. Гораздо важнее талант и вдохновение.
Translate into English paying special attention to the 31.
use of articles with abstract nouns.
1. Мне нравиться слушать музыку, но я ненавижу ту
музыку, которую мой сын исполняет каждый день на свой
гитаре. 2. И газетные статьи, и телевизионные программы
полны сообщений о насилии и агрессии. Какая неспокойная
сейчас жизнь! 3. Пацифист – это человек, выступающий
против войны. 4. Когда они поженились, никто не верил,
что брак продлится долго. 5. Несмотря на свой весьма
почтенный возраст, он гуляет в любую погоду. Действительно,
привычка – вторая натура. 6. Чтобы стать хорошим учителем,
нужны не только знания, но терпение и любовь к детям. 7.
Успокойся, все твои проблемы разрешатся уже в ближайшем
будущем. 8. Безработица – одна из острейших проблем
современного общества. 9. Я не любитель оперного пения,
я предпочитаю балет. Волшебное сочетание прекрасной
музыки и танцевального мастерства производит на меня
неизгладимое впечатление. 10. В Англии пассажиры редко
общаются друг с другом даже во время долгого путешествия.
Это скорее национальная традиция, чем правило этикета.
11. Если вы откажитесь от этого приглашения, то лишите
себя прекрасного развлечения. 12. Моя бабушка говорит, что
одной красоты мало, чтобы покорять сердца мужчин. Особый
шарм и остроумие – вот надежное орудие женщины. 13.
135
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
Крепкая семья – основа здорового общества. 14. Он вздохнул
с облегчением, как человек, избежавший огромной опасности.
15. Работать под руководством такого человека как вы – мечта
всей моей жизни. 16. Между членами нашей семьи всегда
царили уважение и доверие, поэтому дети говорили своим
родителям только правду. 17. Роберт бросил трубку, чувствуя
одновременно удовлетворение и легкое раздражение от
завершившегося разговора. 18. Чем жарче становилась погода,
тем сильнее страдала Элиза от духоты и влажности и тем
чаще думала в панике о том, какой вред они ей приносят. 19.
Следует признать, что традиционная английская вежливость
и пунктуальность, в некоторой степени, формальны. 20.
Содержание этой книги показалось мне неадекватным по
сравнению с поставленной автором целью.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before nouns 32.
denoting seasons.
1. Next year we’ll be staying in Barcelona for ... summer and
we’d love you to visit us. 2. ... last spring when Peter was out in
... meadow ... bull tossed him over ... fence. 3. Why is it cold today? – It’s ... winter now, ducky. It’s always cold in ... winter. 4.
His last book was published in ... spring of 1977. 5. I persuaded
my uncle that it would be very good for my lungs if I spent ...
following winter on the Rivera. 6. I seldom wear ... tie in ... summer, I prefer a more casual style. 7. I’ll send you ... card from
Washington. Hope you’re having ... great summer. 8. This hotel
nearby ... lake is open only for ... summer. 9. We used to spend
... summer and ... early autumn at our rancho in Yellowstone
National Park and for ... winter we moved to Las Vegas. 10. In ...
summer of his sophomore year in Cambridge he got ... part-time
job with Marcus and Smith. 11. You should have only seen our
fl ower-garden in ... summer! 12. It seemed to him that his blood
got thicker in ... winter. 13. ... spring drew on – it had indeed
already come; ... frosts of ... winter had ceased, its snows melted,
its winds ameliorated. 14. This lane is noted for ... wild roses in
... summer, for ... nuts and blackberries in ... autumn, but now,
in ... winter, its delight lay in its utter solitude. 15. ... weather
was wet and cold as it always is in this part of ... country in ...
early spring. 16. Whether in ... winter or ... summer, ... spring or
... autumn he never changes his daily habits. 17. Suppose Martin
should be absent ... spring, summer and autumn: how joyless ...
sunshine and ... fi ne days will seem! 18. Georgiana favoured me
with ... description of ... brilliant winter she spent in London two
136
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
seasons ago. 19. ... splendid midsummer shone over England: ...
skies so pure and ... sun so radiant. 20. I’m tired to death of this
awful heat. – Yes, we always have it in ... summer. 21. ... fi ne
spring shone round me, which I could not enjoy. ... summer ap-
proached, but it didn’t cheer me up. 22. We parted on ... fi ne day
in ... early winter, ... day I’ll never forget. 23. ... realities of ...
Russian winter never attracted him. He hated ... winter. 24. That
was ... terrible summer with ... burning heat and ... drying winds.
25. What ... nice colourful autumn we’re having! 26. ... winter,
spring and summer passed away during my labours. 27. ... sum-
mer passed away in these occupations, and my return to Geneva
was fi xed for the latter end of ... autumn; but being delayed by
several accidents, ... winter and snow arrived, ... roads were impassible, and my journey was retarded until ... ensuing spring.
28. ... winter was spent cheerfully; and although ... spring was
uncommonly late, its beauty compensated for its dilatoriness. 29.
... spring advanced rapidly, ... weather became fi ne and ... skies
cloudless. 30. ... contrast was strong: you passed at once from ...
fi rst and fairest fl owers of ... spring to ... withered and rootless
barrenness of ... winter.
Translate into English paying special attention to the 33.
nouns denoting seasons.
1. Осенью птицы улетают в теплые края, а весной
возвращаются обратно. 2. Не припомню такой холодной зимы
в нашем регионе. 3. Под влиянием «парникового эффекта»
зимы становятся все теплее и теплее. 4. Где вы собираетесь
провести лето? – Там же, где и прошлое лето, в Испании. 5.
Осенью 1986 г. мы расстались, как нам казалось, навсегда.
6. Зиму они проводили на Капри, поскольку сырые немецкие
зимы были губительны для его здоровья. 7. Это была
единственная зима, которую они провели вместе. 8. Весной
эти края удивительно прекрасны, но летом здесь невыносимая
жара. 9. Погода была необычно теплой для ранней весны,
и мы проводили большую часть времени в школьном саду.
10. Все удовольствия настоящей русской зимы были к его
услугам благодаря щедрости князя Репнина. 11. Этот отель
открывается только поздней весной, когда в горах тает снег
и принимает туристов до осени. Зимой туда не добраться
никакими средствами. 12. Англичане и американцы имеют
два разных термина для слова «осень». 13. Разноцветная
толпа цыганок напоминала клумбу пестрых цветов весной.
14. На зиму военные действия слегка приостановились, но
137
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
с наступлением весны компания началась вновь. 15. Какая
теплая, безоблачная осень! Такая погода редкость даже для
ранней осени, а сейчас уже конец октября. 16. Две-три недели
в начале осени называются «бабье лето». 17. Это было ужасное
лето с бесконечными изматывающими дождями. 18. Приятно
совершить лыжную прогулку в хороший зимний денек. 19.
Прошлым летом мы сняли дачу недалеко от Москвы и жили
там до поздней осени. 20. В том году зима была теплой, но
снежной, что благоприятно сказалось на урожае будущего
лета. 21. Зима сковала озеро многометровым льдом, установив
надежную дорогу вплоть до самой весны. 22. Зимой и летом
одним цветом. Что это? 23. Привыкнув к мягкой итальянской
зиме, он с трудом переносил суровый континентальный
климат. 24. Я собираюсь провести осень в Крыму и хочу
отправиться туда уже в конце лета. 25. Была ранняя весна,
когда Дженнифер разорвала их помолвку, оставив ему лишь
воспоминания о чудесной зиме, полной надежд и счастья.
Comment on the use of articles with nouns denoting 34.
times of the day and night.
The morning came, which was to launch me into the world. At
half after three I rose and gazed with deep emotion at the ancient
towers beginning to crimson with the radiant luster of a cloudless
July morning. I was fi rm and immovable in my purpose, but yet
agitated by anticipation of uncertain danger and troubles. To this
agitation the deep peace of the morning presented an affecting
contrast. The silence was more profound than that of midnight;
and to me the silence of a summer morning is more touching
than any other silence, because, the light being broad and strong,
as that of noon-day at other seasons of the year, it seems to differ from perfect day chiefl y because man is not yet abroad; and
thus, the peace of nature seems to be secure and deep. I dressed
myself, took my hat and gloves and then gently walked out, and
closed the door forever!
Use the proper articles with nouns denoting times of 35.
the day and night.
1. When he departed it was 10 o’clock: he didn’t return till ...
midnight. 2. ... were expected to come about ... dark, and before
... dusk fi res were lit upstairs and below. 3. When Mr. St. John
went, it was beginning to snow; ... whirling storm continued all
... night. ... next day ... kin wind brought fresh and blinding falls;
138
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
by ... twilight ... valley was practically impassable. 4. Then I rose
up on my curtainless bed and then ... still, dark night witnessed
my grief and despair. 5. I took no note of ... lapse of ... time-of ...
change from ... morning till ... noon, from ... noon to ... evening. 6.
She would certainly have been found dead in ... morning, had she
been left out of doors all ... night. 7. Towards ... morning it rained,
... whole of ... following day was wet. 8. Meantime, ... afternoon
advanced, while I thus wandered about like ... lost and starving
dog. 9. What ... still, hot, perfect day! Sunshine everywhere: I
wish I could live in it and on it. 10. … night had come, and her
planets were risen: ... safe, still night, too serene for ... fear. 11. He
was waiting with ... impatience for ... day. He would send for me
in ... morning and I should be gone. 12. It was ... snowy day, one
couldn’t go out of doors. 13. On ... frosty winter afternoon I rode
in sight of Thornfi eld Hall. 14. I skirted ... fi elds and hedges and
lanes till after ... sunrise. I believe it was ... lovely summer morning. 15. It was ... fi ery West Indian night: one that precedes ...
hurricanes in those climates. 16. ... night was serene. Half heav-
en was pure and stainless. ... moon shone peacefully. 17. Just at
... sunset ... air turned cold and ... sky cloudy: I went in. 18. «It’s
near ... midnight», I said. – «Remember, you promised to walk
with me ... night before my wedding». 19. Turn back: on so lovely
... night it is ... shame to sit in ... house. 20. It was not ... bright
or splendid summer evening, though fair and soft. 21. I never
liked long walks, especially on ... chilly afternoons; dreadful to
me was coming home in ... raw twilight with nipped fi ngers and
toes. 22. I strove to fulfi ll every duty from ... morning to noon, and
from noon to night. 23. It was past four o’clock, and ... beclouded
afternoon was tending to ... drear twilight. 24. It was ... night:
... candle burnt on ... table. 25. The doctor warned Bessie that
I shouldn’t be disturbed during ... night and intimated that he
should call again ... next day. 26. ... next day, by ... noon I was up
and dressed, and sat by ... nursery hearth. 27. It was ... fi fteenth
of January, about nine o’clock in ... morning. 28. «Do you say your
prayers ... night and morning?» continued my interrogator. 29.
Raw and chill was ... winter morning: my teeth chattered when I
hastened down ... drive. My trunk, which had been carried down
... evening before, stood corded at ... door. 30. ... afternoon came
on wet and misty: as it waned into ... dusk, I began to feel that we
were getting very far from Gateshead, and long after ... night had
overclouded the prospect I heard ... wild wind rushing amongst
trees. 31. Still she behaved as though she hadn’t expected to be
kissed ... good night. 32. She continued bright through ... day.
33. It was on ... dreary night of November that I accomplished
139
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
my toils. 34. ... evening was warm and serene and we prolonged
our walk further than usual. It was already ... dusk when we
returned. 35. We returned to our college on ... Sunday afternoon
and everyone we met appeared gay and happy. 36. During ... day
I was sustained and inspirited by ... hope of ... night. 37. ... twi-
light in these southern climates is almost unknown; immediately
... sun sets, ... night begins. 38. ... weather was gloomy and cold
that evening – it was unlike ... night in Spain. But ... next day
was sunny and cloudless. 39. We marked ... progress of ... cold but
cloudy morning rejoicing in ... mild and balmy glories of ... dawn
but feared lest ... clouds may overshadow them by ... noon. 40. ...
day was far advanced – it was ... noon.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before nouns 36.
denoting times of the day and night.
1. All ... day long she stayed in her room, her door bolted with-
in. 2. «When will he come?» I cried inwardly as ... night lingered
and lingered and neither ... day nor ... aid arrived. 3. Awakening in ... dead of ... night I opened my eyes but could see nothing. 4. Thursday came: all work had been completed ... previous
evening. 5. ... communications were renewed from ... day to day
but they always ran on ... same theme. 6. It was ... wet and windy
afternoon: everybody preferred to stay inside. 7. All sad feelings
were now driven from ... house: there was ... life everywhere, ...
movement all ... day long. 8. «... Evening approaches», said I, as I
looked towards ... window. 9. Poor master! He was nearly burnt
in his bed. It’s always dangerous to keep ... candle lit at ... night.
10. I had nothing else to do, because it was ... vacation, and I sat
at my drawings from ... morning till ... noon, from ... noon till
... night. 11. He rode out a great deal and generally didn’t come
back till late at ... night. 12. It was ... proper moonlight evening
for ... fairies to appear. 13. ... afternoon was wild and snowy, and
we passed it in ... schoolroom. At ... twilight I allowed Adele to
put away her books and run downstairs. 14. As his horse approached I watched for it to appear through ... dusk. 15. I was
tired of sitting in ... library through ... whole long morning. 16. I
wished I had kept my candle burning: ... night was drearily dark;
my spirits were depressed. 17. ... twilight and snowfl akes togeth-
er thickened ... air and hid ... shrubs on ... lawn. 18. I talked and
played with Irene a great deal and when ... morning advanced to
... noon, I allowed her to return to her nurse. 19. It was ... fi ne
autumn morning: ... early sun shone serenely on still green fi elds.
20. It was ... walk of two miles, and ... evening was wet, but ...
140
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]