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Файл:English Articles in Use. Артикли. Объяснение, употребление, тренинг
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EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
*****
«Your husband is too fond of ... strong coffee», said the doctor.
«You mustn’t let him have it. He gets too excited».
«But, doctor, you should see how excited he gets when I give
him ... weak coffee».
*****
Once ... man put up at ... English hotel and went to ... dining-
room to have ... dinner. ... waiter brought him ... plate of ... soup,
came up to ... window and looked out. ... sky was covered with ...
heavy clouds.
«It looks like ... rain, sir», he said to ... guest.
«Yes», agreed ... man as he was tasting ... soup, «and it tastes
like ... rain too».
Translate into English paying special attention to the 15.
nouns denoting substances.
1. Я только недавно узнала о том, что стекло делается из
песка. 2. На ужин мы ели картошку с мясом. – Представляю,
сколько лишнего веса вы набрали! 3. Хлеб делают из ржаной
или пшеничной муки с добавлением дрожжей и воды. 4. Что
за ужасный запах! Неужели рыба протухла? 5. Добавь соду
в тесто, а то пирог не поднимется. 6. Неужели эта мебель
из пластика? Похоже, что она металлическая. 7. Свежий сок
к завтраку полезен для здоровья. 8. Я не пью зеленый чай,
предпочитаю ему обычный черный. 9. По четвергам в их
доме всегда готовят рыбу на обед. 10. Считается, что козье
молоко полезнее коровьего. 11. Мне показалось, что меня
внезапно окатили ведром ледяной воды. 12. Дом из дерева
гораздо лучше с экологической точки зрения, чем здание из
стекла и бетона. 13. Так странно, что несколько столетий
назад соль ценилась на вес золота. 14. Где ты купила
такое прекрасное сочное мясо? 15. Он был совершенно
уверен, что стакан хорошего вина за обедом не принесет
ему вреда. 16. Передайте мне, пожалуйста, соль. – Это не
соль, это перец. 17. Сколько сахара и сливок добавить вам
в кофе? – Спасибо, я пью черный и без сахара. 18. Настоящий
горький шоколад повышает настроение и активизирует
умственную деятельность. 19. Поставь минеральную воду
в холодильник. – Она и так достаточно холодная. 20.
Кажется, что этот человек сделан из камня; он никогда не
устает.
121
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
Translate into English paying special attention to the 16.
nouns denoting substances.
1. Я не буду сегодня купаться, вода в озере слишком
холодная. 2. Молодым девушкам уместнее носить изделия из
серебра и самоцветов, чем из золота и драгоценных камней. 3.
На завтрак я обычно ем тосты с мармеладом или овсянку на
воде. – Как невкусно! 4. На доске нет мела, зато весь пол перед
ней покрыт белой пылью. Что тут, интересно, происходило на
перемене? 5. Пойди и расчисти снег на дорожке от гаража,
иначе машина не проедет. 6. Ее подвенечное платье было
сшито из бледно-розового атласа, отделанного белым кружевом.
Она была похожа на Венеру, встающую из пены. – А мне она
напоминала сливки на собственном свадебном торте. 7. Мне
не нравится привычка современной молодежи пить пиво на
улице. – Времена меняются. Раньше их ругали за то, что они
все время жуют жевательную резинку. 8. Завари мне крепкого
чаю, у меня голова болит. – Выпей лучше бокал красного вина.
9. Посмотри на себя! Весь перепачкался в чернилах! Я теперь
тебя не отмою ни мылом, ни порошком! 10. Запах жареного мяса
и шипение жира на сковороде привлекали голодного мальчика,
однако, хозяйка не торопилась звать его к столу. 11. Имитация
пожара удалась на славу. Дыма и шума было предостаточно.
12. Дедушка вытащил из кармана огромный носовой платок
и вытер пот со лба. 13. Зачем ты оставила молоко на столе? Оно
может прокиснуть в такую жару. 14. Раньше дома отапливали
углем и дровами, а теперь газом. Это гораздо экономичнее,
так как запасы газа в нашей стране достаточно велики,
а угля добывается все меньше и меньше. 15. Чтобы жареный
цыпленок был вкуснее надо натереть его солью с чесноком. 16.
Он вегетарианец, поэтому в его доме тебе не подадут мяса. 17.
Какая духота! Хоть бы глоток прохладного свежего воздуха. 18.
У нас достаточно яиц, чтобы приготовить из них крем? – Да, но
нужно при этом отделить белки от желтков. 19. Золото добывают
в большом количестве по всему миру: и в Сибири и в Южной
Африке, но цены на него постоянно растут. 20. Обычно он не
покупал табак, а выращивал его сам на своем огороде.
A) Work in pairs. Complete the following dialogue and 17.
then dramatize it.
At the Restaurant
Waiter: Good morning, sir. Table for one?
Mr. Reevers: ………
122
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
W.: What would you like to have, an American or English
breakfast?
Mr. R.: ………
W.: We have eggs and bacon, bacon and sausage, boiled egg or
scrambled eggs.
Mr. R.: …………
W.: If you prefer something more substantial, the roast lamb
is very good.
Mr. R.: ………
W.: What vegetables would you like with it?
Mr. R.: ………
W.: As for green vegetables we’ve got peas, spinach and French
beans.
Mr. R.: ………
W.: We have strawberry jam, marmalade with toast and apple
tarts.
Mr. R.:
W.: Orange juice and grapefruit juice, tea and coffee.
Mr. R.: ………
W.: Very well, sir. Thank you, sir.
В) Translate the following dialogue into English pay-
ing special attention to the nouns denoting substances.
– Добрый день. Что бы вы хотели?
– Стакан апельсинового сока, чашку бульона и какое-ни-
будь мясное блюдо.
– У нас есть бифштекс, жареная говядина и баранья отбив-
ная.
– Я, пожалуй, возьму отбивную.
– Какой гарнир желаете?
– Печеный картофель.
– Какой-нибудь салат?
– Да, салат из помидоров и зеленый салат отдельно.
– А на десерт? Могу предложить сливовый пудинг, фрукто-
вый салат, мороженое.
– Нет, только черный кофе с ликером.
– Хорошо, сэр, сейчас я вас обслужу.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before collec-18.
tive nouns.
1. ... money spent on ... brain is never spent in vain. 2. ... bor-
rowed thoughts like ... borrowed money only show ... poverty of ...
123
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
borrower. 3. ... health and ... happiness are more important than
... money. 4. They’ll tell you everything you wish to know. They’ll
give you plenty of ... information. 5. If she gets ... information in
time, she’ll use it for her research. 6. It is my duty to help – at
least with ... advice – those who wish to be helped. 7. We needn’t
... porter’s help as we haven’t got ... luggage at all. 8. The Internet
is ... source of ... information. 9. Everyone can make themselves
comfortable. There’s plenty of ... furniture in the room. 10. Do
you happen to know what science studies ... way ... information is
moved and controlled by ... brain or by ... machinery? 11. ... side-
board in ... dining room was full of such magnifi cent chinaware
that I couldn’t draw my eyes away from it. 12. ... furniture once
appropriated to ... lower apartments had been removed here as ...
fashion changed. 13. ... money meant little to him and he never
much minded whether his patients paid him or not. 14. ... bad
news travels fast. 15. ... absence of ... news is ... best news. 16.
From ... neighboring saloon she heard ... clink of ... table silver
and ... splashing of ... water. 17. If ... passenger has ... luggage
and wants someone to carry it for him he must ask ... porter. 18.
What kind of ... furniture would you like for your new bedroom?
19. Laying in ambush they were completely invisible in ... thick
foliage of ... beech wood. 20. Where can we buy ... necessary equip-
ment for our journey? 21. ... whole company was merely fl abber-
gasted by ... news received by ... morning post. 22. I’m sure to give
you ... advice but you are unlikely to follow it. 23. Anyone who
puts ... furniture before cats and children shouldn’t be allowed to
have either. 24. The plant cannot recommence its work as ... new
machinery hasn’t been installed yet. 25. ... oak furniture looks
solid and rich but it’s heavy to push and rather expensive to buy.
26. You shouldn’t carry such ... heavy luggage yourself. It’s bad
for your spine. 27. That restaurant had ... dining-room with ...
gold-edged china and matching prices. 28. He had come to see
Emma in order to ask her for ... help and ... advice about getting
his plays put on. 29. ... mahogany furniture gleamed deep red
like wine. 30. ... fresh green foliage of ... garden trees seemed to
smell of happiness to her. 31. While on ... way he always took care
of ... baggage. 32. In our offi ce women can get both ... medical and
legal advice. 33. Have we got any reclamation for ... equipment
we delivered to them last week? 34. ... question of how to obtain
... money worried him not a little. 35. In the meanwhile ... black
ground was covered with ... herbage and interspersed with in-
numerable fl owers. 36. ... furniture was sold as usual for about
... fourth of its value. 37. My mother was ... woman of taste, and
particularly fond of diamonds and ... old china.
124
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
Translate into English paying special attention to the 19.
use of articles with collective nouns.
1. Он пытался собрать воедино информацию, полученную
из разных источников. 2. Деньги – корень всего дурного. 3.
Я не могу помочь вам советом, поскольку у меня нет всей
необходимой информации по этому вопросу. 4. Можем ли мы
доверять информации, полученной от человека, уличенного во
лжи? 5. Том вернул тебе деньги, которые занимал в прошлом
месяце? 6. Дом был обставлен старомодной мебелью
в полинялых чехлах. 7. Только обеспеченный человек может
себе позволить коллекционировать подлинный фарфор. 8.
Как приятно пахнет молодая весенняя листва! 9. Зачем вы
заказали новое оборудование? У нас не хватит денег за него
заплатить. 10. Новость, которую ты нам сообщил, давно уже
всем известна. 11. Вы уже купили новую мебель для спальни? –
Нет еще. Мы объехали несколько салонов, но та мебель,
которую нам показывали, совершенно не в нашем вкусе. 12.
Она стояла на перроне, раздумывая, как управиться с таким
количеством багажа. 13. После каждого визита Джастина
тетя Энн пересчитывала столовое серебро и пепельницы
в гостиной. 14. Он заработал кругленькую сумму на поставке
некачественных машин в Анголу и ЮАР. 15. Если вы
хотите сервировать стол в деревенском стиле, то вам нужна
глиняная посуда. 16. Не стоит тащить все оборудование из
дома, а то придется много заплатить за багаж. 17. Я не люблю
авангардную мебель, предпочитаю классический стиль. 18.
Осенью весь сад был засыпан опавшей листвой, горьковатый
запах которой всегда тревожил его сердце. 19. Скобяные
товары продаются повсеместно, но в этом городишке я не могу
купить простого гвоздя. 20. Элен не любила фарфор в синих
тонах и покупала только белую и кремовую посуду.
Study the following familiar quotations. Express your 20.
personal opinion on the given statements. Comment
on the use of articles with abstract nouns.
Deeds are the pulse of time. (George Eliot).1.
Genius is one per cent inspiration and ninety-nine per cent 2.
perspiration. (Thomas Alva Edison).
I never think of the future. It comes soon enough. (Albert 3.
Einstein).
In youth and beauty wisdom is but rare. (Homer).4.
Translation is at best an echo. (Miguel de Cervantes Sa–5.
avedra).
125
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
Imaginati6. on is more important than knowledge. (Albert
Einstein).
The fi rst wealth is health. (Ralf Waldo Emerson).7.
Cleverness is not wisdom. (Euripides).8.
The love of liberty is the love of others, the love of power is 9.
the love of ourselves. (William Hazlitt).
Language is the dress of thought. (Samuel Johnson).10.
Time is money. (Benjamin Franklin).11.
A useless life is an early death. (Johann Wolfgang Goethe).12.
Time is the nurse and breeder of all good. (William Shake-13.
speare).
Music is the universal language of mankind. (Henry Long–14.
fellow).
Friendship is the wine of life. (Edward Young).15.
All art is but imitation of nature. (Seneca).16.
Art is long and Time is fl eeting. (Henry Longfellow).17.
My way of joking is to tell the truth. It’s the funniest joke 18.
in the world. (Bernard Show).
People ask you for criticism, but they only want praise. 19.
(W. S. Maugham).
Kindness gives birth to kindness. (Sophocles).20.
The freedom now desired by many is not freedom to do and 21.
dare but freedom from care and worry. (James Adams).
Patience is a minor form of despair, disguised as a virtue. 22.
(Bierce).
A thing well said will be wit in all languages. (Dryden).23.
A friendship founded on business is better than a business 24.
founded on friendship. (Rockefeller).
Irony is an insult conveyed in the form of a compliment. 25.
(Anonymous).
Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm. 26.
(Ralf Waldo Emerson).
Wisdom is only found in truth. (J. W. Goethe).27.
Life is a tragedy for those who feel and a comedy for those 28.
who think. (Bernard Show).
Labour conquers all things. (Homer).29.
Advice to young writers – don’t write about Man, write 30.
about a man. (E. B. White)
Comment on the absence of articles with abstract 21.
nouns modifi ed by certain types of attributes. Say
what meanings these attributes express.
1. He was respected by all who knew him for his indefatigable
attention to public business. 2. I have perfect confi dence in my
126
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
husband. 3. She was very happy and full of gratitude and fi lial
love. 4. He advised Walberg to bring the matter to legal arbitration. 5. Modern science possesses much greater powers than the
ancient one. 6. Nobody attached great importance to this case. 7.
What side does he take in modern politics? 8. On this occasion a
man of great research in natural history was with us. 9. We could
see in this youth over the strife of present debility the promise of
future strength. 10. My hopes of future happiness are placed on
the prospect of our marriage. 11. In a scientifi c pursuit there’s
continual food for discovery and wonder. 12. A mind of moderate
capacity, which closely pursues one study, must infallibly arrive
at great profi ciency in that study. 13. Hastening to gain further
proof he found the weapon and his horror raised. 14. The different
accidents of life are not so changeable as the feelings of human nature. 15. I nearly sank to the ground through extreme weakness.
16. He wanted to make himself complete master of the oriental
languages. 17. I hated my former studies and felt great relief in
being with my friends. 18. I had suffi cient leisure for many other
refl ections during my journey to Geneva. 19. I left him in daily
attendance upon the morning circle of an Italian countess. 20.
Soon he occupied himself with tracing the faded records of ancient
glory upon monuments of the Greek Peninsula. 21. How different
were his verses from heroic poetry of Greece and Rome! 22. I don’t
think that English painting really lacks the vivacity of French
one. 23. He changed the air of divine benignity to one expressive
of inextinguishable hatred. 24. The scenery of external nature he
regarded with admiration and loved with ardor. 25. Who can assure themselves of certain happiness in so gross a world? 26. On
every point of general literature he displays unbounded knowledge
and a quick apprehension. 27. I gained additional strength from
the salubrious air I breathed. 28. All day long I remained in my
hovel in a state of utter despair. 29. I suddenly beheld the fi gure of
a man advancing towards me with superhuman speed. I resolved
to wait for his approach and then close with him in mortal combat.
30. Infl amed by pain I vowed eternal hatred to all mankind.
Insert the articles before abstract nouns modifi ed by 22.
certain attributes.
1. It will afford me ... true pleasure to be in any way service-
able to you. 2. She had … knowledge of ... modern painting and …
modern music that not a little impressed Ashenden. 3. For Henry
she was nothing more than ... temporary amusement. 4. He found
himself in ... utter darkness, ... sound, however, guided him. 5. He
127
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
was ... orphan left in ... possession of ... great wealth. 6. There was
no foundation in ... real life for any pleasing pictures from ... books
he had read. 7. He worked as ... docker, although he had been
college-trained in ... architectural science. 8. She fainted and was
restored with ... extreme diffi culty. 9. «Alas», said she, «how shall
I ever again believe in ... human goodness?» 10. By promises of ...
great reward Andrew induced them to take him to ... neighboring
cabin. 11. My present attempts lay ... foundations of ... future success. 12. Do you have ... suffi cient experience to cope with ... work
all by yourself? 13. ... family returned to their apartment and for
some time sat in ... profound silence. 14. ... modern research tends
to emphasizes ... role of ... liver in maintaining ... blood sugar levels. 15. I wasn’t content with ... results promised by ... modern
professors of ... natural science. 16. Felix darted forward with ...
supernatural force. 17. My friend Wyman Halt is a professor of
... English literature. 18. It gave me ... shock to realize that this
man could have suffered ... capital punishment. 19. Let me do the
teaching of ... ancient history in this class. 20. Pretending ... interest gave me suffi ciently ... private opportunity for sizing Holly’s
friends. 21. We had been cautioned to do only ... local fl ying northwest of Baltimore. 22. I see very little point in such plays in terms
of ... social signifi cance. 23. ... child standing on his head expected
and got ... immediate praise. 24. In two major areas – transportation and communication – ... great progress has been made lately.
25. ... disadvantages of ... modern life are, however, not so quickly
seen as its advantages. 26. ... mass production lowered ... cost of
many products, but their quality also decreased.
Translate into English paying special attention to ab-23.
stract nouns modifi ed by certain types of attributes.
1. Обладание подобными сокровищами доставляло ему
огромное удовольствие. 2. Моя собственная семья была
единственной школой, в которой я изучал человеческую
натуру. 3. Это подлинный шедевр французской живописи. 4. Ее
отказ отнял у Мортона всякую надежду на будущее счастье. 5.
В вашем университете читается курс английской литературы?
6. Буржуазная философия принижает роль отдельной личности
в обществе. 7. Эта информация понадобится нам для будущего
исследования. 8. Сейчас семь часов московского времени. 9.
Кого из представителей русской литературы XIX века вы цените
большего всего? 10. У меня достаточно опыта, чтобы занять эту
должность. 11. Вы разбираетесь в современном искусстве? 12.
Я полностью доверяю этому человеку. 13. В Эрмитаже много
128
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
полотен, принадлежащих фламандской школе живописи. 14.
Мы все сознавали надвигающуюся опасность. 15. Не думаю,
что это событие настолько важно для нас. 16. Нельзя отрицать
существенное влияние античной культуры на культуру
современную. 17. Этот подарок имеет только символическую
ценность, но для меня огромное счастье получить его от
тебя. 18. В своей жизни он испытал и мировую известность,
и полное забвение. 19. Бесконечная любовь существует только
в мечтах, в реальной жизни нет ничего вечного. 20. Почему
тебя интересует французская поэзия именно этого периода?
21. Религиозное сознание общества меняется вместе с его
развитием. 22. Кто вам доставляет ежедневную почту? 23.
Архитектура Лондона значительно отличается от московской.
24. Какое достижение русской науки кажется вам наиболее
значительным? 25. Наконец-то он получил полнейшее
удовлетворение от своей работы.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before abstract 24.
nouns.
1. You begin learning ... language by listening to the new
sounds. 2. In speaking to him I’ve been putting ... very strong
constraint on myself. 3. ... heavy silence fell on the public. 4. Da-
vid was a wicked person insensible to ... kindness. 5. I took ...
pride in making my lodgings pretty and comfortable. 6. She went
on speaking with ... energy, calculation and warmth. 7. Great
men never cared for ... fl attery. 8. After ... long silence he resumed his story. 9. All of us had ... great doubts, but John spoke
with such ... decision that we fi nally consented. 10. ... English
grammar is very diffi cult and few students avoid making ... mistakes in it. 11. I remember being speechless with ... happiness
at ... sight of him. 12. It is quite possible that ... biologists will in
... future create ... life in their laboratories. 13. I insist on knowing ... reasons of ... refusal. 14. It was ... unpleasant experience
I’d rather not speak of it. 15. Their invention turned out to be ...
failure. 16. One politician to another: «If you stop telling ... lies
about me, I’ll stop telling ... truth about you». 17. He jumped at
... abruptness of ... question. 18. It was not only ... love he felt for
her but ... deep respect. 19. Being liked doesn’t count so much in
... politics as outsiders think. 20. As I have no watch I cannot tell
you ... time. 21. He has been doing this kind of ... work for quite
... long time and has got a great deal of ... experience. 22. I tried
hard but all my efforts ended in ... failure. 23. Waterproof coats
became in ... fashion and gained ... worldwide popularity at ... end
129
EXERCISES TO CHAPTER 2, 3, 4
of ... 19th century. 24. Don’t you know that you’ve been ... disappointment to your parents for all your life? 25. I felt ... bitter envy
towards everyone who had ... opportunity to get there. 26. Fear
not that I shall be ... instrument of ... future mischief. 27. You,
who call Frankenstein your friend, seem to have ... knowledge
of my crimes and misfortunes. 28. ... jealousy, envy, contempt,
anger, guilt, ... kind of pure amazement which was analogous
to ... admiration strove together in his bosom. 29. He has ... tremendous faith in and love for people. 30. He positively enjoyed ...
atmosphere of ... relaxed drama that surrounded Emma.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before abstract 25.
nouns.
1. Driven by ... necessity he took ... loan from ... bank. 2. There’s
... serenity over her that I’ve never met in anyone before. 3. He
shivered with pleasure at ... thought of ... coming event. 4. My
Daddy is ... hard-working person himself and can’t bear ... idleness
in others. 5. That must be what ... despair look like, she said to
herself. 6. Then, ... arrangements made, ... apologies and thanks
started over again. 7. Nobody in this house dares to have ... life of
his own. 8. Do you think there’s ... grain of ... truth in what he’s
saying? 9. ... choice was made and everybody felt ... relief. 10. He
read ... gossip in ... expressions of his acquaintances, without ...
word spoken. 11. He was in ... state of ... great excitement but
didn’t share his feeling with anyone. 12. Let’s have ... fun together.
... Joys divided are increased, you know. 13. I muttered something
lame about its being ... pity. 14. He has ... reputation of being for
... left-wing politicians. 15. She looked at her son with ... bitter
tenderness. 16. I have ... real passion for reading. 17. There was
... silent understanding within ... family circle that Alan had gone
forever. 18. ... Happiness does make people selfi sh, but so does ...
sorrow. 19. He felt ... sheer blind irritation at being disturbed. 20.
While there’s ... life there’s ... hope. 21. All that happened to you
because of ... mere indiscretion. 22. Following ... laws of ... Nature
needs ... constant observation. 23. You must carefully think before
you take ... decision. 24. I couldn’t bear ... idea of waiting so long.
25. I had ... privilege of meeting your parents some weeks ago.
Fill in the gaps with the proper articles before abstract 26.
nouns.
1. Yesterday I had to give ... evidence for catching ... woman
shop-lifting. 2. There is ... general feeling all around that her run-
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