Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 2 курс. Учебное пособие

Module 2. The world of work

The growing importance of career guidance

As the global economy becomes increasingly competitive, it is more important than ever for students to make informed decisions about their careers — specially with the rise of overseas education opportunities. While studying abroad provides students with a wealthofopportunitiestolearn,grow,andexplorenewcareerpaths, it can also be a confusing and overwhelming experience, especially for students who are unsure about what they may want to do with their lives. This is where career guidance might come in. Career guidance can help students understand their strengths, weaknesses, and interests, and provide them with a clearer picture of the career paths available to them. This can include information on different industries,jobroles,andtheskillsandqualificationsrequiredtosucceed in a given field. It can also provide students with practical support in areas such as resume writing, interview skills, and job search strategies. This can help students make a successful transition into the workforce and achieve their career goals.

Even though there are several reasons that support the growing importance of career guidance to ensure viable career navigation of students, let us look at the 5 most prominent ones:

1. Room for exploration

We cannot ask students today to live inside a box, in complete oblivion. Students need to explore and they deserve that opportunity. Career guidance has proved to be a catalyst in enabling a students’ career exploration. When they are made aware of options, they are better aware and can make informed decisions.

2. Keeping a track of one’s career trajectory

With so many options and opportunities, it is difficult to keep a track of one’s career trajectory. Just like we have a regular health checkup, a continued interaction at regular pre-set intervals with a career counsellor can help students ensure they are progressing in the right career direction.

3. Parents think they know best... not always!

This is the biggest challenge students face today. Their parents and guardians are important stakeholders in the career decision making process. Sometimes parents tend to believe that they know

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 2 курс

bestfortheirchild,theysurelyintendtohelpthechildworktowards the perfect career, but the definition of the ideal career is sometimes suited to them and not their child.

Over the years careers have changed completely, and the choices are endless. It is a learning curve which a lot of people are unaware about, or have intentionally decided to ignore. Forced decisions always lead to challenges. Career guidance attempts to solve this problem by helping students and their respective parents come up with viable career directions for the student. It is also important for parents/guardianstobeawareofthechangingtrendsbeforetheycan have a detailed discussion to be aware of the changing trends before they can have a detailed discussion with their child.

4. Meeting career expectations

We cannot just work towards a career without understanding the possibilities. Careers have limitations to. We need to identify the extent to which a career can be pursued and what are possible pathways that may exist now and in the future.Astudent doesn’t take up a course at university without considering how that will be leveraged in their professional journey. Even though we can’t anticipate possible changes over time, we can surely understand a profession’s viability based on the current and past data that we have.

Career guidance aims to provide clarity and guidance in setting therightexpectationsfromrespectivecareers.Disruptivecareersoften require specific skills and qualifications that may not be covered in traditional education. Career guidance can provide individuals with the knowledge and resources to acquire these skills.

5. Keeping up with uncertainty

We have witnessed a pandemic, a war, and literally a global crisis. Education has had its own set of challenges. From online to hybridorphygital,wearestillmakingsenseofwhatistheretocome next. In all this uncertainty, it has been very difficult for students, rightly so, to navigate a smooth career trajectory or even plan their higher education. Intervention in terms of career guidance has been the only saving grace for several students. From planning backups to re-aligning education plans, it has become more imperative than ever for students to seek guidance as far as their careers are concerned.

Prateek Bhargava

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Module 2. The world of work

Read more at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com//nri/work/the-grow-

ing-importance-of-career-guidance/articleshow/98328216. cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst

Questions:

Do you agree with reasons that support the growing importance of career guidance?

Which reasons do you predict to be of importance in ten years’ time?

2.Find all modal verbs in the text. Define their functions.

3.Study the information on expressive forms of modals:

Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that give sentences deeper and more well-rounded meanings.

Modal verbs include words like: can, may, must, should, would, could, might, will, and shall.

Their purpose is to provide additional information that enhances orhelpsanotherverb.Infact,theychangethemeaningofasentence.

Look at the sentences below to see what we mean.

Joe plays tonight.

The sentence states that Joe is playing tonight.

Joe can play tonight.

However, if you add the modal verb can to the sentence, it implies only that Joe has the ability to play tonight.Whether he will or will not play is not answered.

Can changes the function of the verb play, and that’s actually the function of a modal verb.

Expressive Forms of Modals

The function of a modal verb is to change the expression of a verb. This comes in many variations in English, so let’s break down some of those variations.

Permission

She can go when she’s done with her chores. You may leave whenever you want.

Jessie can’t stay here tonight.

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 2 курс

Can I go to the movies?

They won’t be able to make it this evening.

*Be able to is a modal phrase used to express both permission or ability.

Ability

I can speak English very well.

He could do backflips when he was younger. Can you lift this bag for me?

Tom can’t run a mile.

She wasn’t able to see anything.

Prohibition

You cannot smoke on an airplane. He must not board the plane. Why can’t she come with us?

Obligation

You must stay home when you are sick.

I must go because I have an appointment in 20 minutes. They should be here before we arrive every morning.

Belief

That must be him. He’s the only one wearing a yellow coat.

I haven’t seenhiminyears.Hemust be over70yearsoldbynow. You must have said the right thing because he was very calm

when I arrived.

That must have been therightplace.Ithadthesameporchswing I remember.

Advice

You should stop making such a big deal out of it. You ought to change your plans.

You had better go apologize if you want your job back.

*Had better and ought to are more examples of modal phrases.*

Request

May I sit here?

Would you take this to the garage for me? Will you make me a sandwich?

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Module 2. The world of work

*Though not technically correct, in casual speech you will also hear could and can used in a request.

Hey, could you come here for a second?

Can you take me to soccer practice tomorrow?

Possibility

We could go to the park tomorrow.

You can ask, but I doubt she would say yes. I may arrive a little late this evening.

You can catch the next train in 10 minutes.

Jerry said he might run in the Boston Marathon next year.

Lack of Necessity

You don’t have to go if you don’t want to go.

She need not worry about it. I have everything under control.

IfSentences

If I were you, I wouldn’t say anything else about it.

If we’re going to the mall, we should bring some money.

If they’re thinking about running, tell them they ought to think twice about it.

That’s ten common variations of modal verb usage. Can you think of any more?

4. Fill in the correct form of modal verbs:

_______ Tony run long distances when he was a boy?

_______ you please call a tow truck for me? My car broke down. (polite)

The students _______ to buy their textbooks today. The bookstore is all out of them.

_______ you teach me how to fix my computer?You’re so good at it.

_______ you _______ reach the customer if you call him at 4:00 his time?

They _______ finish the project on time. The main engineer is

ill.

You _______ want to stop by the museum gift shop on your way out.

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 2 курс

_______ I have your autograph?

He _______ visit the Louvre. He’s in Paris anyway.

You _______ park your car here. It’s reserved for guests of the hotel only.

You _______ get your teeth cleaned at least once a year.

The house _______ be ready to move into by next month. It’s almost finished.

Ron _______ to improve his attitude. If he doesn’t, he might get fired.

_______ I get your jacket? It’s cold in here.

You _______ put your feet on the table. It’s not polite.

You _______ tell Anna about the party tomorrow night. It’s a surprise! (must not, need to, doesn’t have to)

Tina _______ register for her classes on Monday, otherwise she won’t get a place in them. (doesn’t have to, mustn’t, has to)

You _______ send that fax. I’ve already sent it. (must, will have to, don’t have to)

A dog _______ get special training in order to be a guide dog. (must, need to, don’t have to)

Jeremy _______ get up early tomorrow. His class was cancelled. (mustn’t, doesn’t have to, don’t need to)

I _______ like to order the onion soup please.

The manager _______ be pleased to hear that a customer slipped on the wet floor.

_______ it be okay if I slept here tonight?

When Igor lived in Russia, he _______ call his mother as often as he does now.

I can assure you sir, the order _______ be shipped out tonight. If you are sick, you _______ go to work. You’ll infect everyone

there.

Drivers _______ stop at red lights.

You _______ finish the proposal today. You can finish it tomorrow.

She _______ hear much better with her new hearing aids.

_______ I order us a bottle of wine?

Sam _______ pick his daughter up from school. She’s taking the bus home.

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Module 2. The world of work

You _______ smoke here. It’s a smoke-free building. You _______ eat so many sweets. They are bad for you.

_______ you mind walking a little faster?We’re going to be late. I’m sorry. I _______ help you. I don’t know how to do it.

Listening and speaking

5. Watch the video and answer the questions. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f6TuiXfkFiI&t=78s

Questions:

Who are ‘opportunity youth’?

What benefits could there be for so called ‘opportunity youth’? Is higher education equally accessible to everyone in your coun-

try? What other ways are there to finance your studies?

What career advice would you give to a recent undergraduate in computer science?

Would you prepare differently for an interview for a big company or a small start-up?

6. Group work: Participate in a mock job interview as an interviewer or as a job candidate.

Unit 2. GETTING A JOB

Goals:

▪use job vocabulary

▪understand and use collocations in focus

▪translate employing the active vocabulary

▪practice vocabulary in creative writing task

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 2 курс

Vocabulary and reading

1. Read the following text.

Inthebustlingcityofopportunity,Janehadjustsentouthercarefully crafted resume: and meticulous cover letter. She hoped that a prospective employer would find her diverse experience and qualifications compelling enough to invite her to an interview. Mean- while,herreferences—formercolleaguesandmentors—stoodready to sing her praises.

Jane was no stranger to the job market’s complexities. She knew that securing a job offer extended far beyond acing the initial interview. Companies often conducted a thorough background check: to verify credentials and ensure the reliability of potential employees. Jane had nothing to hide, but she knew the importance of transparency. As she anticipated the next steps, her mind wandered to her salary expectations. She sought a role that would not only meet her financial needs but also provide opportunities for growth. In today’s evolving labor market, she also valued telecommuting/remote working: as a vital part of modern job flexibility. After several interviews, she was finally presented with a promising job offer. The role included a mandatory probationary period, during which both she and the employer could assess the fit.The company emphasized teamwork, an attribute Jane valued since it fostered an environment of shared success and collaboration. She eagerly awaited her start date, already planning her approach to the onboarding process. A well-structured onboarding program would be key to understanding the corporate culture and expectations.

However, she hoped she would not encounter managers who mi- cromanage,asshethrivedinenvironmentswhereshecouldself-del- egate:tasks.Asthepositionwasfull-time,itpromisedstabilitycom- pared to her previous freelance: gigs and part-time: jobs. Yet, she couldn’t help but reflect on the other types of employment she had considered. From contractors: who took on projects to interns: looking to gain initial experience, the job market was vast and varied. She knew individuals who had been unemployed: for an extended period, and others who had transitioned to being retired. Each category had its own set of challenges and opportunities.

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Module 2. The world of work

One of her new responsibilities involved managing seasonal: employees, who were brought in to handle peak periods. Jane was aware of the need to efficiently integrate them into the team, even if their tenure was short. She aimed to ensure that no one felt out of office, excluded, or disconnected. Deadlines were ever-present in her new role, and she felt the pressure of meeting each critical deadline: without compromising on quality. Jane prepared herself to quickly adapt and contribute, knowing that effective teamwork: would be crucial in meeting these targets. Finally, her first day arrived, and she stepped into the office with a mixture of excitement and apprehension. The onboarding went smoothly, with her new colleagues eagerly offering support. Her manager, unlike those who micromanage, gave her the autonomy to identify areas in need of improvement. Jane felt optimistic about her newfound position and looked forward to making meaningful contributions.

2. Contextualize the following phrases and translate them into Russian.

in the bustling city of opportunity carefully crafted resume meticulous cover letter

to find diverse experience

qualifications compelling enough

to invite

to find diverse experience

qualifications compelling enough

to invite

former colleagues and men-

tors-stood ready to sing references to secure a job offer extended far

beyond acing the initial interview to conduct a thorough background

check

to verify credentials and ensure the

reliability

to verify credentials and ensure the reliability

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 2 курс

to secure a job offer

to be presented with a promising

job offer

included a mandatory probationary

period

company emphasized teamwork

fostered an environment of shared

success

planning her approach to the on-

boarding process

understanding the corporate culture

and expectations

encounter managers who micro-

manage

environments where she could

self-delegate tasks

as the position was full-time

stability compared to her previous

freelance part-time jobs

from contractors

looking to gain initial experience

who had transitioned to being

retired

managing seasonal employees handle peak periods

felt the pressure of meeting each

critical deadline

effective teamwork would be crucial

3. Match the sentences halves.

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