- •Э. И. Серебренникова, и. Е. Кругликова
- •Учебное издание Эмма Исааковна Серебренникова Ирма Евгеньевна Круглякова
- •There is a good library in our Institute.
- •For a term of four years — сроком на четыре года
- •To achieve an outstanding record — достичь выдающегося успеха
- •To hold one of the leading places — занимать одно из первых мест text. The soviet union
- •2. The Degrees of Comparison.
- •Volume ['voljum] monument ['monjumant] motor vehicle I'mouta 'viukl]
- •Text. Moscow
- •Notes on the Text
- •Some Facts about Chemistry
- •Notes on the Text
- •Notes on the Text
- •Notes on the Text
- •Notes on the Text
- •Mass-produced materials — изделия массового производства
- •2. Revision oi the Passive Voice. Text: Laboratory.
- •Ventilating hood ['ventileitig £hud]
- •Notes on the Text
- •Fig. 1. Preparation of hydrogen chloride.
- •Fig. 2. Laboratory apparatus for th& preparation of nitric acid.
- •Fig. 4, a new, simplified technique for catalytic combustion of organic materials in oxygen.
- •A New, Simplified Technique for Catalytic Combustion of Organic Materials in Oxygen
- •Notes on the Text
- •In order to — для того чтобы
- •That is (I. E.) — то есть
- •To take into account — принимать во внимание text. The measurements in chemistry
- •2. The Suffixes.
- •Notes on the Text
- •To call for — требовать; нуждаться
- •Half-life — период полураспада
- •To dispense with — обходиться без тв xt. Radioactivity
- •What did research-workers understand?
- •Iron rod subsequent heating, temporary alteration reversed
- •Notes on the Text
- •Nevertheless — тем не менее
- •Just as — также как
- •To result from — происходить, проистекать text. Chemical and physical changes
- •2. The use of that.
- •Notes on the Text
- •1 In contrast to — в противоположность 2. Any given sample — любой имеющийся образец 3 one and a half times — в полтора раза
- •Index of refraction — коэффициент преломления
- •10 Times larger — в 10 раз больше
- •Notes on the Text
- •In the case of uranium — если мы имеем дело с ураном (в случае с
- •Regular atoms — обычные атомы
- •To be of great significance — иметь большое значение
- •Radioactive and Stable Isotopes
- •Stable Isotopes
- •Grammar: 1. The Emphatic Construction. The use of for. Revision of the Participle. Text: Some Semiconducting Materials. Lesson 15
- •This semiconductor was used in this device by our research-workers.
- •Notes on the Text
- •Notes on the Text
- •1. In turn — в свою очередь
- •Iodine crystals
- •Conductivity
- •The Metallic Elements
- •Notes on the Text
- •Owing to the presence — благодаря присутствию
- •In terms of — на основании, исходя из...
- •Low and high humidity.
- •In brackets:
- •2. Either ... Or, neither . . . Nor. Text: Solid State.
- •Notes on the Text
- •In this respect — в этом отношении
- •A great deal of — много
- •The electrons in a metal proved thus to move freely — таким образом оказалось, что электроны в металле двигаются свободно
- •Notes on the Text
- •On a large scale в большом масштабе, количестве, широко
- •As late as the end of the 19th century — еще в конце XIX века
- •Text. The nature of polymeric materials
- •2. Review of the Subjunctive Mood. Text: Colloids and Colloidal Particles.
- •Notes on the Text
- •Text. Colloids and colloidal particles
- •Grammar: 1. The Infinitive forms and their functions. 2. Review of the Adverbs. Text: Man-Made Elements. Lesson 22
- •Notes on the Text
- •First of all — прежде всего
- •Energetic particle-accelerators — ускорители высоких энергий text. Man-made elements
- •Grammar: 1. The Objective Infinitive Construction. 2. The use of much. Text: Laser Light. Lesson 23
- •We knew that the delegation had arrived. 2. They learned that he had carried out the experiment by the end of the week. 3. They expected that he had passed his last exam well.
- •Notes on the Text
- •How Light is Analysed
- •Revision of the Perfect Tenses.
- •The use of few, a few, little, a little.
- •Notes on the Text
- •To put it another way — другими словами
- •In conjunction with — вместе, сообща text. The microbiological production of industrial chemicals
- •Notes on the Text
- •Text. The chemical elements essential to life
- •Text. Pollutson
- •Air Pollution
- •Water Pollution
- •Grammar: Review of the Absolute Participle Construction and the Subjective Infinitive Construction.
- •Text. Energy
- •Energy and Temperature
- •Grammar: 1. General review of the Infinitive. 2. Review of the ing-forms and Subjunctive Mood. Text: Some Facts about Quantum Mechanics. Lesson 33
- •Text. Some facts about quantum mechanics
- •Carbon Dioxide
- •Exercises for translating the passive voice
- •The modal verbs and their equivalents
- •The gerund
- •The infinitive
- •Whether
- •The participles
- •The infinitive
- •Suppleme nta r y rea ding the discovery of the nuclei atoms
- •Nuclear chemistry
- •Organometallic compounds
- •Photochemistry
- •The chemistry of polymers I
- •The carbon dioxide
- •Some facts about electrons and protons
- •The decay of the proton
- •The quantum theory and reality
- •Negative absol ute temperatures
- •What is viscosity?
- •A protein molecule as computer sensor
- •Electron theory
- •New chemistry of an old molecule
- •Is wrong.
- •Существительное (The Noun)
- •Падеж (The Case)
- •11 Англо-русский частотный словарь по химии и химической техно- логии/Под ред. Г. Б. Архипова и л. Эдед.— Изд-во вхту, внр, 1983.
- •1 Glue — клей
- •Notes on the Text
- •2. Review of that, those,
- •Notes on the Text
- •1. Not at all — вообще не, совсем не text. Nuclear fission
- •6X« t. Remember the following words:
- •8. The results obtained in attempting to prepare atoms of an atomic number higher than that of uranium.
- •Notes on the Text
- •A great deal of — много
- •...Is engaged in industry...— заняты в промышленности
- •The use of once.
- •Review of only, the only, for. Text: Helium.
- •In association with — в связи с
- •Except for — за исключением
- •To face the problem — встать перед проблемой, столкнуться с проблемой text. Helium
- •Notes on the Text
- •Text. Computer experiments in chemistry, electronic computers
- •Grammar: 1. Revision of the Infinitive Constructions.
What questions did the discovery of radioactivity raise?
What did research-workers try to do in the beginning?
What did research-workers understand?
What have they found further?
What was the first clue that led to the formulation of some laws?
How can the half-life be defined?
Ex. 19. Read the text and retell it:
The Discovery of X-Rays and Radioactivity
Several great scientific discoveries were made in a period of a few years, beginning in 1895. These discoveries made great changes in chemistry as well as in physics.
X-rays were discovered in 1895, radioactivity was discovered in 1896, the new radioactive elements polonium and radium were isolated in the same year, and the electron was discovered in 1897.
W. Rontgen reported that he had discovered a new kind of rays called X-rays. These rays are produced when electricity is passed through a tube.
The rays are outside of the tube, they radiate from the place where the cathode-ray electrons strike the glass.
Soon after the discovery of X-rays the French physicist Henri Becquerel investigated some minerals containing uranium. He found that these minerals emit rays that/like X-rays, can pass through black paper and expose a photographic plate. He also found that the radiation produced by the uranium minerals could, like X-rays, discharge an electroscope.
Marie Curie began a systematic investigation of “Becquerel radiation” using the electroscope as a test. She found that natural pitchblende, an ore of uranium, is several times more active than purified uranjum oxide.
Ex. 20. Listen to the following tape-recorded text and answer the ques-
tions that follow:
The discovery of radioactivity by Henri Becquerel in 1896 dispelled the belief that all atoms are permanent. The detected energetic particles were later understood as being emitted when the nuclei of the atoms of a radioactive substance decay spontaneously into other atomic nuclei. The nuclei of
stabJe°n e^emen*s suc^ as hydrogen and oxygen are absolutely
all *1°^ ^veral theoretical reasons to suspect that
is in snmA nUC n1 ^timately decay and hence that all matter one nMbi +Sma! degrece rad!oactive. In a decay of this kind ton nr я WOr types °t particles in the atomic nuclei, a pro-
enerpetic пяггТП’ W1 sPontane°usly transformed into UD ofd lv ni very different from the particles that make up ordinary atoms. Even the lightest nucleus, that of hvdrouen Which consists of a single proton, would be subject to deSy!
9’ Wh6? avi1CLHej?n Bec4uerel discover radioactivity?
What did the discovery of radioactivity dispell?
a wn? can,energetic particles be emitted?
What nuclei can be absolutely stable?
clei decay?* reaS°nS ^ thefe to SUspect that a11 atomic
Grammar:
1. Participle II; when, if + Participle II. To.*
m
/.
No
before the Noun, text.
Chemical and Physical Changes.
Ex. 1. Pronounce the following words:
I***
behaviour
[bi'heivjo] further ['foida] sufficiently [so'fifontli] bubble
['ЬлЫ]
diminish
[di'mmiJJ disappear [(diso'pia]
altogether [pilto'geSo]
enough [I'nAf] ’ - •
content ['kontent] unprotected ['лпргэЧекЫ] nevertheless Г nevaSo'lesl cool [ku:l] just [d3Ast]
temporary ['temporori] alteration fpilta'reijnj regain [ri'gem] tf,
Ex. 2. Read fluently the following word combinations: