4. Grammar
4.1. Comparative & Superlative Forms
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Superlative degree – найвища ступень
Comparative degree – порівняльна ступень
Adjective – прикметник
Adverb - прислівник
Revision 1: Read and compare the following blocks of examples of comparative and superlative forms.
1. In one-syllable adjectives -er and -est are added.
He is wise.
He is wiser.
He is the wisest.
2. er and –est are used with two –syllable adjectives that end in – y. The final –y is changed into –i.
I am busy.
I am busier than an hour ago. -
I am the busiest person in the world
.
3. More and the most are used with long adjectives.
It is important.
It is more important than anything else.
It is the most important of all.
Irregular comparative forms.
Nick is good.
Nick is better than Bob.
Nick is the best of all.
5. More and the most are used with adverbs that end in -ly.
Do it carefully.
Do it more carefully than before.
Do it the most carefully.
Revision 2: Read and compare some more examples of comparative and superlative forms. Then give your own examples.
1. Comparative forms.
I’m older than my brother
I’m older than he is.
I’m older than him.
2. Tom is much /a lot/ far older than I am.
Ben is a little/a bit older than me.
John is less strong than Greg.
3. A pen is less expensive than a book.
A pen is not as expensive as a book.
Your dress is the same colour as mine.
Lucy has got as many dresses as Niki.
No one else can type as fast as she does.
She types faster than anyone else.
The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
This hotel is more comfortable than the other one.
4. John and Mary have the same/similar/different books.
That car is similar to this one.
5. No one else can paint like her.
There is no place like home.
She swims like a fish.
Do as I tell you.
6. Double comparatives.
The harder you study, the more you will learn
The more you live, the more you learn.
The harder he works, the more money he makes.
The warmer the weather, the better I like it.
7. Superlative forms.
Tokyo is one of the largest cities in the world
David is the most generous person I have ever known.
Those books are quite good, but this one is the best of all.
The final exam was the least difficult of all.
It’s the thickest forest I’ve ever seen.
He is by far the cleverest student in our group.
Practice –Grammar in use
Task 1: Give the comparative and superlative forms of the following adjectives and adverbs.
E.g.: high – higher – the highest
|
slow careful slowly active funny wet clean clear serious |
bad interesting friendly easy difficult courageous cheap expensive far |
Task 2: Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the adjective/adverb in brackets.
1. I like living in the country. It’s a lot ______ (peaceful) than the city.
2. I felt very ill last week, but I’m slightly ______ (good) now.
3. I can’t hear you. Could you speak a little ______ (loud), please?
4. Steve is ______ (tall) boy in the basketball team.
5. This computer is very old. I need something ______ (modern).
6. The new library is much ______ (close) to my house than the old one.
7. Jane’s new haircut makes her look much ______ (attractive).
8. This jacket was ______ (expensive) of all.