16. Перетворіть речення Passive Voice на Active Voice:

1.

1. These rules have already been explained by our teacher.

2. This text is being translated by my friend now.

3. Many new books have been received by our library.

4. Odessa is visited by lots of tourists from different parts of the world.

5. The letter was received by my parents yesterday.

6. A new experiment is being made by our scientists now.

2.

1. The telescope was invented by Galileo.

2. The first chemical laboratory in Russia was founded by Lomonosov.

3. The wave theory of light was put forward by Christian Huygens.

4. The theory of the structure of electron was worked out by Dirac.

5. A theory of matter as composed of electrons was built up by the Dutch theoretical physicist Lorenz.

6. The fundamental conceptions of kinematics and dynamics were established by Galileo.

7. The photoelectric effect was discovered by Heinrich Hertz.

3.

1. The gamma rays are affected by a magnetic field.

2. Elements are characterized by some properties distinguishing them from other substances.

3. Commercial oxygen is made by a process known as electrolysis of water.

4. Neutrons are characterized by the absence of charge.

5. A liquid will be transformed into gas by adding heat.

6. This new method is being studied by us.

7. The operation of semiconductor devices was greatly affected by temperature.

17. Виберіть відповідний прийменник. Перекладіть речення.

1.

By / with

1. In recent years many discoveries have been made … our scientists.

2. The manufacture of electronic instruments for technical diagnostics had been started … instrument makers in Ukraine.

3. The text is being translated … a dictionary.

4. In winter the earth is covered … snow.

5. New elements were discovered … means of the spectroscope.

6. Many things are explained … the help of this theory.

2.

by / in

1. A modern university campus had been built … the end of the year.

2. The University of Glasgow was founded … 1451.

3. The letter will have been written … the time they come.

4. Polyethylene was discovered … 1933.

5. The exams have been successfully passed … the end of June.

3.

After / before

1. … his paper had been published he received a lot of letters.

2. … everything for the experiment had been arranged he started to work.

3. We had studied these materials … we began use them in our work.

4. The lecture had been finished … they came.

4.

In / into

1. Part of the energy is changed … heat.

2. The text is being translated … English.

3. This work will be finished … two days.

4. Special measuring instruments are installed … the observatory.

5. The academic year is divided … terms.

18. Перекладіть речення, звертаючи увагу на особливості утворення та перекладу пасивних конструкцій:

1.

1. New achievements of our scientists are spoken about.

2. This fact is often referred to.

3. The taxi was sent for.

4. Our meeting was agreed upon.

5. Whom was the letter written to?

6. The lecturer was attentively listened to.

2.

1. They were asked to take part in the conference.

2. We have been told to fulfill this work at once.

3. She is very well spoken of.

4. We are shown the way to the station.

5. Why are you being laughed at? Have you done anything funny?

6. What is the paper made of?

7. I was shown this wonderful picture.

3.

1. His lecture was listened to with great interest.

2. This invention has been spoken of for a long time.

3. This experiment is being carried on in our laboratory.

4. This material will be made use of at the lecture.

5. People are taken good care of at health resorts.

6. This event is being commented upon in a today’s newspaper.

7. This discovery is often referred to in scientific literature.