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4. Сокращенные формы придаточных предложений в условных предложениях и инверсия

BUT FOR

IF IT WERE NOT FOR

ЕСЛИ БЫ НЕ

IF IT HAD NOT BEEN FOR

If it were not for him I would never have become a doctor.

Если бы не он, я бы никогда не стал врачом.

But for the bad weather we would have gone for a walk

yesterday. Если бы не плохая погода, мы бы вчера

пошли погулять.

В условных предложения возможно употребление инверсии.

В литературном стиле конструкции

were I/ you / he / she /we /they/ it,

had I1 you I he/she/we/they/it

могут быть использованы вместо конструкций

if I/ you / he/ she/ we/ they/it were,

if I/ you / he /she/we/they/it had.

Пример: Were you really ill, I might feel more sympathetic .Была бы ты действительна больна, я бы посочувствовал тебе.

Had I known he was ill, I would never have shouted at him.

Знал бы я, что он болен, то никогда бы не накричал на него.

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

1. Переведите, обращая внимание на сокращенные придаточные предложения.

1. If it were not for Hopes, the Heart would break.

  1. We owe a lot to Thomas Edison - if it were not for him, we'd be watching television by candlelight.

  2. If it had not been for his good looks, he wouldn't have gone on the stage, he would have gone into the army like his father.

  3. When Rosa Parks refused to move to the back of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1955, she might have gone to jail and been forgotten if it hadn't been for the mass media.

  4. We'd be at the top of the mountain but for this awful weather.

  5. If it hadn't been for the war, Larry would have stayed on the farm.

  6. Whole industries would have collapsed but for the massive injection of public funds.

  7. After President Wilson suffered a paralytic stroke his wife took over his job. If it had not been for Edith, he could long since have been removed from office for inability to perform his duties as president.

  8. Dinosaurs wouldn't have died out if it had not been for a combination of climate changes and competition from mammals in the changing conditions.

  9. Jackues Piccard could never have conquered the Mariana Trench in 1960 if had not been for his father, Auguste, a Swiss scientist who designed and constructed the bathyscaphe.

2. Перефразируйте предложения используя конструкции if it were not for, if it had not been for, but for.

1. Thanks to your carelessness these important documents were lost.

2. Our flight was delayed due to a strike of air-traffic controllers.

3. Because of the snow schools have been closed and children told to stay at home.

4. He is being criticized for his failure to complete the work.

5. Without his influence, the outcome of the conflict would have been unpre­dictable.

6. He's not playing in the afternoon's game because of his leg injury.

7. Without your advice, I wouldn't have made the right choice.

8. I'm sure it's because of the children that she hasn't left her husband.

9. Many young people postponed starting families because of the recession.

10. The meeting was postponed because the chairman had fallen ill.