2. Read and translate the text: Solar Energy

Annually the Sun supplies the Earth with a great number of the radiant energy, more than 20,000 times greater than the worlds total power consumption. In other words, only a very small fraction of solar energy reaching the Earth is utilized. One of the main problems is the discovery of ways and means of making more effective the use of solar radiation, the energy of which is practically unlimited.

The Sun is the source of all main forms of energy. It gives warmth and life. From very ancient times man has made attempts to harness the solar energy. Today solar energy can be converted into electricity at a comparatively low efficiency rate. Sunlight does not produce high temperatures. It may heat metal so as to make it uncomfortable to the touch, but this is obviously not enough to power an efficient motor. For this, powerful concentrators of solar energy have to be created.

Much has already been done to promote the industrial uses of solar energy. Thus in many countries solar water heaters are used. One square meter of such a heater saves as much as 200 kilograms of a fuel a year. Solar energy is utilized in Britain, Algeria, Italy and other countries.

A lot of work on solar energy utilization is being conducted in Central Asia. The reason is simple enough: the amount of solar energy that hits the ground here at noon is nearly equal to the capacity of the famous Dnipro Hydroelectric Station.

The sun is also used for producing low temperatures, solar air conditioners cost only about one – fifth or one – sixth as much as electric conditioners.

Special solar installations are used in deserts to produce distilled water. Scientists are working much in settling major problems of utilizing solar energy.

3. Translate into English:

1. Сонце дає нам світло, тепло і енергію.

2. Вчені знають багато способів використання енергії.

3. Однією з головних проблем людства є відкриття шляхів більш ефективного використання сонячної енергії.

4. Одна форма енергії, як відомо, перетворюється в іншу.

5. Люди перетворюють сонячну енергію на корисну енергію, яка їм потрібна.

4. Find the nouns corresponding to the following words in the text, translate them into Ukrainian:

To radiate, to help, to utilize, to concentrate, to create, to produce, to conduct, to work, to settle.

5. Decide, whether the statements below are true or false:

1. Annually the Sun supplies the Earth with a great number of the radiant energy.

2. The Sun is not the source of all main forms of energy.

3. Today solar energy can be converted into electricity at a comparatively low efficiency rate.

4. Sunlight produces high temperatures.

5. A lot of work on solar energy utilization is being conducted in Central Asia.

6. The sun is not used for producing low temperatures.

7. Special solar installations are used in deserts to produce distilled water.

6. State what sentence “a” or “b” is the translation of the given sentences:

1. To solve this problem is rather difficult.

1. Розв’язати цю задачу досить важко.

в) Щоб розв’язати цю проблему, треба важко працювати.

2. We know alloys to be used in welding.

a) Ми знаємо, що сплави застосовуються при зварюванні.

в) Ми знаємо сплави, які використовуються при зварюванні.

3. Grammar is known to be the basis of every language.

a) Відомо, що граматика є основою кожної мови.

в) Граматика є основою кожної мови.

4. The device to be tested is of great importance.

a) Прилад, який треба випробувати, має велике значення.

в) Прилад, який випробовують, має велике значення.