10. Communicative situation:

1. Speak with your group-mate on the topic:” Nuclear energy and the environment”.

2. Make a short report on the topic:” Matter and its molecular and atomic constitution”.

11. Retell the text. Topic: mechanics and its elements grammar: present perfect continuous tense

1. Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:

motion	-рух
rectilinear	-прямий
curvilinear	-кривий
traverse	-перетинати
equal rate	-однаковий темп швидкісті
Uniform motion	-постійний рух
uniformly retarded	-постійно сповільнений
uniformly accelerated	-постійно прискорений
terrestrial	-земний
equilibrium	-рівновага

2. Read and translate the text: Mechanics and its elements

Mechanics is the sciences about motion and forces. The motion of a body occurs in space, space being one of the fundamental elements in mechanics. Time is likewise such an element in mechanics.

Every point of a moving body describes a path of definite form relative to a basic system; this path is called a trajectory. A trajectory may be either of straight or curved lines, in accordance with which the motion of a point is then described either as rectilinear or curvilinear. A moving point traverses a definite distance, the length of which as covered in a definite interval of time will depend upon the speed of the moving point. If the point travels equal distances in equal intervals of time, its speed will be constant and its motion is then called uniform. In other cases the motion is called non-uniform or variable.

If speed changes at an equal rate in equal intervals of time the motion is called either uniformly accelerated or uniformly retarded, change in speed being called acceleration.

In investigating mechanical motion of bodies and their state of rest, another quantity is met with which determines the action of one body upon another; that quantity is called force.

Mechanics also treats of terrestrial bodies in a state of equilibrium. Here we seek the conditions under which forces acting on a body are brought into equilibrium.

That part of kinetics dealing with equilibrium of forces and the consequent state of rest of a body is known as statics, the investigation of motion of bodies under the action of forces applied to them constitutes another branch of kinetics called dynamics.

Statics dealing with the equilibrium of forces, the laws of composition of forces are of primary importance in statics.

3. Define the suffixes and translate the words into Ukrainian:

Mechanical, deformation, instance, mechanics, interaction, magnitude, equilibrium, condition, importance, important, resistance, attraction, friction, variety.

4. Give the synonyms for the following words:

Earth, road, thanks to, hence, instance, strength, illustration, power, differ, to remove, significant.

5. Give antonyms to the following words and translate them into Ukrainian:

Rectilinear, under, unequal, without, unnecessary, to be insignificant, never, impossible, unimportant, small, light.

6. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:

1. Механіка це наука про рух і сили.

2. Динаміка вивчає рух тіл під діянням прикладенних до них сил.

3. Статика – розділ механіки, який вивчає рівновагу сил.

4. Траекторія – лінія, яку описує рухома точка.

5. Рухи точки розділяються на прямолінійні і кріволінійні в залежності від вигляду траекторії.

7. Answer the following questions:

1. What does mechanics study?

2. Can you give any examples of mechanical phenomena?

3. What is a force in mechanics?

4. What does statics deal with?

5. What is of primary importance in statics?

6. Are the force of gravity and the force of friction important factors in equilibrium of forces?

7. What does dynamics deal with?

8. Put the following sentences into interrogative and negative forms as it is in the example:

We have been learning English for two years.

Have you been learning English for two years?

You have not been learning English for two years.

1. They have been living here for two years.

2. She has been working in the library for an hour.

3. He has bee waiting for him since two o’clock.

4. He has been waiting for her for three hours.

9. Put the verbs in brackets in the Present Perfect Continuous Tense:

1. He (to run) for ten minutes without any rest.

2. They (to work) in the reading-room for already three hours.

3. She (to play volley-ball) since breakfast time.

4. I (to live) in St.Petersburg since 1990.

5. We (to read) for already two hours

6. He (to write) books since he was a young man.

7. Wake up! You (to sleep) for ten hours already.

10. Communicative situations:

1. Make a short report on the topic: “The science of mechanics”.

2. Make up a dialogue On the topic: “Fundamental elements of mechanics”.

11. Retell the text.