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Методичка 2011-1 курс.docx
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  1. Learn these words and word-combinations and put them into your vocabularies:

  2. Pollution- забруднення environment-довкілля

  3. Definition- визачення worried- занепокоєний

  4. Harmful- шкідливий affect- вплив

  5. Dangerous- небезпечний damaging-руйнівний

  6. Cause- спричиняти destroy- руйнувати

  7. Exist- існувати layer- шар

  8. Reach- досягати recent-недавній

  9. Research-дослідження hole- дірка

  10. Increase- збільшення acid- кислота

  11. Contain- містити в собі aim- мета

  12. Conservation- охорона природи protection-захист

  13. Plant- рослина exhaust fumes- вихлопні гази

  14. Dumping- вивалювання waste-відходи

  15. Can- бляшана банка rainforest-тропічний ліс

  16. Recycle- переробляти resources-ресурси

  17. Save- зберігати valuable- цінний

2. Read the information about pollution and environment, translate it and share your opinions with your friends:

People are more worried about the environment as a result of the harmful effects of human activity. Some of these activity cause pollution and some are destroying the environment. Here are some of the problem:

the ozone layer: a layer of gases which stop harmful radiation from the sun reaching the Earth; recent research shows that there is now a hole in parts of the ozone layer.

global warming: an increase in world temperature caused by an increase in carbon dioxide.

acid rain: rain that contains dangerous chemicals; this is caused by smoke from factories.

Common causes of damage:

-smoke from factories;

-car exhaust fumes;

-dumping (=throwing away) industrial waste (=unwanted materials) in seas and rivers;

-aerosol cans (usually called sprays). Some of these contain a chemical which can damage the ozone layer.

-cutting down tropical rainforests. This increases carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

How can we help?

-don’t throw away bottles, newspapers, etc. take them to a bottle bank or newspaper bank, and then they can be recycled (=used again).

-plant more trees;

-don’t waste resources. Try to save them.

3. Read and translate the text, find the unknown words in it and write them down into your vocabularies: Protection of Environment in Ukraine

Protection of the environment in Ukraine is paid much attention to. The worsening of ecological situation has been closely linked to the Chernobyl exposition. On April 26, 1986, a fire burnt out of control and released radioactive materials. The disaster killed 31 persons immediately and caused the hospitalization of about 500 others. It had caused widespread illnesses and made the land in the area unusable. A radioactive cloud spread from the plant over most of Europe. Radiation even spread so far as to appear in Asia and in the North America.

Another issue of concern in Ukraine is the question of where to put nuclear waste. This waste is largely the spent fuel of reactors. It is radioactive, and some of its components remain so forever. The waste is held at temporary sites until a solution of the problem can be found. At present the most promising solution of the problem of waste storage is recycling.

Another environmental problem is air pollution. One of its results is acid rain. It is caused by smoke from factories and transport.

Nowadays the emission of smoke is strictly controlled by special governmental agencies. The activity of various environmental organizations helps to improve the situation. Among the leading environmental organizations in Ukraine are the Greenpeace and the Green Party. They are very popular with the youth in Ukraine.

  1. Why is protection of the environment in Ukraine paid much attention to?

  2. What has happened on April 26, 1986 in Chernobyl?