Бригадина О.В. История культуры России новейшего времени 1917-2000 гг

(1981), “G_ mfbjZc ij_`^_ kf_jlb” JZ[hlu \ dbgh “>_lkdbc kZ^” (1984),

“Ihohjhgu KlZebgZ” (1990).

22 OZqZlmjyg :jZf –1978) – dhfihablhj gZjh^guc Zjlbkl KKKJ ZdZ^_fbd

:G :jf_gbb =_jhc KhpbZebklbq_kdh]h Ljm^Z EZmj_Zl E_gbgkdhc b =hkm ^Zjkl\_gghc ij_fbc KKKJ

23 :dk_gh\ <Zkbebc IZ\eh\bq – ibkZl_ev Z\lhj ih\_kl_c wdki_jbf_glZevguo jhfZgh\ im[ebpbklbdb K \ wfb]jZpbb

24=eZamgh\ Bevy K_j]__\bq – `b\hibk_p b ]jZnbd gZjh^guc om^h`gbd KKKJ

:\lhj fZkrlZ[guo ihehl_g h kZfh[ulghc Jhkkbb “Fbkl_jby OO \_dZ”, “<_qgZy Jmkv”, “Fhy `bagv” Hkgh\Zl_ev b j_dlhj Jhkkbckdhc ZdZ^_fbb `b\hibkb \Zygby b ah^q_kl\Z

25Hdm^`Z\Z ;meZl RZe\h\bq –1997) – ihwl k[hjgbd “:j[Zl fhc :j[Zl”, 1976;

“Fbehklb km^v[u” Z\lhj ih\_kl_c b jhfZgh\ Z\lhjkdbo i_k_g EZmj_Zl =hkm- ^Zjkl\_gghc ij_fbb KKKJ b ij_fbb ;md_jZ

26S_^jbg Jh^bhg DhgklZglbgh\bq – dhfihablhj gZjh^guc Zjlbkl KKKJ

H^bg ba \_^msbo fZkl_jh\ kh\j_f_gghc fmaudb hi_jZ “F_jl\u_ ^mrb” [Ze_lu “DZjf_g-kxblZ” (1967), “:ggZ DZj_gbgZ” (1972), “QZcdZ” (1979), “>ZfZ k kh[Zqdhc” (1985). EZmj_Zl E_gbgkdhc b =hkm^Zjkl\_gguo ij_fbc KKKJ b JN

27Ompb_\ FZje_g FZjlbgh\bq – dbghj_`bkk_j gZjh^guc Zjlbkl KKKJ

eZmj_Zl =hkm^Zjkl\_gghc ij_fbb JN

28L_g^jydh\ <eZ^bfbj N_^hjh\bq –1984) – ibkZl_ev Z\lhj hkljhdhgnebdlguo ih\_kl_c h ^_j_\g_ ^moh\gh-gjZ\kl\_gguo ijh[e_fZo kh\j_f_ggbdh\ :\lhj l g “]hjh^kdbo jhfZgh\”, jhfZgZ “Ihdmr_gb_ gZ fbjZ`b”(1988).

29Jh`^_kl\_gkdbc Jh[_jl B\Zgh\bq –1994) – ihwl Z\lhj ]jZ`^Zgkdhc ebjbdb –

k[ “Jh\_kgbdm”, “=hehk ]hjh^Z”, “Wlh \j_fy”, “<hajZkl”; ihwfu “Ibkvfh \ XXX \_d”, “J_d\b_f” EZmj_Zl =hkm^Zjkl\_gghc ij_fbb KKKJ (1979).

280

= E : < : VI

KBKL?FGUC DJBABK B DMEVLMJ:.

K_j_^bgZ 60-o – k_j_^bgZ 80-o ]]

<<?>?GB? D >HDMF?GL:F

Ijb hl[hj_ fZl_jbZeh\ ^ey wlhc ]eZ\u mqblu\Zehkv qlh fgh]b_ ^b j_dlb\gu_ ^hdmf_glu rbjhdh him[ebdh\Zgu \ fgh]hlhfguo k[hjgbdZo b oj_klhfZlbyo b ^hklmigu klm^_glZf >hdmf_glu jm[jbdb “GZmdZ b h[

jZah\Zgb_” ihk\ys_gu lZdbf \hijhkZf dZd k\h[h^Z ebqghklb mq_gh]h

k\yav gZmdb k ijhba\h^kl\hf ih^]hlh\dZ dZ^jh\ \ kbkl_f_ ijhnl_oh[jZ ah\Zgby

Hkgh\gh_ \gbfZgb_ h[jZs_gh gZ ^hdmf_glZevgh_ ih^l\_j`^_gb_ m`_ [_kkihjgh]h nZdlZ kms_kl\h\Zgby \ h[s_kl\_ ³aj_eh]h khpbZebafZ´ ^\mo dmevlmj – hnbpbZevghc b ³^jm]hc´ dmevlmju H nhjfZo dhgljhey \ wlhc

kn_j_ fh`gh km^blv ih l_dklm aZdjulh]h ihklZgh\e_gby K_dj_lZjbZlZ PD DIKK ³H ih\ur_gbb hl\_lkl\_gghklb jmdh\h^bl_e_c hj]Zgh\ i_qZ lb jZ^bh l_e_\b^_gby mqj_`^_gbc dmevlmju b bkdmkkl\Z aZ b^_cgh-

iheblbq_kdbc mjh\_gv im[ebdm_fuo fZl_jbZeh\ b j_i_jlmZjZ´^hd ‹ Wlbf j_r_gb_f nZdlbq_kdb ij_^\Zjbl_evgZy iheblbq_kdZy

p_gamjZ i_j_^Z\ZeZkv kZfbf l\hjq_kdbf hj]ZgbaZpbyf Ij_^klZ\e_ggu_ aZibkdb b hlq_lu hj]Zgh\ D=; \ Kh\_l Fbgbkljh\ b PD DIKK h gZ kljh_gbyo kj_^b l\hjq_kdhc bgl_eeb]_gpbb h ³ijhnbeZdlbjh\Zgbb beb ijb\e_q_gbb d m]heh\ghc hl\_lkl\_gghklb aZqbgsbdh\´ k\b^_l_evkl\mxl h ih\ur_gbb jheb j_ij_kkb\guo hj]Zgh\ \ kn_j_ dmevlmju ^hd ‹ 8, 9,

15, 19, 29, 31, Im[ebdm_fu_ ^hdmf_glu m]em[eyxl ij_^klZ\e_gb_ h

nhjfbjh\Zgbb \ g_^jZo kh\_lkdh]h h[s_kl\Z dZl_]hjbb bgZdhfukeysbo hlklZb\Zxsbo ijZ\h gZ k\h[h^m fukeb b l\hjq_kl\Z < ]eZ\_ ihf_s_gu fZl_jbZeu h km^_[guo ijhp_kkZo gZ^ : Kbgy\kdbf X >Zgbwe_f b

B ;jh^kdbf ^hd ‹ 20, 21, 23).

< p_ehf ih^[hj ^hdmf_glh\ hkms_kl\eyeky k lZdbf jZkq_lhf qlh[u h[_ki_qblv \ ijhp_kk_ h[km`^_gby ihbkd hl\_lh\ gZ fgh]b_ dhgdj_lgu_

281

\hijhku ih^l\_j^blv gZebqb_ \ bgl_eeb]_glghc kj_^_ ihl_gpbZeZ h[ gh\e_gby < dZq_kl\_ ijbf_jZ ih^oh^Z d j_r_gbx ih^h[gh]h jh^Z ijh

ZdZ^_fbdZ I E DZibpu k ij_^k_^Zl_e_f D=; KKKJ X < :g^jhih\uf^hd ‹ njZ]f_glu ba ibk_f ba\_klguo ^_yl_e_c dmevlmju b gZmdb X I Ex[bfh\Z B : Fhbk__\Z D Kbfhgh\Z X Hjeh\Z \ PD DIKK b ebqgh =_g_jZevghfm k_dj_lZjx E ;j_`g_\m ^hd ‹ 6, 7, 16, 17, Jy^ fZl_jbZeh\ ihk\ys_g dbghj_`bkk_jm : LZjdh\kdhfm ^hd ‹ 10, b F Jhkljhih\bqm ^hd ‹ >hdmf_glu hljZ`Zxl jZaghh[jZagu_ nhj fu ijhlb\h^_ckl\by ijZdlbd_ p_gamjguo h]jZgbq_gbc Z^fbgbkljbjh- \Zgby \ bkdmkkl\_ bkdexq_gby ba l\hjq_kdbo khxah\ Bgl_j_k ij_^- klZ\eyxl fZl_jbZeu h \hagbdgh\_gbb \ KKKJ kZfba^ZlZ l _ \g_-

p_gamjghc ebl_jZlmju h ^_yl_evghklb fhkdh\kdbo ebl_jZlhjh\ \ ZevfZ gZo_ ³F_ljhihev´ ^hd ‹ H ijhlb\hj_qb\hklb jZa\blby kh

\_lkdh]h h[s_kl\Z b _]h dmevlmju k\b^_l_evkl\mxl ij_^eh`_ggu_ \gb fZgbx njZ]f_glu ba Dhgklblmpbb KKKJ ] njZ]f_glu hlq_lZ

ijZ\e_gby KI KKKJ h ijh^_eZgghc jZ[hl_ b klbohl\hj_gb_ : =ZebqZ ³G_hdhgq_ggZy i_kgy´ ^hd ‹ Ij_^klZ\e_ggu_ fZl_jbZeu g_h^ghjh^gu ih h[t_fm bgnhjfZpbb ]em[bg_ ZgZebaZ nZdlheh]bq_-

kdhfm gZiheg_gbx hgb g_ fh]ml ij_l_g^h\Zlv gZ ihegh_ hk\_s_gb_ \k_ ]h dhfie_dkZ ijh[e_f bklhjbb dmevlmju ³jZa\blh]h khpbZebafZ´ G_h[ oh^bfu ^Zevg_crbc ihbkd b hkfuke_gb_

>HDMF?GLU

G:MD: B H;J:AH<:GB?

1. KijZ\dZ =eZ\eblZ \ D=; \ k\yab k ijh\_jdhc k\_^_gbc ihemq_gguo ba ibkvfZ ZdZ^_fbdZ

I E DZibpu

yg\Zjy ]

_dj_lgh

Ijh\_jdZ ijh\_^_ggZy \ k\yab k ibkvfhf ZdZ^_fbdZ DZibpu I E \

dhlhjhf hg `Zem_lky gZ lh qlh _fm g_ \u^Zxlky gZ ^hf bghkljZggu_ ba^Zgby h]jZgbq_ggu_ ^ey h[s_]h ihevah\Zgby ihdZaZeZ ke_^mxs__

< mihfygmlhf ibkvf_ j_qv b^_l h lj_o [mj`mZagh-iheblbq_kdbo `mj gZeZo: “X K gvxk Mhje^ jbihjl”, “Nhjbg Znn_jk” KR: b “Gvxk kl_clkf_g” <_ebdh[jblZgby <k_ wlb `mjgZeu ijb ihklmie_gbb \ gZrm

282

kljZgm ijhimkdZxlky ^ey ojZg_gby \ ki_pnhg^Zo kljh]h hij_^_e_ggh]h djm]Z hj]ZgbaZpbc dhlhjuf hgb g_h[oh^bfu ih oZjZdl_jm jZ[hlu Ij_ ab^bmf :dZ^_fbb GZmd KKKJ \uibku\Z_l mdZaZggu_ ba^Zgby \ dhebq_ kl\_ g_ [he__ – wda ^ey mq_guo y\eyxsboky ki_pbZebklZfb \ h[eZklb

h[s_kl\_ggh-iheblbq_kdbo gZmd dhlhju_ ihevamxlky bfb \ ki_pbZev guo nhg^Zo khhl\_lkl\mxsbo mqj_`^_gbc >h kbo ihj dZdbo-eb[h `Zeh[ k bo klhjhgu gZ kms_kl\mxsbc ihjy^hd g_ ihklmiZeh

Bgkljmdpby =eZ\gh]h mijZ\e_gby “H ihjy^d_ \uibkdb ojZg_gby b bkihevah\Zgby ebl_jZlmju dZiblZebklbq_kdbo kljZg” mklZgZ\eb\Z_l h[

sbc ihjy^hd ihevah\Zgby ba^Zgbyfb kh^_j`Zsbfb Zglbkh\_lkdb_ fZl_ jbZeu Ihjy^hd `_ ihevah\Zgby bfb ijbf_gbl_evgh d mkeh\byf jZ[hlu dhgdj_lgh]h mqj_`^_gby hij_^_ey_l jmdh\h^kl\h fbgbkl_jkl\Z beb \_ ^hfkl\Z l _ \ ^Zgghf kemqZ_ wlh ^he`_g ^_eZlv Ij_ab^bmf :dZ^_fbb

gZmd KKKJ dhlhjuc kq_e \hafh`guf \uibkZlv \ur_mihfygmlu_ [mj `mZagh-iheblbq_kdb_ ba^Zgby ^ey nbabdZ DZibpu I E

G_h[oh^bfh bf_lv \ \b^m b lh h[klhyl_evkl\h qlh =eZ\gh_ mijZ\e_ gb_ dhgljhebjm_l g_ \kx ebl_jZlmjm ihklmiZxsmx ba-aZ ]jZgbpu Hl

p_gahjkdh]h dhgljhey ih j_r_gbx ^bj_dlb\guo hj]Zgh\ hk\h[h`^_gZ \ qZklghklb gZmqgh-l_ogbq_kdZy ebl_jZlmjZ dZiblZebklbq_kdbo kljZg G_

dhgljhebjm_l =eZ\gh_ mijZ\e_gb_ b ba^Zgby ihklmiZxsb_ \ PD DIKK Kh\_l Fbgbkljh\ KKKJ D=; ijb Kh\_l_ Fbgbkljh\ KKKJ FB> KKKJ j_^Zdpbx ]Za_lu “IjZ\^Z” b jy^ ^jm]bo hj]ZgbaZpbc aZgbfZxsboky

\hijhkZfb hi_jZlb\ghc dhgljijhiZ]Zg^u Ih kms_kl\mxs_fm iheh`_ gbx djhf_ lh]h bghkljZggmx ebl_jZlmjm ihklmiZxsmx \ Z^j_kZ qZkl guo ebp ]hj Fhkd\u b 0RFdh\kdhc h[eZklb dhgljhebjmxl hj]Zgu Dh

fbl_lZ =hkm^Zjkl\_gghc [_ahiZkghklb

Ke_^m_l hlf_lblv qlh ZdZ^_fbd DZibpZ g_ \i_j\u_ h[jZsZ_lky k ih ^h[gufb `Zeh[Zfb < n_\jZe_ ]. _]h `Zeh[Z gZ hj]Zgu p_gamju jZk-

kfZljb\ZeZkv \ PD DIKK DZibpZ ibkZe lh]^Z qlh “f_jhijbylby =eZ\-

eblZ aZljm^gyxl gZrm jZ[hlm b d lhfm `_ hkdhj[bl_evgu ^ey kh\_lkdh]h q_eh\_dZ” D wlbf “f_jhijbylbyf” hg hlghkbe ijhklZgh\dm gZ bghkljZg-

guo ba^Zgbyo iheblbq_kdh]h oZjZdl_jZ h]jZgbqbl_evguo agZdh\ b ihjy-

^hd kh]eZkgh dhlhjhfm ihevah\Zlvky bfb fh`gh lhevdh \ kem`_[ghf ihf_s_gbb Ihabpby =eZ\gh]h mijZ\e_gby ijb jZa[hj_ mihfygmlhc `Z-

eh[u \ PD DIKK [ueZ ijbagZgZ g_ijZ\bevghc Z l DZibp_ [ueh ^Zgh khhl\_lkl\mxs__ jZatykg_gb_

;mj`mZagh-iheblbq_kdb_ ba^Zgby \uibkZggu_ ^ey ZdZ^_fbdZ DZib-

pu ihklhyggh im[ebdmxl \kydh]h jh^Z de_\_lgbq_kdb_ ^hfukeu b Zglb kh\_lkdb_ fZl_jbZeu b ih gZr_fm fg_gbx hgb \jy^ eb fh]ml [ulv bk ihevah\Zgu l DZibp_c ^ey _]h gZmqghc b h[s_kl\_gghc ^_yl_evghklb b gbdhbf h[jZahf g_ ^he`gu ojZgblvky \ ^hfZrgbo mkeh\byo D lhfm `_ \

283

k\h_f ibkvf_ l DZibpZ mfheqZe h lhf qlh \ KR: gZ _]h bfy hnhjfe_gZ ih^ibkdZ [mev\Zjgh-wjhlbq_kdh]h `mjgZeZ “Ie_c[hc” (“Ih\_kZ” dhlh juc ijb ihklmie_gbb \ KKKJ gZfb dhgnbkdm_lky

Bkoh^y ba \ur_baeh`_ggh]h kqblZ_f qlh `Zeh[Z ZdZ^_fbdZ DZ- ibpu I E iheghklvx g_ h[hkgh\ZgZ b g_ fh`_l kem`blv hkgh\Zgb_f ^ey

baf_g_gby kms_kl\mxs_]h ihjy^dZ \uibkdb ojZg_gby b bkihevah\Zgby bghkljZgghc ebl_jZlmju kh^_j`Zs_c Zglbkh\_lkdb_ b ZglbkhpbZebklb-

q_kdb_ fZl_jbZeu

AZf_klbl_ev gZqZevgbdZ

<lhjh]h mijZ\e_gby < DZebgbgyg\Zjy ]

Bklhjby kh\_lkdhc iheblbq_kdhc p_gamju« K 573–575.

2. Ba ihklZgh\e_gby PD DIKK b Kh\_lZ Fbgbkljh\ KKKJ h f_jZo ih ^Zevg_cr_fm memqr_gbx ih^]hlh\db d\Zebnbpbjh\Zgguo jZ[hqbo \ mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbyo kbkl_fu ijhn_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdh]h h[jZah\Zgby

Zij_ey ]

P_gljZevguc Dhfbl_l DIKK b Kh\_l Fbgbkljh\ KKKJ hlf_qZxl qlh \ gZr_c kljZg_ kha^ZgZ rbjhdZy k_lv ijhn_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdbo

mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbc ih ih^]hlh\d_ d\Zebnbpbjh\Zgguo jZ[hqbo \ujZs_ gu dZ^ju fZkl_jh\ ijhba\h^kl\_ggh]h h[mq_gby ij_ih^Z\Zl_e_c b \hk iblZl_e_c GZjh^gh_ ohayckl\h _`_]h^gh ihemqZ_l k\ur_ feg d\Zeb nbpbjh\Zgguo jZ[hqbo fgh]b_ ba dhlhjuo klZgh\ylky i_j_^h\bdZfb b gh\ZlhjZfb ijhba\h^kl\Z

<f_kl_ k l_f mjh\_gv ih^]hlh\db d\Zebnbpbjh\Zgguo jZ[hqbo \ ijh n_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdbo mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbyo hlklZ_l hl jZklmsbo lj_

[h\Zgbc khpbZebklbq_kdh]h ijhba\h^kl\Z Bf_xlky kms_kl\_ggu_ g_^h- klZldb \ ijhn_kkbhgZevghf h[mq_gbb b \ b^_cgh-iheblbq_kdhf \hkiblZ- gbb mqZsboky

P_gljZevguc Dhfbl_l DIKK b Kh\_l Fbgbkljh\ KKKJ hlf_qZxl qlh \ mkeh\byo kha^Zgby fZl_jbZevgh-l_ogbq_kdhc [Zau dhffmgbafZ rbjhdh]h

\g_^j_gby \ gZjh^gh_ ohayckl\h ^hklb`_gbc gZmdb b l_ogbdb \hajZklZxl lj_[h\Zgby d dmevlmjgh-l_ogbq_kdhfm mjh\gx jZ[hqbo b ihemq_gb_ kj_^g_

]h h[jZah\Zgby klZgh\blky g_h[oh^bfuf mkeh\b_f ^ey ih^]hlh\db d\Zeb nbpbjh\Zgguo jZ[hqbo ih gZb[he__ keh`guf ijhn_kkbyf

284

P_gljZevguc Dhfbl_l DIKK b Kh\_l Fbgbkljh\ KhxaZ KKJ ih- klZgh\eyxl

1. H[yaZlv =hkm^Zjkl\_gguc dhfbl_l Kh\_lZ Fbgbkljh\ KKKJ ih ijhn_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdhfm h[jZah\Zgbx PD dhfiZjlbc khxaguo

j_kim[ebd djZcdhfu b h[dhfu iZjlbb kh\_lu fbgbkljh\ khxaguo b Z\lhghfguo j_kim[ebd bkihedhfu djZ_\uo b h[eZklguo Kh\_lh\ ^_im

lZlh\ ljm^ysboky mkljZgblv bf_xsb_ky g_^hklZldb \ jZ[hl_ ijhn_kkbh gZevgh-l_ogbq_kdbo mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbc ijbgylv f_ju d memqr_gbx dZ

q_kl\Z ih^]hlh\db jZ[hqbo b ih\ur_gbx mjh\gy \hkiblZl_evghc jZ[hlu kj_^b mqZsboky

2. IjbagZlv g_h[oh^bfuf hkms_kl\blv ihkl_i_ggh_ ij_h[jZah\Zgb_ ijhn_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdbo mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbc \ ijhn_kkbhgZevgh- l_ogbq_kdb_ mqbebsZ k –4-e_lgbf kjhdhf h[mq_gby ih ih^]hlh\d_ d\Z

ebnbpbjh\Zgguo jZ[hqbo kh kj_^gbf h[jZah\Zgb_f ba qbkeZ fheh^_`b hdhgqb\r_c \hkvfbe_lgb_ h[s_h[jZah\Zl_evgu_ rdheu ih gZb[he__ keh`guf ijhn_kkbyf lj_[mxsbf h[s_]h kj_^g_]h h[jZah\Zgby b \ i_j\mx hq_j_^v d\Zebnbpbjh\Zgguo jZ[hqbo ih gZeZ^d_ j_fhglm b fhg lZ`m Z\lhfZlbq_kdbo ebgbc b klZgdh\ k ijh]jZffguf mijZ\e_gb_f fZ rbgbklh\ jZ^bh- b we_dljhf_oZgbdh\ ZiiZjZlqbdh\ obfbq_kdh]h ijhba

\h^kl\Z f_oZgbaZlhjh\ ^ey m]hevghc b ]hjghjm^ghc ijhfure_gghklb ^ey kljhbl_evkl\Z b k_evkdh]h ohayckl\Z hl^_ehqgbdh\ iheb]jZnbklh\ fZkl_jh\ ibs_\hc e_]dhc ijhfure_gghklb om^h`_kl\_gguo ijhfu keh\ b ij_^ijbylbc [ulh\h]h h[kem`b\Zgby gZk_e_gby

... MklZgh\blv \ 1969 ] ieZg ijb_fZ \ mdZaZggu_ mqbebsZ ^h luk

q_eh\_d b ^h\_klb d ] _`_]h^guc ijb_f mqZsboky \ wlb mqbebsZ ^h

luk q_eh\_d

... EbpZf hdhgqb\rbf ijhn_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdb_ mqbebsZ ih

ih^]hlh\d_ d\Zebnbpbjh\Zgguo jZ[hqbo kh kj_^gbf h[jZah\Zgb_f \u ^Z_lky Zll_klZl h ijbk\h_gbb jZajy^Z ih ijhn_kkbb b ihemq_gbb kj_^g_ ]h h[jZah\Zgby

K[hjgbd ^hdmf_glh\ ih bklhjbb KKKJ« – <ui F

K 161–162.

3. Ih^]hlh\dZ \uimkd d\Zebnbpbjh\Zgguo jZ[hqbo \ ijhn_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdbo mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbyo

<k_]h ih^]hlh\e_gh jZ[hqbo luk q_eh\_d

285

] 100

] 638

] 712

] 806

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\lhf qbke_

\^g_\guo ijhn_kkbhgZevgh-l_ogbq_kdbo mq_[guo aZ\_^_gbyo 1661

GZjh^gh_ ohayckl\h KKKJ \ ] KlZl _`_]h^gbd F K

Ba klZlvb ]eZ\gh]h dhgkljmdlhjZ h[t_^bg_gby ³;_eZ\lhF:A´eZmj_ZlZ =hkm^Zjkl\_gghc ij_fbb KKKJ F <ukhpdh]h³:dZ^_fby gZ aZ\h^_´

hdly[jy ]

GZ ]heh\ghf ij_^ijbylbb h[t_^bg_gby – Fbgkdhf Z\lhaZ\h^_ – aZ

ihke_^gb_ ]h^u hkms_kl\e_g dhfie_dk f_jhijbylbc ih mdj_ie_gbx kh[ kl\_ggh]h gZmqgh-l_ogbq_kdh]h ihl_gpbZeZ A^_kv knhjfbjh\Zeky aZ\h

^kdhc k_dlhj gZmdb h[t_^bgyxsbc iylv dhgkljmdlhjkdh-l_ogheh- ]bq_kdbo ih^jZa^_e_gbc gZmqgh-bkke_^h\Zl_evkdbo eZ[hjZlhjbc ^\Z

wdki_jbf_glZevguo p_oZ ;ZaZ dZd \b^bf ^h\hevgh kheb^gZy K_cqZk \ wlbo kem`[Zo b eZ[hjZlhjbyo aZgylh k\ur_ bg`_g_jh\ b l_ogbdh\

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286

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287

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DMEVLMJ: B <E:KLV

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fZy ]

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B wlh g_ kemqZcgh b[h dgb]Z G DhgqZeh\kdhc khklZ\e_gZ gZ hkgh\_ ^\mo ijhba\_^_gbc kZfhc W^bl IbZn – “GZ [Zem m^Zqb” b “Fhy `bagv”,

gZibkZgguo \ lbibqghf ^ey [mj`mZagh]h h[s_kl\Z ^mo_ GZ gZr \a]ey^ ba^Zgb_ dgb]b G DhgqZeh\kdhc g_ lhevdh g_ hdZ`_l ieh^hl\hjgh]h

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Ijhrm <Zrbo mdZaZgbc

288

Ijbeh`_gb_ \_jkldZ dgb]b G DhgqZeh\kdhc “I_kgy kh[jZggZy \ dmeZd”.

Hl_q_kl\_ggu_ Zjob\u ‹ K –73.

Ba ibkvfZ D F Kbfhgh\Z1 E B ;j_`g_\m

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Bklhqgbd ‹ K –134.

7. Ba ibFvfD ]eD\gR]R SH`bFFHSD 7HDlSD

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ibDevguf 3Hqv b^Hl R 7HDlSH gD 7D]DgdH

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gRFlb % lDdb[ gDb[ReHH ^RSR]b[ dReeHdlb\\ FiHdlDdey[ dDd “>HFylv ^gHc dRlRSuH iRlSyFeb fbS”, “ID\rbH b `b\uH”, “IRFe\rDclH 0DydR\Fdbc”, “>R[Suc qHeR\Hd ba &Ha\DgD”, “@bagv =DebeHy”,

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289