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312

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lbq_kdh]h khpbZebafZ” Z\lhjhf dhlhjhc y\ey_lky ZdZ^_fbd K:O:JH< w\h- expbhgguc imlv \gmljbiheblbq_kdh]h jZa\blby KKKJ ^he`_g g_ba[_`gh ijb\_klb d kha^Zgbx \ kljZg_ “bklbggh ^_fhdjZlbq_kdhc kbkl_fu” FZl_-

fZlbdb b wdhghfbklu ^he`gu \ k\yab k wlbf aZ[eZ]h\j_f_ggh jZajZ[hlZlv __ fh^_ev k l_f qlh[u hgZ y\eyeZkv kbgl_ahf iheh`bl_evgh]h \ kms_kl\mx

sbo gug_ h[s_kl\_ggh-iheblbq_kdbo kbkl_fZo

< jy^_ ijh_dlh\ “^_fhdjZlbaZpbb” KKKJ ij_^mkfZljb\Z_lky “h]jZ gbq_gb_ beb ebd\b^Zpby fhghihevghc \eZklb DIKK kha^Zgb_ \ kljZg_ ehyevghc khpbZebafm hiihabpbb” Bo Z\lhju b jZkijhkljZgbl_eb kqb

lZy qlh gug_rgbc mjh\_gv jZa\blby khpbZebklbq_kdhc ^_fhdjZlbb ^Z_l ijZ\h gZ kms_kl\h\Zgb_ hiihabpbhgguo \haaj_gbc lj_[mxl ij_^hklZ\ e_gby e_]Zevguo \hafh`ghkl_c ^ey \ujZ`_gby g_kh]eZkby k hnbpbZev guf dmjkhf M]heh\gh_ aZdhgh^Zl_evkl\h dZjZxs__ aZ Zglbkh\_lkdmx Z]blZpbx b ijhiZ]Zg^m beb jZkijhkljZg_gb_ aZ\_^hfh eh`guo bafur e_gbc ihjhqZsbo kh\_lkdbc ]hkm^Zjkl\_gguc b h[s_kl\_gguc kljhc

hgb h[ty\eyxl gZ wlhc hkgh\_ Zglbdhgklblmpbhgguf

GZ [Za_ ba]hlh\e_gby b jZkijhkljZg_gby “kZfba^Zlh\kdhc” ebl_jZlm ju ijhbkoh^bl hij_^_e_ggZy dhgkheb^Zpby _^bghfure_ggbdh\ gZ]ey^ gh ijhke_`b\Zxlky ihiuldb kha^Zgby ih^h[by hiihabpbb

315

Ijbf_jgh \ dhgp_ – gZqZe_ ]h^Z ba hiihabpbhggh gZ- kljh_gguo we_f_glh\ knhjfbjh\Zehkv iheblbq_kdh_ y^jh bf_gm_fh_ “^_fhdjZlbq_kdbf ^\b`_gb_f” dhlhjh_ ih bo hp_gd_ h[eZ^Z_l lj_fy

ijbagZdZfb hiihabpbb “bf__l jmdh\h^bl_e_c Zdlb\bklh\ b hibjZ_lky

gZ agZqbl_evgh_ qbkeh khqm\kl\mxsbo g_ ijbgbfZy q_ldhc nhjfu hj]Z gbaZpbb klZ\bl k_[_ hij_^_e_ggu_ p_eb b ba[bjZ_l hij_^_e_ggmx lZd

lbdm ^h[b\Z_lky e_]Zevghklb”.

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djZlbaZpbx kljZgu iml_f \ujZ[hldb \ ex^yo ^_fhdjZlbq_kdbo b gZmq guo m[_`^_gbc khijhlb\e_gb_ klZebgbafm kZfhaZsblm hl j_ij_kkbc

[hjv[m k wdklj_fbafhf ex[h]h lhedZ”.

P_gljZfb jZkijhkljZg_gby \g_p_gamjguo fZl_jbZeh\ ih-ij_`g_fm

hklZxlky Fhkd\Z E_gbg]jZ^ Db_\ =hjvdbc Gh\hkb[bjkd OZjvdh\ < wlbo b ^jm]bo ]hjh^Zo \uy\e_gh hdheh q_eh\_d dhlhju_ bf_gmy k_[y

“ZglbklZebgbklZfb”, “[hjpZfb aZ ^_fhdjZlbq_kdb_ ijZ\Z”, “mqZklgbdZfb ^_fhdjZlbq_kdh]h ^\b`_gby” aZgbfZxlky \uimkdhf dZd hl^_evguo ^h dmf_glh\ lZd b k[hjgbdh\: “OjhgbdZ l_dmsbo kh[ulbc”, “<_klgbd Md

jZbgu”, “H[s_kl\_ggu_ ijh[e_fu” b l i =jmiihc kbhgbklkdb gZkljh _gguo we_f_glh\ \ Fhkd\_ E_gbg]jZ^_ b Jb]_ k ]h^Z gZqZe \uimk dZlvky `mjgZe ih^ gZa\Zgb_f “Bkoh^”.

AZiZ^gZy ijhiZ]Zg^Z \jZ`^_[gu_ Kh\_lkdhfm Khxam aZjm[_`gu_ p_glju b hj]ZgbaZpbb jZkkfZljb\Zxl ³kZfba^Zl” dZd \Z`guc nZdlhj iheblbq_kdhc h[klZgh\db \ KKKJ G_e_]Zevgh \uimkdZ_fu_ `mjgZeu b k[hjgbdb bf_gmxlky i_qZlgufb hj]ZgZfb “^_fhdjZlbq_kdh]h ih^ihevy”,

“k\h[h^ghc ^_fhdjZlbq_kdhc i_qZlvx” b l i GZ hkgh\_ kjZ\g_gby \u imkdh\ “Ojhgbdb l_dmsbo kh[ulbc” hlf_qZ_lky “jZklms__ qbkeh mqZkl gbdh\ ^\b`_gby” b gZebqb_ \ g_f “ihklhyggh]h b dhee_dlb\gh]h khljm^ gbq_kl\Z”. “Kh\_lheh]b” ^_eZxl \u\h^ qlh \ KKKJ kms_kl\m_l b jZa\b \Z_lky “^\b`_gb_ aZ ]jZ`^Zgkdb_ ijZ\Z” dhlhjh_ ijbh[j_lZ_l “\k_ [he__

hij_^_e_ggu_ hq_jlZgby b hij_^_e_ggmx iheblbq_kdmx ijh]jZffm”.

Bfi_jbZebklbq_kdb_ jZa\_^db b k\yaZggu_ k gbfb Zglbkh\_lkdb_ wfb] jZglkdb_ hj]ZgbaZpbb g_ lhevdh mqblu\Zxl gZebqb_ hiihabpbhgguo mkl j_fe_gbc gh b iulZxlky ih^^_j`b\Zlv bo ijb[_]Zy d ba]hlh\e_gbx b

ijhiZ]Zg^_ ^hdmf_glh\-nZevrb\hd < jy^_ lZdbo ^hdmf_glh\ gZijbf_j \ “Ijh]jZff_ ^_fhdjZlbq_kdh]h ^\b`_gby Kh\_lkdh]h KhxaZ”, “LZdlbq_ kdbo hkgh\Zo”, “<j_fy g_ `^_l” knhjfmebjh\Zgu ijh]jZffgu_ mklZgh\db

b j_dhf_g^Zpbb ih hj]ZgbaZpbb ih^ihevghc [hjv[u ijhlb\ DIKK Dhfbl_lhf ]hk[_ahiZkghklb ijbgbfZxlky g_h[oh^bfu_ f_ju iR ij_

k_q_gbx ihiulhd hl^_evguo ebp bkihevah\Zlv “kZfba^Zl” ^ey jZkijh

316

kljZg_gby de_\_lu gZ kh\_lkdbc ]hkm^Zjkl\_gguc b h[s_kl\_gguc kljhc GZ hkgh\_ ^_ckl\mxs_]h aZdhgh^Zl_evkl\Z hgb ijb\e_dZxlky d m]heh\ ghc hl\_lkl\_gghklb Z \ hlghr_gbb ebp ih^iZ\rbo ih^ bo \ebygb_

hkms_kl\eyxlky ijhnbeZdlbq_kdb_ f_ju

Bklhqgbd ‹ 2. K 77–78.

Hldjulh_ ibkvfh F Jhkljhih\bqZ9

=eZ\guf j_^ZdlhjZf ]Za_l “IjZ\^Z”, “Ba\_klby”, “Ebl_jZlmjgZy ]Za_lZ”, “Kh\_lkdZy dmevlmjZ”

hdly[jy ]

M\Z`Z_fuc lh\Zjbs j_^Zdlhj

M`_ i_j_klZeh [ulv k_dj_lhf qlh : B Khe`_gbpug [hevrmx qZklv \j_f_gb `b\_l \ k\h_f ^hf_ ih^ Fhkd\hc GZ fhbo ]eZaZo ijhbahreh _]h

bkdexq_gb_ ba KhxaZ ibkZl_e_c – \ lh kZfh_ \j_fy dh]^Z hg mkbe_ggh

jZ[hlZe gZ^ jhfZghf h ] B \hl l_i_jv gZ]jZ`^_gb_ _]h Gh[_e_\ kdhc ij_fb_c b ]Za_lgZy dZfiZgby ih wlhfm ih\h^m WlZ ihke_^gyy b aZ

klZ\ey_l f_gy \aylvky aZ ibkvfh d <Zf

GZ fh_c iZfylb m`_ lj_lbc jZa kh\_lkdbc ibkZl_ev ihemqZ_l Gh-

[_e_\kdmx ij_fbx ijbq_f \ ^\mo kemqZyo ba lj_o fu jZkkfZljb\Zeb ijbkm`^_gb_ ij_fbb dZd ]jyagmx iheblbq_kdmx b]jm Z \ h^ghf Rheh

oh\ – dZd kijZ\_^eb\h_ ijbagZgb_ \_^ms_]h fbjh\h]h agZq_gby gZr_c

ebl_jZlmju

?keb [u \ k\h_ \j_fy Rhehoh\ hldZaZeky ijbgylv ij_fbx ba jmd ijb km^b\rbo __ IZkl_jgZdm “ih khh[jZ`_gbyf oheh^ghc \hcgu” y [u ih

gye qlh b ^Zevr_ fu ^h\_jy_f h[t_dlb\ghklb b q_klghklb r\_^kdbo ZdZ^_fbdh\ : l_i_jv ihemqZ_lky lZd qlh fu ba[bjZl_evgh lh k [eZ]h

^Zjghklvx ijbgbfZ_f Gh[_e_\kdmx ij_fbx ih ebl_jZlmj_ lh [jZgbfky : qlh _keb \ ke_^mxsbc jZa ij_fbx ijbkm^yl l Dhq_lh\m" – \_^v

gm`gh [m^_l \aylv"

Ihq_fm q_j_a ^_gv ihke_ ijbkm`^_gby ij_fbb Khe`_gbpugm \ gZrbo ]Za_lZo ihy\ey_lky kljZggh_ khh[s_gb_ h [_k_^_ dhjj_kihg^_glZ Bdk F ij_^klZ\bl_eyfb k_dj_lZjbZlZ KhxaZ ibkZl_e_c Bdk h lhf qlh \ky h[s_ kl\_gghklv kljZgu lh _klv hq_\b^gh b \k_ mq_gu_ b \k_ fmaudZglu b

l ^ Zdlb\gh ih^^_j`ZeZ _]h bkdexq_gb_ ba KhxaZ ibkZl_e_c" Ihq_fm

317

“Ebl_jZlmjgZy ]Za_lZ” l_g^_gpbhagh ih^[bjZ_l ba fgh`_kl\Z aZiZ^guo

]Za_l ebrv \ukdZau\Zgby Zf_jbdZgkdbo b r\_^kdbo dhffmgbklbq_kdbo ]Za_l h[oh^y lZdb_ g_kjZ\g_ggh [he__ ihimeyjgu_ b agZqbl_evgu_ dhf

fmgbklbq_kdb_ ]Za_lu dZd “XfZgbl_”, “E_llj njZgk_a” b “MgblZ” g_

]h\hjy h fgh`_kl\_ g_dhffmgbklbq_kdbo"

Y ihfgx b ohl_e [u gZihfgblv <Zf gZrb ]Za_lu ]h^Z kdhevdh \a^hjZ ibkZehkv lZf ih ih\h^m ijbagZgguo l_i_jv ]b]Zglh\ gZr_c fmau

db K Ijhdhnv_\Z b > RhklZdh\bqZ gZijbf_j “ll RhklZdh\bq K Ijh-

dhnv_\ < R_[Zebg G Fykdh\kdbc b ^j <ZrZ ZlhgZevgZy ^bk]Zjfh-

gbq_kdZy fmaudZ HJ=:GBQ?KDB QM@>: G:JH>M« NhjfZebklbq_ kdh_ ljxdZq_kl\h \hagbdZ_l lh]^Z dh]^Z gZebph bf__lky g_fgh]h lZeZg lZ gh hq_gv fgh]h ij_l_gabc gZ gh\Zlhjkl\h«Fu kh\k_f g_ \hkijbgb fZ_f fmaudb RhklZdh\bqZ Fykdh\kdh]h Ijhdhnv_\Z G_l \ g_c eZ^Z

ihjy^dZ g_l rbjhdhc gZi_\ghklb f_eh^bb” K_cqZk dh]^Z ihkfhljbrv gZ ]Za_lu l_o e_l klZgh\blky aZ fgh]h_ g_kl_jibfh klu^gh AZ lh qlh ljb ^_kyldZ e_l g_ a\mqZeZ hi_jZ “DZl_jbgZ BafZceh\Z” qlh K K Ijh dhnv_\ ijb `bagb lZd b g_ mkeurZe ihke_^g_]h \ZjbZglZ k\h_c hi_ju “<hcgZ b fbj” b kbfnhgbb-dhgp_jlZ ^ey \bhehgq_eb k hjd_kljhf qlh

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\bqZ Ijhdhnv_\Z Fykdh\kdh]h OZqZlmjygZ

G_m`_eb ijh`blh_ \j_fy g_ gZmqbeh gZk hklhjh`g__ hlghkblvky d kh djmr_gbx lZeZgleb\uo ex^_c" G_ ]h\hjblv hl bf_gb \k_]h gZjh^Z" G_ aZklZ\eylv ex^_c \ukdZau\Zlvky h lhf q_]h hgb ihijhklm g_ qblZeb beb g_ keurZeb" Y k ]hj^hklvx \kihfbgZx qlh g_ ijbr_e gZ kh[jZgb_ ^_y l_e_c dmevlmju \ P_gljZevguc ^hf jZ[hlgbdh\ bkdmkkl\Z ]^_ ihghkbeb

; IZkl_jgZdZ b gZf_qZehkv fh_ \uklmie_gb_ ]^_ fg_ “ihjmqbeb” djblb dh\Zlv “>hdlhjZ @b\Z]h” \ lh \j_fy fghc _s_ g_ qblZggh]h

< ] [ueb kibkdb aZij_s_gguo ijhba\_^_gbc K_cqZk ij_^- ihqblZxl mklgu_ A:IJ?LU kkueZykv qlh “_klv fg_gb_” qlh wlh g_ j_ dhf_g^m_lky =^_ b m dh]h _klv FG?GB? – mklZgh\blv g_evay Ihq_fm gZijbf_j = <brg_\kdhc aZij_lbeb bkihegylv \ __ dhgp_jl_ \ Fhkd\_ [e_klysbc \hdZevguc pbde ;hjbkZ QZcdh\kdh]h gZ keh\Z B ;jh^kdh]h"

Ihq_fm g_kdhevdh jZa ij_iylkl\h\Zeb bkiheg_gbx pbdeZ RhklZ- dh\bqZ gZ keh\Z KZrb Q_jgh]h ohly l_dklu m gZk [ueb ba^Zgu" Ihq_fm kljZggu_ ljm^ghklb khijh\h`^Zeb bkiheg_gb_ -c b -c kbfnhgbc

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gb_” qlh Khe`_gbpugZ gm`gh \u]gZlv ba KhxaZ ibkZl_e_c fg_ \uyk- gblv g_ m^Zehkv ohly y wlbf hq_gv bgl_j_kh\Zeky <jy^ eb iylv jyaZg kdbo ibkZl_e_c-fmrd_l_jh\ hl\Z`bebkv k^_eZlv wlh kZfb [_a lZbgkl\_g

gh]h “fg_gby” <b^bfh FG?GB? ihf_rZeh fhbf khhl_q_kl\_ggbdZf b magZlv ijh^Zgguc gZfb aZ ]jZgbpm nbevf LZjdh\kdh]h – “:g^j_c Jm[-

318

e_\” dhlhjuc fg_ ihkqZkleb\behkv \b^_lv kj_^b \hklhj`_gguo iZjb `Zg Hq_\b^gh FG?GB? `_ ihf_rZeh \uimklblv \ k\_l “JZdh\uc dhj imk” Khe`_gbpugZ dhlhjuc m`_ [ue gZ[jZg \ “Gh\hf fbj_” <hl dh]^Z [u _]h gZi_qZlZeb m gZk – lh]^Z [ _]h hldjulh b rbjhdh h[km^beb gZ

ihevam Z\lhjm b qblZl_eyf

Y g_ dZkZxkv gb iheblbq_kdbo gb wdhghfbq_kdbo \hijhkh\ gZr_c kljZgu ?klv ex^b dhlhju_ \ wlhf jZa[bjZxlky emqr_ f_gy gh h[tykgb l_ fg_ ih`ZemcklZ ihq_fm bf_ggh \ gZr_c ebl_jZlmj_ b bkdmkkl\_ lZd qZklh j_rZxs__ keh\h ijbgZ^e_`bl ebpZf Z[khexlgh g_dhfi_l_glguf \ wlhf" Ihq_fm ^Z_lky bf ijZ\h ^bkdj_^blbjh\Zlv gZr_ bkdmkkl\h \ ]eZ

aZo gZr_]h gZjh^Z"

Y \hjhrm klZjh_ g_ ^ey lh]h qlh[u [jxa`Zlv Z qlh[u g_ ijbrehkv \ [m^ms_f kdZ`_f _s_ q_j_a e_l klu^eb\h ijbijylu\Zlv k_]h^gyrgb_

]Za_lu

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h[km`^_gbx [_a ih^kdZahd b h^_j]b\Zgbc fu h[yaZl_evgh ijb^_f

Y agZx qlh ihke_ fh_]h ibkvfZ g_ij_f_ggh ihy\blky FG?GB? b h[h fg_ gh g_ [hxkv _]h b hldjh\_ggh \ukdZau\Zx lh qlh ^mfZx LZeZglu dhlhju_ khklZ\eyxl gZrm ]hj^hklv g_ ^he`gu ih^\_j]Zlvky ij_^\Zjb l_evghfm ba[b_gbx Y agZx fgh]b_ ijhba\_^_gby Khe`_gbpugZ ex[ex bo b kqblZx qlh hg \ukljZ^Ze ijZ\h ibkZlv ijZ\^m dZd __ \b^bl b g_ \b`m ijbqbgu kdju\Zlv k\h_ hlghr_gb_ d g_fm dh]^Z ijhlb\ g_]h jZa

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;j_`g_\ E B FZl_jbZeu d [bh]jZnbb F K –331.

26. AZibkdZ D=; KKKJ ijb Kh\_l_ Fbgbkljh\ KKKJ \ PD DIKK h jZkijhkljZg_gbb “\g_p_gamjghc ebl_jZlmju”

n_\jZey ]

K?DJ?LGH

PD DIKK

…“KZfba^Zl” dZd ijZ\beh jZkijhkljZgy_lky iml_f i_j_^Zqb ba jmd

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kljZg_gbx ijhba\_^_gbc “\g_p_gamjghc ebl_jZlmju” ijbfZau\Zxlky b ki_dmeylb\gu_ we_f_glu dhlhju_ k[u\Zxl aZ ^_gv]b b ba\e_dZxl ba wlh]h fZl_jbZevgmx \u]h^m

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