- •Часть II
- •Д.Ю. Коновалов, ст. Преп. Каф. Безоп. Технол. Процессов и производств агту, кандидат с.-х. Наук
- •Ббк 81.2 англ – 92
- •Unit 1 Environmental Aspects of Timber
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read the text and try to understand it.
- •Vocabulary
- •Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks.
- •Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •V. Speak about:
- •Heat Conductivity of Wood
- •Answer the questions:
- •What properties of wood do you know?
- •Read the text and try to understand it.
- •Vocabulary
- •Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks. Heat Conductivity
- •IV. Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •V. Speak about.
- •Species of Trees and Their Application
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read the text and try to understand it.
- •Vocabulary
- •2. The timber used was insufficiently seasoned.
- •Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks. Classification of Species
- •Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •V. Speak about:
- •Fireproofing
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read the text and try to understand it.
- •Vocabulary
- •Insert the words from “a” into the sentences given below.
- •Indicate the word combinations that:
- •Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks.
- •Inflammation of Wood
- •Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •V. Speak about:
- •Infinitive: Forms and Functions
- •Storage of Logs in Sawmill Yards
- •I. Answer the questions:
- •II. Read the text and try to understand it.
- •Vocabulary
- •Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks.
- •Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •Speak about:
- •Infinitive Constructions: Complex Subject Complex Object
- •Timber Drying Methods
- •Answer the questions:
- •Read the text and try to understand it.
- •Vocabulary
- •Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks. Why Dry Lumber?
- •Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •V. Speak about:
- •Infinitive. Revision
- •I. Answer the questions:
- •Read the text and try to understand it.
- •Vocabulary
- •Insert the words from list “a” into the sentences given below.
- •Specialists suppose that one hectare of coniferous forests sucks annually 30 tons of dust.
- •Everybody knows that wood is a renewable raw material.
- •Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks. The Requirements to Hardwood Lumber Drying
- •IV. Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •V. Speak about:
- •Revision
- •Wood-based panels – Plywood
- •I. Answer the questions:
- •II. Read the text and try to understand it.
- •Vocabulary
- •Insert the words from list “a” into the sentences given below.
- •III. Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks. Laminated Veneer Lumber and Other Structural Sections
- •Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •V. Speak about:
- •Unit 9 Revision
- •Wood-based panels: Fibreboard, Particle board
- •I. Answer the questions.
- •II. Read the text and try to understand it.
- •Vocabulary
- •Insert the words from list “a” into the sentences given below.
- •Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks. Wood-Based Panels. Oriented Strand Board
- •IV. Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •V. Speak about:
- •Unit 10 Revision
- •Sawmill Process
- •Answer the questions.
- •Vocabulary
- •Insert the words from list “a” into the sentences given below.
- •Read one more text on the problem and do the tasks. Sawing Machinery
- •Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary of the Unit.
- •V. Speak about:
- •Contents
- •The List of Literature Used
- •Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Exercise 1.
Match the English words in “A” with their Russian equivalents in “B”.
A B
|
|
Exercise 2.
Study the definitions of the following words and insert these words into the sentences given below.
lumber - |
roughly prepared wood; wood that has been sawn into planks, boards, etc. |
veneer - |
a thin layer of fine quality wood which is glued onto the outside of something made of cheaper material in order to improve the appearance |
log – |
rough length of a tree-trunk that has fallen or been cut down; short piece of this for a fire |
grade (v) – |
judge or measure the quality of something and give it a number, name, etc. that indicates how good or bad it is |
cabinet-making – |
the production of high-quality wooden furniture |
knot – |
a small hard area in a piece of wood where a branch grew |
article – |
particular or separate thing of something, e.g. furniture articles |
durability – |
the ability to last for a long time; resistance to some effects |
decorative – |
something that is intended to look pretty or attractive; suitable for decoration |
facing – |
a layer of stone, wood, concrete or other material that is spread over the surface in order to make it look attractive |
1. The fallers who fall the trees cut them with powerful chain saws into ____ . 2. Hardwoods have a tendency to shrink more than softwoods therefore they are more popular for _____ purposes. 3. Alder wood is well known for its strength, _____ and good appearance. 4. Mahogany is one of the most popular _____ wood because of its easy cutting quality, _____ colour and attractive figure. 5. In the 19th century _____ transportation by floating prevailed. 6. Plywood is composed of thin sheets of _____ or plies arranged in layers to form a panel. 7. Typically, logs are transported to the mill by trucks where they are _____ for size and suitability for different uses. 8. There are two basic methods for sawing _____ from logs. 9. _____ are classed according to size, shape and quality. 10. _____ of furniture made of wood are very attractive and pleasant to the feel.
Grammar
Exercise 1.
Find 5 sentences in the text with Gerund and Gerundial Constructions and translate them into Russian.
Exercise 2.
Translate the following sentences into Russian.
1. Sorting on the bases of species increases the efficiency of the drying operation because species differ in moisture content. 2. Cold coatings are liquid at ordinary temperatures and can be applied without being heated. 3. The process of removing moisture from wood by evaporation is called drying. 4. Sorting by length and width simplifies piling. 5. Different fungi spoil the appearance of wood without affecting strength properties. 6. There are two basic methods of sawing logs into lumber: plain sawing and quarter sawing. 7. Thorough seasoning is advisable before applying preservatives. 8. After cooling the particle boards are cut according to standard sizes. 9. The most effective and economical means of preventing fungi infection is to keep the wood dry. 10. Seasoning greatly increases strength and hardness provided the wood is not injured by checking.
Exercise 3.
Rephrase the following sentences as in the model. Use the conjunctions: due to; in addition to; in spite of; because of; instead of; besides.
Model: 1. Dry rot develops in houses.