Vocabulary

Exercise 1.

Match the English words in ”A” with the Russian equivalents in “B”.

A	B
merit	валить
fell	Испаряться
beetle	Преимущество
rate	Разумно
evaporate	Штабель
reasonably	брус, балка
stack	Кромка
balk	жучок
edge	ряд досок в штабеле
course	скорость

Exercise 2.

Choose the words from the text which have the similar meaning.

Advantage; to need; to cut; to provide; following; valueless; to let; to prevent; motion; quick; disassemble (take to pieces); to level.

Exercise 3.

Match the words in “A” with the explanations given in “B”.

A	B
to fell	wild plant growing where it is not wanted
to expose	to cut down
sound	number of things lying one upon another
a pile	to arrange in a pile
to stack	to leave unprotected, uncovered, to leave in the open
a stack	to guarantee
to secure	following, subsequent
successive	a large amount of something arranged for storage in the open
to prevail	healthy, in good condition, not injured or decayed
weed	predominate

Exercise 4.

Insert the words from list “a” into the sentences given below.

1. During drying, air movement through _____ of lumber must be adequate to remove evaporated moisture. 2. A small tree suitable for a telegraph pole seasons rapidly if kept clear of the ground and its bark is removed when the tree is _____. 3. The ground under a pile must be previously cleaned of _____ and grass. 4. The dimensions of stacks must be kept within certain limits to _____ apid and uniform drying. 5. Only _____ wood should be used for stickers.

6. Timber should be _____ with stickers as soon after sawing as possible. 7. The flow of dry air over the surface of the timber must be controlled so as not to _____ the surface layers to unduly rapid drying. 8. Sticks one inch square in section are used to separate each _____ layer of softwoods. 9. The rate of drying must be adjusted according to the kind of wood, the thickness of boards and the atmospheric conditions _____ in the drying yard. 10. It is common practice to provide a roof over seasoning _____ to protect the upper layers from both rain and direct sun.

Grammar

Exercise 1.

Look through the list of words and group them into 4 categories: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs.

Worthless; practically; attainable; entirely; location; arrangement; laterally; successive; thickness; dismantle; passage; reasonably; resistance; foundation.

Exercise 2.

Translate into Russian. Pay attention to the Infinitive and Infinitive Constructions.

1. Wood is known to have a wide variety of grain, pattern, colour and density. 2. Forests use and store carbon to make wood tissue and leaves. 3. To burn wood as a fuel is irrational because 90 per cent of its value is lost. 4. There are special rules to be followed to dry wood. 5. Experience of many decades has shown wood to have many advantages over other materials. 6. Timber is to be stacked with stickers as soon after sawing as possible. 7. To supply the tree with mineral salts needed for its life process the roots are carefully exploring the soil under the tree. 8. Logs are considered to be the main raw material for lumber production. 9. Valuable ornamental woods such as ebony and sandalwood had to be carried great distances to adorn houses and furniture of the wealthy. 10. Man had to learn to choose those timbers most suitable for the purpose. 11. To tell the age of any tree it is necessary to cut it down and count the annual rings. 12. Absence of smell is important for any wood that is to be used for packing food-stuffs. 13. To treat wood with a preservative is to protect it from the attack of insects and fungi.

Exercise 3.

Rephrase the sentences as in the model. Use the Infinitive Constructions.

Model: