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Questions:

  1. When will the consignment arrive?

  2. What has happened to the shipping documents?

  3. How has the bank earned money on the transaction?

  4. Who is the agent bank in this transaction?

  5. What do the letters SS stand for?

  6. What expressions are used to mean: arrive; sent; made out a b/e; notify?

From the importer's bank to the importer:

The New Zealand Bank now advises NZ Business Machines that their account has been debited, and that the documents are ready for collection. When he has picked up the documents, Mr Tanner will be able to take delivery of his goods.

New Zealand Bank

Chairman: Sir Francis Tuckmon Directors: L.N Bowman, P.O. Shearing. L.D. Nesterman Takapuna House, Takapuna Street, Wellington 8

Telephone: 448135/6/7/8

Telex: Newbon NZ 28131

Fox: 806358

Mr. M. Tanner 29 May 20—

N.Z. Business Machines Pty.

100 South Street Wellington

Dear Mr. Tanner,

In accordance with your instructions of 3 May our agents, Eastland Bank, London, accepted a draft for £23,100 drawn by Delta Computers Ltd. on presentation of shipping documents for a consignment sent to you on 24 May.

We have debited your account with the amount plus our charges of $280 NZ. The documents are now with us and will be handed to you when you call.

Yours sincerely,

I. Close

Manager

From the importer to the exporter:

This letter, from the buyer (importer) in London to the seller (exporter) in Hong Kong, is the first step in our second example of a documentary credit transaction. Note that international Crafts ask for a certificate of origin, which they need since they intend to re­export the dinghies to France, which is an EEC country. Note also that they will use their bank's agents to verify the quality of the boats.

International Crafts Ltd.

Thameside, Walworth, London SE3 2EL

Chairman: B. Valour

Telephone: 081834 2179.081834 2710 Cable: INTERCRA Telex: 315620 Fax:081-8344431

Lee Boat Builders Ltd. 9 Aprils 20__

Dock 23

Mainway

HONG KONG

Dear Sirs,

We spoke to your representative, Mr. Chai, at the Earls Court Boat Show in London last week, and he showed us a number of dinghies which you produce, and informed us of your terms and conditions.

We were impressed with the craft, and have decided to place a trial order for ten of them, your Cat. No. NR17. The enclosed order, No. 90103, is for delivery as soon as possible as the summer season is only a few weeks away.

As Mr. Chai assured us that you could meet any order from stock, we have instructed our bank, Northern City Ltd., to open a confirmed irrevocable letter of credit for £7,300 in your favour, and valid until 1 June 19—.

Our bank informs us that the credit will be confirmed by their agents, Cooper & Deal Merchant Bank, Pekin Road, Hong Kong, once you have contacted them, and they will also supply us with a certificate of quality once you have informed them that the order has been made up and they have checked it.

You may draw on the agents for the full amount of the invoice at 60 days, and your draft should be presented with the following documents:

Six copies of the bill of lading.

Five copies of the commercial invoice, c.i.f. London

Insurance certificate for £7,140 (A.R.)

Certificate of origin

Certificate of quality

The credit will cover the invoice, discounting, and any other bank charges. Please cable us confirming that the order has been accepted and the craft can be delivered within the next six weeks.

Yours faithfully,

B. Valour

International Crafts Ltd.

Enc. Order No. 90103

From the exporter to the importer:

Northern City Ltd., who are International Crafts' bankers, have now notified their agents in Hong Kong, Cooper & Deal, who have in turn advised Lee Boat Builders that the credit is available -Meanwhile Lee have cabled International Crafts confirming that they have accepted the order, and can deliver within six weeks. They follow this by sending this letter, advising shipment.

Lee Boat Builders Ltd.

Dock 23, Mainway, Hong Kong

Telephone: 385162 Telex: 349512 Fax: 662553 Cable: LEBATS

International Crafts Ltd., 6 May 20—

Thameside,

Walworth,

London SE3 2EL

UNITED KINGDOM

Dear Mr Valour,

Order No. 90103

We are pleased to inform you that the above order has been loaded on to the SS Orient which sails tomorrow and is due in Tilbury (London) on 3 June.

The dinghies and their equipment have been packed in polystyrene boxes in ten separate wooden crates marked 1-10, and bearing our brand A.

The shipping documents (see list attached) have been handed to Cooper & Deal, Hong Kong, with our draft for £7,293.50 at 60 d/s. This covers all, charges and discounting. Cooper & Deal will forward the documents to Northern City Bank Ltd. who will advise you within the next few weeks.

We are sure you will be extremely pleased with the consignment. We noticed that you require a certificate of origin, and have supplied one. However, we wondered if this was for re-exporting purposes. We should point out that your customers will have the same guarantee as yourself only if the boats are not modified in any way, as this will be outside the terms of the guarantee.

Thank you for your order, and we hope you will contact us again in the future. Meanwhile, please confirm delivery, when you receive the consignment.

Yours sincerely,

J.Lee

Director

Questions:

  1. When will the consignment arrive in London?

  2. How have the dinghies been packed?

  3. What documents were required by International Crafts Ltd.?

  4. What does '60 d/s' mean?

  5. Who are Cooper & Deal, and what role do they play in the transaction?

  6. What will the Northern City Bank advise International Crafts?

  7. What restrictions do Lee Boat Builders put on their guarantee?

  8. What must International Crafts do once they have received the consignment?

  9. Which words in the letter correspond to the following: should arrive; small boats; boxes; pays for; send; warranty?

Points to remember:

  1. Merchant banks and commercial banks in the UK offer similar services, but commercial banks encourage private account holders to use their facilities, as well as commercial concerns.

  2. Commercial bank facilities include current accounts, deposit accounts, credit cards, standing orders, loans, and overdrafts.

  3. The two main methods used in settling overseas accounts - bills of exchange and documentary credits-involve banks at home and abroad.

  4. Bills of exchange can be at sight, i.e. payable on presentation, or after sight, payable at a stipulated date in the future. The exporter can send the bill to the importer direct, or to his bank with the documents and will obtain either payment on presentation, or acceptance against the bill. The advantage of a bill is that the exporter can get money immediately if the bill is discounted, and the importer can obtain credit if the bill is not a sight draft. The disadvantage is that the bill can be cancelled, or not paid on the due date.

  5. A confirmed irrevocable documentary credit cannot be cancelled (unlike a revocable credit), and the importer's bank and its agent can guarantee payment. The importer is protected by the bank checking documents and can get a certificate of quality to ensure that the goods are up to standard. The exporter is assured of payment, and, with discounting facilities, does not have to wait for his -money if the bank agrees that he can draw against the credit.

Words to remember:

a commercial bank

a merchant bank

to open an account

a current/deposit/savings/budget

account

a specimen signature

a balance

a transaction

Giro system

a cheque/Eurocheque/traveller's

cheque

a cheque card

cash card

cash dispenser

a credit card

to honour a cheque

to cancel a cheque.

to stop a cheque

a paying-in/withdrawal/transfer slip

notice of withdrawal

a counterfoil

a cashier

negotiable securities

a guarantor

a loan

an overdraft

to overdraw

overdraft facilities

to call in an overdraft

interest

minimum lending rate (MLR)

inflation

bank charges

a standing order

a direct debit

overseas customer

credit status

confirming houses

new issue/bullion/Euro-bond market

shipping/insurance/foreign exchange

market

a bill of exchange

a drawer

a drawee

a sight draft/bill

days after sight (d/s)

documents against payment (D/P)

documents against acceptance (D/A)

a foreign bill

an inland bill

a clean bill

to discount a bill

to endorse a bill

a dishonoured bill

to protest a bill

a letter of credit (L/C)

a revocable/irrevocable letter of credit

an importer

an exporter

an agent

confirmed credit

commission

confirming bank