Работа над текстом

Упражнение 1. Прочтите текст, переведите его, пользуясь словарем. Подготовьте краткий пересказ, используя слова, приведенные ниже.

criminal responsibility	криминальная ответственность
action	действие
penalty	штраф, наказание
punished	наказан
offence	нарушение
adults	взрослые
guardianship	опекунство

Упражнение 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. When does the person commit crime?

2. What are minor offences?

3. What are the serious offences?

4. What happens when the police are sure the person has committed the crime?

5. What does the defendant do?

6. What is the age of criminal responsibility?

7. When a person can be punished?

Упражнение 3. Кратко изложите в письменной форме на английском языке, что вы знаете о:

1. Криминальной ответственности

2. Действиях полиции в связи с задержанием преступника

3. Видах преступлений

Упражнение 4. Какие из следующих предложений не соответствуют содержанию текста?

1. If a person does something illegal, then he doesn’t commit a crime.

2. Theft, robbery, burglary, shoplifting, murder, rape etc. are serious offences and if a person is convicted of such crimes punishment will be very serious (e.g. many years in prison etc.).

3. When someone commits a crime the police must not investigate it.

4. The defendant (accused) must try to prove that he is innocent (not guilty).

5. In order to inflict penalty on a man or a woman for the committed crime, he or she must not reach the age stated by the law, at which the criminal responsibility for a concrete action sets in.

6. Racial, sexual, educational, religious and other differences are brought out by the law in order to inflict penalty.

7. An irresponsible person can be responsible for his actions.

8. To sum up, a person can be punished, if he or she has been responsible and has reached the age stated by the law in the moment of committing the crime.

Упражнение 5. Подберите подходящие по смыслу окончания к каждому предложению.

1. Theft, robbery, burglary, shoplifting, murder, rape etc. are serious offences

and if a person is convicted of such crimes ………..

2. If the police are sure the person has committed the crime…….

3. The defendant (accused) must try to prove ………..

4. For, if something is not prohibited by the …………

5. The only exception is an official who must be punished for disciplinary……

6. Consequently, criminal responsibility sets in not only for adults (persons having come of age), but also for persons under age (13-18 y.o.) and for crimes committed by minors in civil .…………………………………………

7. Not depending on the age, a person must be responsible in order to be inflicted the penalty on, ……………………………………………………..

8. Not depending on the age, a person must be responsible in order to be

inflicted the penalty on, because …………………………………………….

9. To sum up, a person can be punished, if he or she has been responsible and has reached the age stated by the law in the moment………………………

Text B

TYPES OF CRIMES

Criminals often specialize in committing some particular crimes. A pickpocket most probably will never become a fraudster, burglar, murderer or terrorist. No doubt, there are exceptions, but the statistics show a permanent tendency – 86% of recidivists repeatedly return to court for having committed the same kind of crime.

Murderers could be divided into 2 large groups: assassins who make money by it and the murderers committing a murder out of different motives (avarice, hiding some other crime, taking a revenge, etc.) against law.

Murder is the most severe kind of crime, because another person’s life has been taken. Murder maniac is the most dangerous one in the society, because it is difficult to analyze what exactly causes him to commit a murder and who the victim will be.

Rappers are most often sexually narrow-minded or people with complexes who feel satisfaction in sexual violence.

The first step towards a criminal action most often is misappropriation of property-theft or hooliganism. There are children who have taken something in their childhood without any permission. It is very important how parents, teachers or social workers react towards it. These persons must deal with the situation correctly and qualitatively so that the child would not become a criminal in his further life. The following possible steps might be robberies of flats, car thefts, plunder etc.