- •Куроченко ю. С., Махиня н. В.
- •Preface
- •Introductory phonetic-orthoepic course
- •Introduction
- •Introductory text*
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. We use certain expressions in different social situations.
- •2. Fill in the blanks with the necessary words in brackets.
- •3. Complete the following sentences.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •5. Match the sentences with the correct photos. The first was done for you.
- •1. Address the following people.
- •2. Insert a suitable form of address.
- •3. Fill in prepositions or adverbs where necessary.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Complete the conversations with the correct expressions.
- •3. Make up your own dialogues with the following word combinations.
- •4. Translate the following dialogues into English.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Match the story with the correct words.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.
- •3. Translate the anecdotes into English.
- •Horoscope Chart
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Fill in the gaps with prepositions.
- •2. Complete the sentences with the suitable words. More than one answer is possible.
- •3. Complete the sentences with the correct words.
- •4. From these jumbled words, find combinations to describe people, as in the example. Some of the combinations are hyphenated. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •1. You want to know about the following: someone’s general appearance / their height / their weight.
- •2. How would you describe a person in each of these cases?
- •3. Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •4. Study the article and do the following activities.
- •Does Mother Nature Know Better?
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Read the following dialogue. An Apartment to Let
- •4. Act as interpreter, translate Ukrainian lines into English. Examining an Apartment
- •1. Imagine you’ve just moved into a new flat, and for the first six months you can only have six of the following. Which would you choose?
- •2. Study the advertisements and find the following.
- •Introductory text
- •Everything about Time
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Choose the correct answer.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Tell what’s the time:
- •3. Read the following dialogues.
- •4. Complete the dialogue.
- •1. Can you complete these sentences with the correct number?
- •2. Read the poem and tell what happened to Solomon Grundy during a week.
- •4. Speak about yourself and your country completing these sentences.
- •5. Read the joke and say how you personally appreciate time.
- •Introductory text
- •Do-It-Yourself-Forecast
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Say the following in one word.
- •Seasonal Affective Disorder
- •Introductory text
- •Natural Destruction
- •Vocabualary practice
- •Bank, resources, global, tropical, acid, ozone, industrial, car exhaust
- •If we want to look after the environment, there are certain things we should and shouldn’t do. Complete these two lists in suitable ways.
- •Survive, extinct, green, countryside, endangered, fumes, pollution, farmland
- •Improving Zoos
- •It’s Getting Hotter
- •Rethink Rubbish
- •An Ant’s Eye View
- •Introductory text
- •Telegraph and Telephone
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •3. Find the synonyms to the following words.
- •4. Make the annotation of the text, completing the following sentences.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •People – the great communicators
- •1. Read the following dialogue.
- •2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.
- •3. Fill the gaps in these phone conversations with suitable words or phrases.
- •1. Study the information and express your ideas.
- •Basic Cell Phone Etiquette
- •2. Add other advantages and disadvantages of using mobile phone from your own experience.
- •Modern means of communication
- •4. Read the article and tell if there should be adopted restrictions on cell phone use in our country.
- •5. What do you think about the following statement?
- •Internet Craze
- •Introductory text
- •Our Lives and Computer Technology
- •1. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •2. Complete the following sentences.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •1. Add another word, abbreviation, or part of a word, to complete common ‘computer’ words and phrases.
- •2. Can you remember what these symbols mean?
- •3. Complete the text with the words in the box.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •5. Read, smile and find in the Internet similar computer jokes either in English or in Ukrainian.
- •1. Read the following dialogue. Hooking Up My Computer
- •2. Read the dialogue and fill in the missing words. The first letter of each missing word is given.
- •3. Computers have many applications in a great variety of fields.
- •4. Study the information and express your ideas on the topic. Computer Effects on Human Health
- •1. Read the text and do the following tasks.
- •Computer – a Miraculous Device
- •2. Study the article and answer the questions.
- •Do Computers Rule Our Lives?
- •3. In small groups, choose one of the areas in the diagram below and discuss what computers can do in this area.
- •4. Mini-project.
- •Help Box
- •Introductory text
- •Juvenile Crime
- •Decide whether the following statements about the text are true or false.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Perceptions of youth and adulthood
- •Break, hear, come, leave, go Teenage Party Ends in Tears
- •1. Read the following dialogue. The Generation Gap: Myth or Reality?
- •2. What is your opinion of the following statements? Agree or disagree.
- •4. Read the text and do the activities that follow. Coping With Stress
- •1 ______________________________________________
- •3 ______________________________________________
- •1. Read the text and express your ideas on the offered questions.
- •2. Study the information about youth subcultures and tell…
- •3. Write a paragraph to fit this newspaper headline. Give some details about the crime and the court case using topical vocabulary.
- •Introductory text
- •The Best Shopping Street in the World
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •3. Match up the shop (departments) with the appropriate goods. Give answers in the box.
- •4. Say the same in one word or a phrase.
- •5. Fill in the blank with the corresponding words.
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogue.
- •2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.
- •3. Complete these lines from the conversations.
- •4. Explain clothing idioms and find equivalents in your native language. Use them in the sentences of your own.
- •5. Comparing shopping.
- •1. Read the text and check your ideas. Understanding the Information on the Label
- •2. Read the text and do the activities that follow. The best places to go shopping in the world, and how to pick up a bargain when you get there
- •4. Do the shopping crossword and check how easy it is.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Ukrainian Cuisine
- •Things go better with Coca-Cola
- •To make, to become, to grow, to eat, to open (2), to call, to prefer, to give, to buy History of the Hamburger
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Which symptoms indicate these diseases?
- •3. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words.
- •4. Match the words on the left to their definitions on the right.
- •5. What advice does the doctor give?
- •6. Translate the sentences into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Complete the following dialogue with the appropriate words from the box.
- •3. Below is step-to-step guide to artificial respiration. Put the jumbled sentences in the right order by numbering them (1 – 7). The Kiss of Life
- •4. Put the words into the gaps in the text.
- •5. Put the correct words from the table below in the above article.
- •6. Look through the article and state whether the sentences given after it true (t) or false (f).
- •Chocolate is Good for Your Health
- •2. Study the article and discuss the following:
- •Cleopatra’s Eye Make-Up Had Health Benefits
- •3. Read the article about eating disorders and tell whether you agree / disagree with the following statements:
- •Introductory text
- •The Use of Leisure
- •Vocabualary practice
- •4. Organize these words and put them in the correct columns below.
- •Valuable, afford, traditional, weird, video arcades, rhythm
- •Music Festivals
- •American County Fairs
- •Let’s Get Wet
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Match the words and word combinations from the left column with the definitions from the right column.
- •2. Find the ‘odd one out’. There may be more than one answer. Give your reasons.
- •3. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •4. Read the sayings of famous people about art and decide which definition appeals to you most. You may choose several sayings to complete your own definition.
- •5. Read the following dialogue and discuss the after-dialogue questions.
- •1. Read the lines of a comic vaudeville ‘Romantic Fools’ by Rich Orloff.
- •2. What word or phrase is being defined?
- •3. Fill in the blanks below with the words in the box.
- •Blockbusters
- •4. Study the inside structure of a theatre. Which seats are the most prestigious / convenient / cheap / expensive?
- •5. Write out music styles mentioned in the text. Think of other styles, give their definition or description.
- •6. Translate into English.
- •American Graffiti
- •What’s the Point?
- •In the town (Directions, Street Notices)
- •Introductory text
- •Car Driving and Traffic Regulations
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Make up the words out of the given letters.
- •2. Find the topic-connected words among jumbled letters in the box.
- •3. Match the words or word combinations with their definitions.
- •4. Match the sign with the correct word below.
- •5. Choose a proper word from the box to complete the sentences.
- •School zone, pedestrian, one way, speed limit, yield, railroad tracks, left turn, u-turn, tollbooth, stop, enter, right turn, median, exit, speed limit
- •6. Translate into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Fill in the gaps of the text using the words in right-hand column.
- •3. You are at point X in the map. Follow the directions and write the name of the place next to each sentence.
- •1. Read the text and do the activities that follow. New York City Cab Driver
- •2. Read the text about the underground system in London, divide it into logical parts, entitle them. London Tube
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •Carriage, resort, destination, arrival, cruise, brochure, cabin, platform
- •British Holidaymakers
- •Ellen Macarthur
- •A Safe Trip Abroad
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •Advance, bunk beds, dormitory, double room, family room, key, reception, single room, twin room, vacancies
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •Bill, bottle, dessert, drinks, fish and chips, hungry, menu, non-smoker, order, table
- •3. Translate the following dialogues into English.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •5. Translate the words in brackets in the correct tense form. Real Personal Service
- •1. Read the text and find examples of historical hotels in your own country. Hotel History. Inn
- •2. What would you say in these situations?
- •3. Disagree with the statements avoiding simple negations.
- •4. Lest we forget how difficult it is to master the English language, consider these travel and hotel signs from around the world. Try to say them correctly.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Choose one suitable word underlined in each sentence.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Choose the correct variant.
- •3. Choose the correct response out of two. If both responses are acceptable, choose the one that sounds more natural.
- •4. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •2. Read the text, putting the verbs in the proper tense form.
- •3. Work in pairs. Make up the dialogues on the following situations:
- •4. Guess what holidays (American, Ukrainian and British) are described in the following sentences. The answers are given below.
- •Halloween: Holiday of the Dead
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Complete the sentences.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •3. Choose the correct variant to complete the sentences.
- •4. Match the halves of the sentence.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Translate these questions into English and answer them.
- •4. Put words in the correct order. Add some words if necessary. The City of Odesa
- •5. Render this text in English.
- •1. Read the text and do the tasks that follow.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •4. Paraphrase the parts of the sentences in bold type using words and word combinations from the text. Change the new sentences if it is required.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Find the ‘odd one out’. There may be more than one answer. Give your reasons.
- •4. What do you think a good language learner does? Make up as many sentences as possible with the phrase given in the table.
- •5. Match the words and word combinations with their explanation.
- •6. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where required.
- •1. Read the following dialogue.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Decide which answer – a, b, c or d – best fits each space and read the story given below. Experience in Learning a Foreign Language
- •The English-Speaking World
- •Канадський варіант англійської мови.
- •How the Americans Speak English
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Choose the correct answer.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. There are 15 words in this word square that are connected with money. Find 14 more by looking across or down the word square.
- •3. What can you say in these situations? Complete the sentences but don’t use the underlined words and phrases.
- •4. Choose the most suitable word or phrase to complete each sentence.
- •5. Match the words and word combinations from the left column with the definitions from the right column.
- •6. Choose one suitable word underlined in each sentence.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Choose the most suitable response to each sentence (a-I) from the sentences (1-9).
- •3. Translate the sentences into English.
- •4. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •5. Read the conversations below and guess the meanings of the phrases in bold. Match them with the definitions after the dialogues.
- •1. Read the text and do the tasks given after it. Making a Million
- •2. Read and explain the following quotations.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and phrases.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Translate the words given in brackets.
- •3. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •4. Choose the correct word in each sentence.
- •5. Choose the correct option.
- •6. Translate the following sentences.
- •4. Read the dialogues.
- •5. What would you say if you took part in these dialogues?
- •6. Translate the dialogues into English.
- •1. Study the following information carefully and give answers to the questions.
- •3. Read the sample of application form. What is the difference between application form and resume? Try to fill in the following:
- •Family relations
- •Appearance and Character
- •Dwelling and its Types
- •Time and Dates
- •Natural Phenomena in Weather and Seasons
- •Global Environmental Problems
- •Modern Means of Communication
- •Computer in Our Life
- •Youth Problems
- •Shops and Shopping
- •Food and Meals
- •Leisure Time
- •In the town
- •Traveling and Going through Customs
- •Home and Foreign Holidays and Traditions
- •Ukraine
- •English-speaking countries
- •Money, Currency, Finance
- •Job Hunting
Introductory text
Notes to the text:
in all probability – із більшою ймовірністю
in order to gain a living – щоб заробити на прожиття
to be forced by economic necessity – бути змушеним через економічну необхідність
no effort is required – не потрібно докладати зусиль
if the latter – в останньому випадку
full of eagerness – сповнений бажанням, прагненням
carpentry – теслярство
to look back on – згадувати
to send out with fresh spirits – сповнювати новими силами
to contemplate nature – споглядати на природу
The Use of Leisure
By the way in which a man uses his leisure time his character can be told – more surely in all probability than by the way he does his work. For most men work is necessity in order to gain a living. Vast numbers of men have not even been able to choose what work they would do, but have been forced by economic necessity to take the first job that came their way. But in their leisure time they do what they really want to do and their real selves are reflected in their actions.
Some people are completely passive during leisure hours. If such people go out they go to some place of entertainment where no effort is required by them, a cinema or a dancing hall, and if the latter, they do not dance but simply sit and watch others dancing.
A different type of person hurries home from work full of eagerness to begin on some scheme which he has been planning for his leisure time. Perhaps his hobby is carpentry or modern engineering, or gardening, or he might wish to write, or to study some subject in which he is interested. This is the creative type of character. For him, his leisure hours are full of promise and he can look back on them with satisfaction when he reviews what he has achieved in them.
Leisure should be refreshment; it should send a man out with fresh spirits to battle with the problems of life. Sometimes this freshness comes not from doing anything, but by filling one’s mind with fresh springs of beauty. Many a man gets full value from his leisure by contemplating nature, listening to music, or reading noble books. By this sort of occupation he may not have made anything that he can show, but he has none the less recreated his own source of inspiration and made his own mind a richer and fuller treasure house. This is the true use of leisure.
Comprehension questions.
1. Why can a man’s character be told by the way he uses his leisure?
2. What types of men are there judging from the way they spend their leisure?
3. What do passive people do during leisure hours?
4. How does a creative type of character spend his leisure time?
5. Why should leisure be refreshment?
Find in the text equivalents to the following words and phrases.
Дозвілля, величезна кількість, свіжі джерела краси, садівництво, сповнений прагненням, місце розваги, власне джерело натхнення, скарбниця, своє Я, рід занять, творча особистість.
TOPICAL VOCABULARY
1. General |
1. Загальна лексика |
hobby / pastime (recreation) / leisure / spare time / entertainment / occupation |
хобі / розвага / дозвілля / вільний час / забава/заняття |
to entertain(ed) / to enjoy(ed) / to have a good time |
розважати(ся) / насолоджуватися / гарно проводити час |
to be fond of (to be keen on) |
захоплюватися |
to be interested in / to prefer(ed) |
цікавитися / надавати перевагу |
to make a point of |
звертати особливу увагу (на) |
to make an effort |
докладати зусиль |
educative / energetic / relaxing / competitive / risk-taking activity |
виховна / енергійна / розслаблююча / суперницька, ризикована діяльність |
indoor / outdoor activity |
діяльність у приміщенні / просто неба |
active / passive recreation |
активні / пасивні заняття |
to create(d) / creative / creator / creativity |
творити / творчий / творець (автор) / творчість (креативність) |
to take care of |
піклуватися (про) |
to let steam out / to relax(ed) |
“випускати пару” / розслаблятися |
to have / to take a good rest |
гарно відпочити |
2. Hobby Groups |
2. Групи хобі |
making things: |
творча діяльність: |
cooking / baking |
кулінарія / випічка |
house decorating / designing |
дизайн приміщення |
drawing / painting (body painting) |
малювання / живопис / боді-арт (“натільне мистецтво”, “мистецтво тіла”) |
gardening / floral arrangement |
садівництво / флористика |
handicraft / handmade things |
ремесло / ручна робота |
embroidery / crocheting / sewing / knitting |
вишивання / вишивання тамбуром / шиття / в’язання, плетення |
woodcarving / origami / sand sculpting |
різьблення по дереву / орігамі (вироби з паперу) / скульптура з піску |
jewellery making / candle making |
ювелірне мистецтво / виготовлення свічок |
making music |
написання (створення) музики |
doing things: |
активні та пасивні заняття: |
to watch(ed) TV / cartoons |
переглядати телепрограми / мультфільми |
in front of television |
перед екраном телевізора |
to go to the cinema / theatre/ gallery / museum |
ходити в кіно / театр / галерею / музей |
to go for a drive / for an excursion / hiking / camping / touring / traveling |
прокататися на машині / вирушити на екскурсію / у пішу подорож / подорожувати |
to indulge(d) oneself in bicycling |
захоплюватися їздою на велосипеді |
to explore(d) exotic places / countries / caves / volcanoes |
досліджувати екзотичні місця / країни / печери / вулкани |
to go out / to communicate with friends / to eat out |
бувати в товаристві, проводити час не дома / спілкуватися з друзями/їсти в закладах громадського харчування |
to visit(ed) clubs / concerts / cafes / discos / festivals |
відвідувати клуби / концерти / кафе / дискотеки / фестивалі |
social event / party / picnic |
соціальна подія / вечірка / пікнік |
to do (go) shopping / window-shopping |
ходити по покупки / розглядати вітрини |
to swim(med) / to sunbathe(d) / to stroll(ed) on the beach |
купатися / засмагати / прогулюватися по пляжу |
to organize(d) / to participate (d) (to take part) in leisure pursuit |
організовувати / брати участь у розважальному занятті |
dancing (ballroom, Latina, flamenco, salsa, belly, tango, hip-hop, break-dancing) |
танці (бальні, латиноамериканські, фламенко, сальса, танго, хіп-хоп, брейк) |
online hobbies: blogging, forums, groups, chatting, online dating, online games, photo rating, social networking |
хобі он-лайн: блоги, форуми, групи, чати, побачення он-лайн, ігри он-лайн, оцінювання фото, соціальні мережі |
reading / singing / writing / solving puzzles (riddles, crosswords) / photography (taking pictures) |
читання, вокальне мистецтво, письмо, відгадування головоломок, загадок, кросвордів / фотографія |
playing musical instruments (piano, violin, guitar) |
гра на музичних інструментах (піаніно, скрипка, гітара) |
looking after a pet (cat, dog, hamster, parrot, fish) / dog training |
догляд домашніх улюбленців (кіт, собака, хом’як, папуга, рибки) / дресирування собак |
horse riding / horse racing |
їзда на конях / кінські перегони |
hunting / fishing / picking up mushrooms |
мисливство / рибальство / збір грибів |
astrology / genealogy / palmistry |
астрологія / генеалогія / хіромантія |
kite surfing / ballooning |
запускання повітряного змія / аеронавтика (польоти на повітряній кулі) |
treasure hunting / quest |
пошуки скарбів / квест (гра-пошук) |
collecting things: |
колекціонування: |
to collect(ed) / collector / collection |
колекціонувати (збирати) / колекціонер / колекція |
coin / badge / postcard / stamp / doll / car / autograph collecting |
колекціонування монет / значків / листівок / марок / ляльок / машин / автографів |
art collecting: African art, Asian art, Latin American art, folk art, contemporary art, photography art, western art |
колекціонування живопису:африканського, азіатського, латиноамериканського, народного, сучасного, художньої фотографії, західного мистецтва |
works of art / antique |
витвори мистецтва / витвір античного мистецтва |
world-known / home collection |
усесвітньо відома / приватна колекція |
local art museum / national museum |
місцевий художній музей / національний музей |
international art fair / art expo (exhibition) |
міжнародний мистецький ярмарок/ мистецька виставка |
to fall in love with the work of art |
закохатися у витвір мистецтва |
learning things: |
пізнання нового: |
to waste(d) / to kill(ed) time |
витрачати час (на непотрібні речі) |
curiosity / to be curious (about) |
зацікавленість / цікавитися чимось |
to ask(ed) loads of questions / to search(ed) for answers / to investigate(d) / to explore(d) |
ставити багато запитань / шукати на відповіді / досліджувати |
source of knowledge / wisdom |
джерело знань / мудрості |
to guide(d) thoughts / to share(d) thoughts |
спрямовувати думки / ділитися думками |
to develop(ped) skills / to inspire(d) imagination |
розвивати навички / надихати уяву |
space / ocean exploration |
дослідження космосу / океану |
to learn(ed) foreign languages / the history of art / driving |
вивчати іноземні мови / історію мистецтва / вчитися керувати машиною (катання, їзда) |
3. Sport Activities |
3. Спорт |
ice skating / figure skating / snow skiing |
катання на ковзанах / фігурне катання / катання на лижах |
to skate / to ski |
кататися на ковзанах / на лижах |
skateboarding / snowboarding / rollerblading |
скейтбординг / сноубординг/катання на роликах |
sailing / yachting |
вітрильний спорт / ходити на яхті |
running / jumping / fencing |
біг / стрибки / фехтування |
powerlifting / to practice muscles |
пауерліфтинг / накачувати м’язи |
fitness activities / aerobics |
фітнес / аеробіка |
to do pole-vault |
стрибати з жердиною |
Indoor games: |
Iгри в приміщенні: |
billiard / snooker / pool |
більярд / снукер / пул (різновиди більярду) |
table tennis / ping-pong / badminton |
настільний теніс / пінг-понг / бадмінтон |
squash / draughts / backgammon / dice / outs and crosses |
сквош (гра в м’яч) / шашки / нарди / кості/ хрестики-нулики |
playing cards: deck (pack of cards) / suits / spade / hart / diamond / club / jack / queen / king / ace / trump / poker / bridge |
гра в карти: колода карт / масті / піки / черви / бубни / трефи / валет / дама / король / туз / козир/ покер / бридж |
chess:chessboard / chessmen / castle (rook) / knight / bishop / king / queen / pawn |
шахи:шахова дошка / шахові фігури / тура / кінь / слон / король / ферзь / пішак |
Outdoor games: |
Ігри на відкритому повітрі: |
football: match / pitch / referee / goalkeeper / defender / midfielder / attacker / skipper / substitute / coach / booking |
футбол:матч / поле / суддя / воротар / захисник / напівзахисник / форвард / капітан команди / запасний гравець / тренер / жовта картка |
basketball / volleyball / tennis / polo |
баскетбол / волейбол / теніс / поло |
ice hockey / Russian hockey (field hockey) / hockey stick |
хокей із шайбою / хокей із м’ячем (хокей на траві) / ключка |
martial arts: |
бойові мистецтва: |
aikido / boxing / judo / karate / kickboxing / kung fu / sumo / sambo / taekwondo / Greco-Roman wrestling / jiujitsu |
айкідо / бокс / дзюдо / карате / кікбоксинг / кунг-фу / сумо / самбо / таеквондо / греко-римська боротьба / джиуджитсу |
еxtreme sports: |
екстремальні види спорту: |
mountaineering / rock climbing |
альпінізм / скелелазaння |
bungee jumping |
стрибки з висоти за допомогою еластичного тросу |
river rafting |
сплав по річці на човні |
scuba diving |
скуба-дайвінг (із аквалангом) |
skydiving / parachuting / paragliding |
парашутний спорт (стрибки з парашутом) / парапланеризм |
surfing / windsurfing |
серфінг / віндсерфінг |