- •Куроченко ю. С., Махиня н. В.
- •Preface
- •Introductory phonetic-orthoepic course
- •Introduction
- •Introductory text*
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. We use certain expressions in different social situations.
- •2. Fill in the blanks with the necessary words in brackets.
- •3. Complete the following sentences.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •5. Match the sentences with the correct photos. The first was done for you.
- •1. Address the following people.
- •2. Insert a suitable form of address.
- •3. Fill in prepositions or adverbs where necessary.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Complete the conversations with the correct expressions.
- •3. Make up your own dialogues with the following word combinations.
- •4. Translate the following dialogues into English.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Match the story with the correct words.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.
- •3. Translate the anecdotes into English.
- •Horoscope Chart
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Fill in the gaps with prepositions.
- •2. Complete the sentences with the suitable words. More than one answer is possible.
- •3. Complete the sentences with the correct words.
- •4. From these jumbled words, find combinations to describe people, as in the example. Some of the combinations are hyphenated. Use a dictionary if necessary.
- •1. You want to know about the following: someone’s general appearance / their height / their weight.
- •2. How would you describe a person in each of these cases?
- •3. Agree or disagree with the following statements.
- •4. Study the article and do the following activities.
- •Does Mother Nature Know Better?
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Read the following dialogue. An Apartment to Let
- •4. Act as interpreter, translate Ukrainian lines into English. Examining an Apartment
- •1. Imagine you’ve just moved into a new flat, and for the first six months you can only have six of the following. Which would you choose?
- •2. Study the advertisements and find the following.
- •Introductory text
- •Everything about Time
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Choose the correct answer.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Tell what’s the time:
- •3. Read the following dialogues.
- •4. Complete the dialogue.
- •1. Can you complete these sentences with the correct number?
- •2. Read the poem and tell what happened to Solomon Grundy during a week.
- •4. Speak about yourself and your country completing these sentences.
- •5. Read the joke and say how you personally appreciate time.
- •Introductory text
- •Do-It-Yourself-Forecast
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Say the following in one word.
- •Seasonal Affective Disorder
- •Introductory text
- •Natural Destruction
- •Vocabualary practice
- •Bank, resources, global, tropical, acid, ozone, industrial, car exhaust
- •If we want to look after the environment, there are certain things we should and shouldn’t do. Complete these two lists in suitable ways.
- •Survive, extinct, green, countryside, endangered, fumes, pollution, farmland
- •Improving Zoos
- •It’s Getting Hotter
- •Rethink Rubbish
- •An Ant’s Eye View
- •Introductory text
- •Telegraph and Telephone
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •3. Find the synonyms to the following words.
- •4. Make the annotation of the text, completing the following sentences.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •People – the great communicators
- •1. Read the following dialogue.
- •2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.
- •3. Fill the gaps in these phone conversations with suitable words or phrases.
- •1. Study the information and express your ideas.
- •Basic Cell Phone Etiquette
- •2. Add other advantages and disadvantages of using mobile phone from your own experience.
- •Modern means of communication
- •4. Read the article and tell if there should be adopted restrictions on cell phone use in our country.
- •5. What do you think about the following statement?
- •Internet Craze
- •Introductory text
- •Our Lives and Computer Technology
- •1. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •2. Complete the following sentences.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •1. Add another word, abbreviation, or part of a word, to complete common ‘computer’ words and phrases.
- •2. Can you remember what these symbols mean?
- •3. Complete the text with the words in the box.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •5. Read, smile and find in the Internet similar computer jokes either in English or in Ukrainian.
- •1. Read the following dialogue. Hooking Up My Computer
- •2. Read the dialogue and fill in the missing words. The first letter of each missing word is given.
- •3. Computers have many applications in a great variety of fields.
- •4. Study the information and express your ideas on the topic. Computer Effects on Human Health
- •1. Read the text and do the following tasks.
- •Computer – a Miraculous Device
- •2. Study the article and answer the questions.
- •Do Computers Rule Our Lives?
- •3. In small groups, choose one of the areas in the diagram below and discuss what computers can do in this area.
- •4. Mini-project.
- •Help Box
- •Introductory text
- •Juvenile Crime
- •Decide whether the following statements about the text are true or false.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Perceptions of youth and adulthood
- •Break, hear, come, leave, go Teenage Party Ends in Tears
- •1. Read the following dialogue. The Generation Gap: Myth or Reality?
- •2. What is your opinion of the following statements? Agree or disagree.
- •4. Read the text and do the activities that follow. Coping With Stress
- •1 ______________________________________________
- •3 ______________________________________________
- •1. Read the text and express your ideas on the offered questions.
- •2. Study the information about youth subcultures and tell…
- •3. Write a paragraph to fit this newspaper headline. Give some details about the crime and the court case using topical vocabulary.
- •Introductory text
- •The Best Shopping Street in the World
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •3. Match up the shop (departments) with the appropriate goods. Give answers in the box.
- •4. Say the same in one word or a phrase.
- •5. Fill in the blank with the corresponding words.
- •6. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogue.
- •2. Find the logical order of the following dialogue parts.
- •3. Complete these lines from the conversations.
- •4. Explain clothing idioms and find equivalents in your native language. Use them in the sentences of your own.
- •5. Comparing shopping.
- •1. Read the text and check your ideas. Understanding the Information on the Label
- •2. Read the text and do the activities that follow. The best places to go shopping in the world, and how to pick up a bargain when you get there
- •4. Do the shopping crossword and check how easy it is.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following.
- •Vocabulary practice
- •Ukrainian Cuisine
- •Things go better with Coca-Cola
- •To make, to become, to grow, to eat, to open (2), to call, to prefer, to give, to buy History of the Hamburger
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Which symptoms indicate these diseases?
- •3. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words.
- •4. Match the words on the left to their definitions on the right.
- •5. What advice does the doctor give?
- •6. Translate the sentences into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Complete the following dialogue with the appropriate words from the box.
- •3. Below is step-to-step guide to artificial respiration. Put the jumbled sentences in the right order by numbering them (1 – 7). The Kiss of Life
- •4. Put the words into the gaps in the text.
- •5. Put the correct words from the table below in the above article.
- •6. Look through the article and state whether the sentences given after it true (t) or false (f).
- •Chocolate is Good for Your Health
- •2. Study the article and discuss the following:
- •Cleopatra’s Eye Make-Up Had Health Benefits
- •3. Read the article about eating disorders and tell whether you agree / disagree with the following statements:
- •Introductory text
- •The Use of Leisure
- •Vocabualary practice
- •4. Organize these words and put them in the correct columns below.
- •Valuable, afford, traditional, weird, video arcades, rhythm
- •Music Festivals
- •American County Fairs
- •Let’s Get Wet
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Match the words and word combinations from the left column with the definitions from the right column.
- •2. Find the ‘odd one out’. There may be more than one answer. Give your reasons.
- •3. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •4. Read the sayings of famous people about art and decide which definition appeals to you most. You may choose several sayings to complete your own definition.
- •5. Read the following dialogue and discuss the after-dialogue questions.
- •1. Read the lines of a comic vaudeville ‘Romantic Fools’ by Rich Orloff.
- •2. What word or phrase is being defined?
- •3. Fill in the blanks below with the words in the box.
- •Blockbusters
- •4. Study the inside structure of a theatre. Which seats are the most prestigious / convenient / cheap / expensive?
- •5. Write out music styles mentioned in the text. Think of other styles, give their definition or description.
- •6. Translate into English.
- •American Graffiti
- •What’s the Point?
- •In the town (Directions, Street Notices)
- •Introductory text
- •Car Driving and Traffic Regulations
- •Vocabualary practice
- •1. Make up the words out of the given letters.
- •2. Find the topic-connected words among jumbled letters in the box.
- •3. Match the words or word combinations with their definitions.
- •4. Match the sign with the correct word below.
- •5. Choose a proper word from the box to complete the sentences.
- •School zone, pedestrian, one way, speed limit, yield, railroad tracks, left turn, u-turn, tollbooth, stop, enter, right turn, median, exit, speed limit
- •6. Translate into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Fill in the gaps of the text using the words in right-hand column.
- •3. You are at point X in the map. Follow the directions and write the name of the place next to each sentence.
- •1. Read the text and do the activities that follow. New York City Cab Driver
- •2. Read the text about the underground system in London, divide it into logical parts, entitle them. London Tube
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •Carriage, resort, destination, arrival, cruise, brochure, cabin, platform
- •British Holidaymakers
- •Ellen Macarthur
- •A Safe Trip Abroad
- •Introductory text
- •Vocabualary practice
- •Advance, bunk beds, dormitory, double room, family room, key, reception, single room, twin room, vacancies
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •Bill, bottle, dessert, drinks, fish and chips, hungry, menu, non-smoker, order, table
- •3. Translate the following dialogues into English.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •5. Translate the words in brackets in the correct tense form. Real Personal Service
- •1. Read the text and find examples of historical hotels in your own country. Hotel History. Inn
- •2. What would you say in these situations?
- •3. Disagree with the statements avoiding simple negations.
- •4. Lest we forget how difficult it is to master the English language, consider these travel and hotel signs from around the world. Try to say them correctly.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Choose one suitable word underlined in each sentence.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Choose the correct variant.
- •3. Choose the correct response out of two. If both responses are acceptable, choose the one that sounds more natural.
- •4. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •2. Read the text, putting the verbs in the proper tense form.
- •3. Work in pairs. Make up the dialogues on the following situations:
- •4. Guess what holidays (American, Ukrainian and British) are described in the following sentences. The answers are given below.
- •Halloween: Holiday of the Dead
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Complete the sentences.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •3. Choose the correct variant to complete the sentences.
- •4. Match the halves of the sentence.
- •5. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Translate these questions into English and answer them.
- •4. Put words in the correct order. Add some words if necessary. The City of Odesa
- •5. Render this text in English.
- •1. Read the text and do the tasks that follow.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •4. Paraphrase the parts of the sentences in bold type using words and word combinations from the text. Change the new sentences if it is required.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •3. Find the ‘odd one out’. There may be more than one answer. Give your reasons.
- •4. What do you think a good language learner does? Make up as many sentences as possible with the phrase given in the table.
- •5. Match the words and word combinations with their explanation.
- •6. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where required.
- •1. Read the following dialogue.
- •2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Decide which answer – a, b, c or d – best fits each space and read the story given below. Experience in Learning a Foreign Language
- •The English-Speaking World
- •Канадський варіант англійської мови.
- •How the Americans Speak English
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Choose the correct answer.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. There are 15 words in this word square that are connected with money. Find 14 more by looking across or down the word square.
- •3. What can you say in these situations? Complete the sentences but don’t use the underlined words and phrases.
- •4. Choose the most suitable word or phrase to complete each sentence.
- •5. Match the words and word combinations from the left column with the definitions from the right column.
- •6. Choose one suitable word underlined in each sentence.
- •1. Read the following dialogues.
- •2. Choose the most suitable response to each sentence (a-I) from the sentences (1-9).
- •3. Translate the sentences into English.
- •4. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •5. Read the conversations below and guess the meanings of the phrases in bold. Match them with the definitions after the dialogues.
- •1. Read the text and do the tasks given after it. Making a Million
- •2. Read and explain the following quotations.
- •Introductory text
- •1. Comprehension questions.
- •2. Find in the text English equivalents to the following words and phrases.
- •Vocabualary practice
- •2. Translate the words given in brackets.
- •3. Read the text. Use the word given in brackets changing its form as in the example.
- •4. Choose the correct word in each sentence.
- •5. Choose the correct option.
- •6. Translate the following sentences.
- •4. Read the dialogues.
- •5. What would you say if you took part in these dialogues?
- •6. Translate the dialogues into English.
- •1. Study the following information carefully and give answers to the questions.
- •3. Read the sample of application form. What is the difference between application form and resume? Try to fill in the following:
- •Family relations
- •Appearance and Character
- •Dwelling and its Types
- •Time and Dates
- •Natural Phenomena in Weather and Seasons
- •Global Environmental Problems
- •Modern Means of Communication
- •Computer in Our Life
- •Youth Problems
- •Shops and Shopping
- •Food and Meals
- •Leisure Time
- •In the town
- •Traveling and Going through Customs
- •Home and Foreign Holidays and Traditions
- •Ukraine
- •English-speaking countries
- •Money, Currency, Finance
- •Job Hunting
2. Translate these questions into English and answer them.
1. Коли Україна стала незалежною державою?
2. Чим вiдома Україна?
3. Що вам вiдомо про Київ?
4. Яка полiтична система України?
5. На скiльки областей подiлена Україна?
6. Коли Україна почала будувати свою законодавчу систему?
7. Розкажiть про населення України.
8. Яка офiцiйна мова України?
Fill in the necessary prepositions.
-
out, by, on, in, through, along, of
1. The city lies ____ north-central Ukraine ____ the Dnieper River.
2. The central Kyiv is on а high cliff ____, the western bank of the Dnieper.
3. When we take а bus ride ... Kreshchatyk we are impressed ____ its beauty.
4. This monument was built ____ the site of the 1036 battle.
5. Leaving St. Sophia Cathedral ____ the gateway one comes ____ into Sophiyivska square.
6. ____ the 1100s Kyiv was one of European’s greatest centers of commerce and culture.
7. There are many other places ____ interest in it.
4. Put words in the correct order. Add some words if necessary. The City of Odesa
1. special, true, on, coast, Black, this, is, а, very, gem, city, the, sea.
2. 1794, 1795, name, in, founded, current, received, it, its.
3. seaport, is, large, Odesa, as, also, а, known.
4. outskirt, located, the, in, city, well-known, resorts, and, balneological.
5. regional, administrative, a(n), it, is, now, centre.
6. 1,060,000, people, thousand, population, its.
7. known, is, Odesa, as, the, port, Іlichivsk, ferry, line, linking, Varna.
5. Render this text in English.
В історичній літературі існує чимало версій походження слова “козак”. Один із польських дослідників виводив це найменування від легендарного ватажка, що в давні часи успішно боровся з татарами. Звали його буцімто Козак. Інший, теж польський вчений, пояснював походження цього слова від “коза”. Були версії, згідно з якими козаки – не українці, а нащадки відомих у часи Київської Русі войовничих племен хазарів. Турецькою мовою слово “козак” означає волоцюга, забіяка, розбійник. Очевидно, саме звідти воно й прийшло в Україну. Певно, не самі придумали собі наймення захисники нашого краю, а одержали його від ворога, і воно тут прижилося, зовсім утративши негативний відтінок. Бо козак в Україні став синонімом лицарської доблесті й благородства.
BLOCK III
1. Read the text and do the tasks that follow.
Early days. Human beings have lived in the region of Ukraine for about 300,000 years. One of the earliest cultures was that of the Trypillians, who lived in southwestern Ukraine from about 4000 to 200 B.C. The Trypillians grew crops for а living, decorated pottery and made drills for boring holes in wood and stone.
By about 1500 B.C., nomadic herders occupied the region. They included а warlike, horse-riding people called the Cimmerians. The Scythians, a people from central Asia, conquered the Cimmerians about 700 B.C. Between 700 and 600 B.C., Greeks started to set up colonies on the northern coast of the Black Sea. But the Scythians controlled most of the region until about 200 B.C., when they fell to а group called the Sarmatians. The region was invaded by Germanic tribes from the west in A.D. 270 and by the Huns, an Asian people, in 375.
Kyivan Rus. During the A.D. 800s, а Slavic civilization called Rus grew up at Kyip and at other points along river routes between the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea. Kyiv became the first of the East Slavic states and was known as Kyivan Rus. Scandinavian merchant-warriors called Varangians (also known as Vikings) played а part in organizing the East Slavic tribes into Kyivan Rus. Oleg, а Varangian, became its first ruler in 882. During the 900s, other states recognized Kyiv’s leadership. Vladimir I (Volodymyr in Ukrainian), the ruler of the Russian city of Novhorod, conquered Kyivan Rus in 980. Before the East slays became Christians, they had worshipped idols and nature spirits. In 1240 Mongol tribes known as Tatars swept across the Ukrainians plains from the east and conquered the region.
Halych-Volyn Rus. After the fall of Kyivan Rus the principalities of Halych and Volodymyr – Volynsky grew and prospered in Western Ukraine. In 1199, they were united by Prince Roman Mstyslavovych, а gifted military leader. Thus the ethnically homogenous Halych - Volyn Principality was created. Prince Roman curbed the arbitrary rule of the local secular and church feudals, and did his best to establish good order in his domain.
Prince Daniel (Danylo) of Halych (1228-1264), his successor, continued his father’s work, further strengthening his state. Не defended his independence against the Hungarians, Teutonic knights and Tatars. Не was а subtle and cautious diplomat in dealing with Western Europe and the Golden Horde, and he promoted culture and developed the new cities of Lviv and Kholm.
After the death of last Prince, Yuri II (1340), this state also fell apart. Polish King Casimir seized Lviv, the capital of Halychyna. In 1387, Halychyna was incorporated into the Polish Kingdom. In the mid-fourteenth century the Eastern Ukrainian territories fell to Lithuania (Kyiv followed suit in 1362).
With the Union of Lublin (1569) the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania were joined in а single Commonwealth in which Poland was dominant and Lithuania’s Ukrainian territories were transferred to Poland. The long period of struggle of the Ukrainian people for their national and social liberation began.
a) Find adjectives to each of the following nouns from the text. Translate these word combinations.
pottery; principality;
herders; feudals;
people; diplomat;
tribes; liberation.
Commonwealth;
b) Match the questions with the answers.
1. How long have human beings lived in the region of Ukraine?
|
A. During the A.D. 800s, а Slavic civilization called Rus grew up at Kyiv between the Baltic sea and the Black sea. |
2. What was one of the earliest cultures?
|
B.Vladimir I, the ruler of Novhorod, conquered Kyivan Rus in 980. |
3. Who were Scythians?
|
C. It was when Poland and Lithuania were joined in а single Commonwealth. |
4.When did a Slavic civilization grow up? |
D. Trypillians lived in southwestern Ukraine from about 4000 to 200 ВС. |
5.What did Vikings do?
|
E. Не promoted culture and developed the new cities of Lviv and Kho1m. |
6.Who conquered Kyivan Rus in 980?
|
F. People from central Asia, conquered the Cimmerians about 700 ВС. |
7.What happened in 988?
|
G.Halychyna was incorporated into the Polish Kingdom. |
8. What did Daniel of Halych dо?
|
H. Vladimir became а Christian and made Christianity the state religion. |
9. What happened in 1387? |
I.They have lived in the region of Ukraine for about 300.000 years. |
10. When did the long period of struggle of the Ukrainian people for their national and social liberation begin? |
J. Scandinavian merchant-warriors called Varangians played а part in organizing East-Slavic tribes into Kyivan Rus. |
с) Fill in the missing words in а proper form.
recognize, defend, incorporate, join in, deal with, invade, occupy |
1. The region was __________ by Germanic tribes.
2. During the 900s other states __________ Kyiv’s leadership.
3. By about 1500 BC, normadic herders ____________ the region.
4. Prince Daniel __________ his independence against the Hungarians.
5. Не was very diplomatic in ____________ Western Europe and Golden Horde.
6. In 1387, Halychyna was ___________ into the Polish Kingdom.
7. With the Union of Lublin the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania were __________ а single Commonwealth.
d) Complete the following sentences using the required information from the above text. Add some pieces of new information to each of the sentences.
1. The Trypillians grew crops for _________.
2. After the fall of Kyivan Rus the principalities of Halych and Volodymyr - Volynsky grew _________.
З. Prince Roman curbed the arbitrary rule of the local secular and church feudals, and ________ .
4. During the AD 800s, а Slavic civilization called Rus grew up at Kyiv and ___________ .
5. With the Union of Lublin ________.
6. In 980 Volodymyr I, the ruler of the Russian city of Novhorod _________.
BLOCK IV
Topics for discussion and essays.
1. If asked about the typical features of the Ukrainians, what peculiarities would you choose?
2. Patriotism and nationalism – difference between the notions.
3. You are having a foreign guest. Choose 5 places of the country to show to him / her.
4. The history and the reasons of constant Ukrainian struggle for freedom.
5. Outstanding people of Ukraine.
6. Name and describe 5 things / achievements of Ukrainians to be proud of.
7. Compare the maps of the Kievan Rus in the 11th century and the present day Ukraine, speak on its geographical position, neighbors, etc.
During the Golden Age of Kiev, the lands of Rus’ covered modern western Ukraine, Belarus, and western Russia. But it did not include modern central, eastern, and southern Ukraine, which were inhabited by nomads and had a different history.
LESSON 20
English-Speaking Countries (English Language Variations)
No language, no country.
Language is the dress of thought.
Language is the pedigree of nation.
The more languages you know, the more you are a person.
A country without a language is a country without a soul.
Knowledge of languages is the doorway to wisdom.
English is the perfect language for preachers because it allows you to talk until you think of what to say (Garrison Keillor)