- •Министерство аграрной политики и продовольствия украины
- •Contents
- •Introduction…………………………………………………………..4
- •Intoduction
- •IV. Words to be learnt:
- •Exercises to the text:
- •I. Find the Russian equivalents in the right-hand column for the following:
- •II. Use the proper preposition where necessary:
- •III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •V. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
- •Grammar Material Word order Порядок слов
- •The Noun (Множественное число имён существительных)
- •Possessive Case
- •The Article
- •I. Put the words in the right order:
- •II. Divide the groups of letters and make sentences. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •III. Give the plural for the following nouns:
- •IV. Comment on the nouns fish and fruit. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •V. Comment on the use of the Genitive Case:
- •VI. Replace the of-phrase by the noun in the Possessive Case:
- •VII. Translate into English. Pay attention to the words in brackets:
- •VIII. Fill in the blanks with indefinite article (a, an):
- •IX. Build up three columns from the following nouns and word combinations:
- •X. Use the proper article where necessary:
- •Additional task
- •I. Read the text and find answers to the following questions:
- •National emblems of the United Kingdom
- •II. Make up sentences with the following words and word combinations:
- •IV. Words to be learnt:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •V. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
- •Grammar Material Глагол To be (быть)
- •Глагол to have (иметь)
- •Preposition (Предлог)
- •Prepositions of Location (Основные предлоги места)
- •Pronouns (Местоимения) Personal and Possessive Pronouns (Личные и Притяжательные местоимения)
- •Demonstrative Pronouns (Указательные местоимения)
- •Reflexive Pronouns (Возвратные местоимения)
- •Grammar Exercises
- •I. A) Use the verb to be in Present Simple Tense:
- •II. A) Use the verb to be in Past Simple Tense:
- •III. A) Use the verb to be in Future Simple Tense:
- •IV. Use the verb to have in proper tense:
- •V. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the verb to have:
- •VI. Use prepositions on, in or into:
- •VII. Translate the following sentences using prepositions on, in, at, to, into:
- •VIII. Open the brackets and use personal or possessive pronouns:
- •IX. Use the necessary demonstrative pronouns: this, these, that, those:
- •X. Use the necessary reflexive pronouns:
- •XI. Prolong sentences according to the example. Translate them into Russian:
- •Is there a trolleybus there?
- •Additional task
- •I. Read the text and find answers to the following questions:
- •II. How are citizens of the city called?
- •IV. Words to be learnt:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •V. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
- •Grammar Material The Numeral (Имя Числительное)
- •Impersonal sentences (Безличные предложения)
- •Неопределенные местоимения some, any
- •Местоимения some, any, no и их производные
- •Prepositions of Direction
- •VI. Make up sentences using the following tables:
- •VII. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
- •VIII. Use some or any in the following sentences:
- •IX. Insert some, any or no in the following sentences:
- •X. Insert something, anything, nothing or everything:
- •XI. Insert somebody, anybody, nobody or everybody:
- •XII. Insert somewhere, anywhere, nowhere or everywhere:
- •XIII. Complete the dialogue, using some, any and their compounds:
- •XIV. Use the proper prepositions of location and direction:
- •II. What is the capital of Wales?
- •III. Make up sentences with the following words and word combinations:
- •IV. Read and translate two paragraphs about language situation in Wales and try to compare it to the situation in the Ukraine:
- •V. Read about the capital city and the main ports of Wales and insert proper prepositions:
- •VI. Make up your own dialogues using the following questions about Wales:
- •IV. Words to be learnt:
- •Употребление Present Simple Tense
- •The Imperative Mood (Повелительное наклонение)
- •Types of questions
- •Prepositions of Time Основные предлоги времени
- •I. Conjugate the following verbs in Present Simple Tense paying attention to the 3rd person singular:
- •VI. Translate and try to remember the most usable Imperative phrases in every day speech:
- •VII. Translate the following Imperative sentences from Russian into English:
- •XIII. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
- •XIV. Use the proper prepositions of time:
- •XV. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English paying attention to the prepositions of time:
- •Additional task
- •I. Read the text and find answers to the following questions:
- •II. How are citizens of the city called?
- •IV. Words to be learnt:
- •Употребление Past Simple Tense
- •Степени сравнения имён прилагательных
- •Степени сравнения наречий
- •1. Use the verb “to be” in Past Simple Tense:
- •II. Put the following irregular verbs in Past Simple Tense:
- •III. Comment on the use of the Past Simple Tense:
- •IV. Make the following sentences interrogative and then negative:
- •V. Open the brackets using the verbs in Past Simple Tense:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
- •VII. Choose the right variant and retell the dialog:
- •VIII. Form the comparative and superlative from the following adjectives:
- •IX. Translate from Russian into English:
- •X. Use the appropriate form of the adjective given in brackets:
- •XI. Fill in the blanks using as … as, not so … as, than:
- •XII. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •XIII. Form the adverbs from the following adjectives by adding suffix –ly. Translate them into Russian:
- •Additional task
- •1. Read the text and find answers to the following questions:
- •Singapore
- •II. How are citizens of the city called?
- •IV. Words to be learnt:
- •Grammar Material The Future Simple Tense (Будущее простое время)
- •Употребление Future Simple Tense
- •Modal verbs
- •I. Comment on the use of the Future Simple Tense:
- •VI. Open the brackets using verbs in Present Simple or Future Simple:
- •VII. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using Present Simple or Future Simple:
- •VIII. Comment on the use of the modal verbs:
- •IX. Fill in the blanks with can (could) or may (might):
- •XIV. Put the following sentences in right order to make the text:
- •Additional task
- •I. Read the text and find answers to the following questions:
- •Canberra
- •II. How are citizens of the city called?
- •IV. Words to be learnt:
- •Grammar Material The Present Continuous Tense (Настоящее длительное время)
- •Употребление Present Continuous Tense
- •Местоимения much, many
- •Местоимения little, few
- •I. Conjugate the following verbs in Present Continuous Tense:
- •VII. Put questions to the underlined words:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
- •IX. Fill in the blanks using much or many:
- •X. Fill in the blanks using little or few:
- •XI. Translate into English the following word combinations using little (a little), few (a few):
- •XII. Fill in the blanks using much, many, little (a little), few (a few):
- •Additional task
- •I. Read the text and find answers to the following questions:
- •II. How are citizens of the city called?
- •IV. Words to be learnt:
- •Grammar Material The Past Continuous Tense (Прошедшее длительное время)
- •Употребление Past Continuous Tense
- •The Future Continuous Tense (Будущее длительное время)
- •Употребление Future Continuous Tense
- •The conjunction (Союз)
- •I. Conjugate the following verbs in Past Continuous Tense:
- •II. Comment on the use of Past Continuous Tense:
- •III. Make the following sentences interrogative then negative:
- •IV. Open the brackets using the verbs in Present or Past Continuous:
- •V. Open the brackets using the verbs in Past Continuous or Past Simple:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English:
- •VII. Comment on the use of Future Continuous Tense:
- •VII. Give the answers to the following questions using words in brackets:
- •VIII. Open the brackets using Future Simple or Future Continuous:
- •Additional task
- •I. Read the text and find answers to the following questions:
- •Wellington
- •II. How are citizens of the city called?
- •Vocabulary:
- •The english ianguace
- •Vocabulary:
- •How do I learn english
- •Vocabulary:
- •Education in britain
- •Vocabulary:
- •The british education system state education in britain
- •Vocabulary:
- •The british education system private education
- •Vocabulary:
- •Cambridge
- •Vocabulary:
- •Oxford - the university town
- •Vocabulary:
- •Exercises to the text:
- •I. Translate the words and words combinations from English into Russian. Build up your own sentences with them:
- •II. Choose the Russian equivalents to the English word combinations:
- •III. Fill in the blanks with the words given below and build up general questions to the sentences:
- •IV. Confirm or rebut the following statements:
- •V. Choose the right English equivalent to the words in brackets:
- •VI. Translate the sentences from Russian into English:
- •Exercises to the text:
- •V. Choose the right English equivalent to the words in brackets:
- •VI. Translate the sentences from Russian into English:
- •Exercises to the text:
- •I. Translate the words and words combinations from English into Russian. Build up your own sentences with them:
- •II. Choose the Russian equivalents to the English word combinations:
- •III. Complete the beginning of the following sentences:
- •IV. Ask questions to the underlined words:
- •V. Confirm or rebut the following statements:
- •VI. Choose the right English equivalent to the words in brackets:
- •VI. Translate the sentences from Russian into English:
- •Literature
- •Словари и справочники
- •© Анна Александровна Заболотная
Grammar Material The Numeral (Имя Числительное)
Имена числительные делятся на количественные и порядковые.
I. Количественные числительные обозначают количество предметов и отвечают на вопрос: how many – сколько? (one - один, two - два, three – три).
1. Числительные от 13 до 19 образуются прибавлением суффикса –teen (thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen ).
2. Числительные, образующие десятки, образуются прибавлением суффикса – ty (twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety).
3. Между десятками и следующими за ними единицами ставится дефис: twenty-three, fifty-seven.
4. Числительные hundred, thousand, million не принимают –s во мню числе, но когда они выражают неопределенное количество сотен, тысяч и миллионов и являются существительными, они принимают окончание –s. (two hundred, но hundreds of books)
II. Порядковые числительные являются определением к существительному и требуют определенного артикля.
1. Порядковые числительные, за исключением первых трех (the first, the second, the third) образуются прибавлением суффикса –th (the fifth – 5-й)
2. Дробные числительные читаются следующим образом:
½ - a half 2/3 – two thirds ¼ - one fourth/ a quarter 2 ½ - two and a half
|
0,1 – nought point one 0,02 – nought point nought two 2,45 – two point four five 43,502 – fourty-three point five nought two |
Impersonal sentences (Безличные предложения)
В английских безличных предложениях употребляется формальное подлежащее, выражаемое местоимением it. В качестве формального подлежащего местоимение it употребляется:
1. При сообщениях о явлениях природы:
e.g. It is summer. It was hot day – Лето. Был жаркий день.
2. При глаголах обозначающих состояние погоды:
e.g. It often rains in Britain. – В Британии часто идёт дождь.
It is freezing. – Подмораживает.
А также может использоваться глагол to take +it = нужно, требуется
e.g. It took me two hours to translate this text. – Мне потребовалось два часа, чтобы перевести этот текст.
3. При обозначении времени и расстояния:
e.g. It was early morning. – Было раннее утро.
e.g. It is nor far to university. – До университета недалеко.
4. При оценки действия, которое выражено инфинитивом, следующим за именной частью сказуемого.
e.g. It is difficult to solve this problem without computer. – Трудно решить эту задачу без компьютера.
Отрицательная и вопросительная формы безличных предложений стоятся по общему правилу.
e.g. It is not necessary to finish this work today. – Нет необходимости заканчивать эту работу сегодня.
Is it necessary to finish this work today? – Эту работу необходимо закончить сегодня?
Неопределенные местоимения some, any
Употребление |
Форма | ||
Утвердительная some |
Вопросительная any |
Отрицательная not any=no | |
Перед конкретным существительным в единственном числе |
Give me some book, please. – Дайте мне, пожалуйста, какую-нибудь книгу. |
Can you give me any book? – Вы можете дать мне какую-нибудь книгу? |
I cannot give you any book. (I can give you no book.) - Я не могу дать Вам никакую книгу. |
Перед конкретным существительным во множественном числе |
I see some maps on the shelf. – Я вижу несколько географических карт на полке. |
Do you see any maps on the shelf? - Вы видите какие-нибудь географические карты на полке? |
I do not see any maps on the shelf. - Я не вижу никаких географических карт на полке. |
Перед существительными отвлеченными и вещественными |
I have some clean paper. – У меня есть чистая бумага. |
Have you any clean paper? - Есть ли у Вас чистая бумага? |
I have not any clean paper. (I have no clean paper.) - У меня нет чистой бумаги. |
Note: any – любой, всякий (в утвердительной форме) You can get this book at any book shop. Вы можете достать эту книгу в любом магазине. |