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.pdfнавіть якби зараз не було дощу. 7. Навіть якби Джон постарався, він не зміг би цього зробити.
7.3.2.2. Adverbial clauses of comparison
Ex. 245. Read and translate the following sentences. Comment on the forms and the meaning of the Subjunctive Mood.
A. 1. He looked as though he were ill. 2. Her face was so white that she looked as if she were going to faint. 3. I felt as though I were making a bad joke. 4. It seemed as if he were burning me with his eyes. 5. It was as though he followed his soul‘s thoughts. 6. It looked as if he weren‘t interested in his uninvited guest. 7. He felt as though she did not love him. 8. He looked as though he knew it to be true. 9. He sat in his chair looking as if he were going to be sick. 10. It seemed as though he had worked an entire day. 11. It was as though nothing had happened. 12. I feel as if I had eaten too much.
B. 1. He felt awkward as if everybody were looking at him. 2. I‘m sorry to talk about you as if you weren‘t here. 3. Try to behave, my dear, as if nothing had happened. 4. He smiled as though he could read through my thoughts. 5. She spoke to me as if we had never quarrelled. 6. Everybody treats me as if I had a disease. 7. He began to shake as though he were cold. 8. She told me what to do as if she were a doctor. 9. You speak about him as if he had been cured. 10. The girl got very excited as though she had never travelled by air. 11. He looked at me sometimes as if he were sorry for me.
Ex. 246. Use the corresponding mood form instead of the infinitive in brackets.
1. Two American girls were eating their ices with concentration as if they (to make) an experiment at their college laboratory. 2. The girls were neat and clean and their noses, and even legs were identical as though they (to make) up to the same standard. 3. The girl‘s glance was not like a woman‘s but a man‘s – very straightforward as if she (to speculate) on some course of action. 4. The Frenchwoman thanked me formally for her compact as if nothing (to happen). 5. What struck me most on the square was the silence. It looked as if it (to be) not a square crowded with the dead and their relatives but a church during Mass. 6. When Pyle saw blood on his shoes he looked as if he (to be) about to faint. 7. Your pearls are a very good imitation, they look as if they (to be) real. 8. The letter was
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written in block letters as if one (can) not identify the writer‘s hand when the paper is written in block letters. 9. Coming to Kyiv on a flying visit after two years‘ absence I felt as if I (not to leave) Kyiv for a single day. 10. You look so tired as if you (to work) all day long. 11. Waiting for
Susan on Saturday evening I was so excited as if it (to be) the first time I‘d taken a girl out.12. It was all very clean and shining, very nice too but it looked as if no human being (to live) ever there. 13. She did that as if nobody (to exist) in the room. 14. It was as if I (to attack) by an invisible enemy. 15. She had black hair and a fur jacket and sat bolt upright as if she (to give) the car its orders rather than driving it. 16. It seemed as if the soft hand gently caressing me (to turn) hard and big and struck me.
Ex. 247. Translate the sentences into English.
A.1. Здавалося, що він нікому не вірить. 2. Мені здавалося, що
ядесь чула цей голос. 3. Що з вами? У вас такий вигляд, наче вам зле.
4. Ви виглядаєте так, наче все літо провели на півдні. 5. Хоча нікого не було видно, у мене було таке відчуття, неначе за мною спостерігали. 6. Вони поводилися з дівчиною, наче з іграшкою. 7. У кімнаті було парко, неначе вікна не відчинялися вічність. 8. Він поводиться так, наче знайомий з усіма. 9. Вона розмовляла з нами так, наче ми були у чомусь винні. 10. Він почервонів, наче його згнітило моє зауваження. 11. Дівчинка дивилась на батька так, неначе ось-ось заплаче. 12. Він говорив про книгу з таким поважним виглядом, неначе сам був її автором. 13. Я пам‘ятаю цей роман, неначе тільки що прочитав його. 14. Ви говорите так, неначе вам не шкода своєї власної доньки. 15. Жінка йшла обережно, неначе підлога була слизькою.
В. 1. Містер Келада подивився на мене здивовано, наче він не розумів, чому я хочу облишити цю тему. 2. Схоже на те, що невдовзі буде дощ, захопи парасольку про всяк випадок. 3. Дівчина подивилася на нього прямо, неначе вона розмірковувала, чи варто його попереджати про вибух. 4. Вони знищили всі папери, неначе папери були єдиним свідком їх злочинів. 5. Вибух почувся на великій відстані від кафе, здавалося, що хтось сильно грюкнув дверима. 6. Здавалося, що увесь світ розлетівся на частини: я опинився в оточенні уламків стільців, столів і розбитих пляшок 7. Джо із нетерпінням чекав повернення у будинок тітоньки, неначе він не мріяв вибратися з нього всього три місяці тому. 8. Джо був одягнений у свій вихідний костюм і почувався так, наче було велике свято. 9. Його шинель була
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сильно зім‘ята і пахла гумою, неначе він спав у ній під дощем багато днів.
7.3.2.3. Subject Subordinate Clauses
Ex. 248. Read and translate the following sentences. Comment on the use and the meaning of the verb forms in the subject subordinate clauses.
A. 1. It is important that wickedness shouldn‘t triumph. 2. It was absolutely necessary that he should think what had happened. 3. It is desirable that you should be present here. 4. It was advisable that the boy should go out earlier than usual. 5. It is demanded that she should leave the house at once. 6. It was required that they become familiar with the facts. 7. It was arranged that the students should take their examinations in a week.
B. 1. It is a pity it should be raining so heavily. 2. It is a pity you‘d have come so late. 3. It is natural that I‘d look run down after the exam. 4. It was strange that they‘d have changed their mind. 5. It‘s time you should tell us the whole truth. 6. It is curious that she should have refused to keep them company. 7. It is better that he should stay away altogether. 8. It is right that you should have said it frankly.
Ex. 249. Supply the necessary forms of the Subjunctive Mood for the verbs in brackets.
1. It‘s only natural that those two boys (to want) to play together. 2. It wasn‘t strange that the son (to inherit) his father‘s linguistic talents. 3. It seems surprising now that I (to get away) with it for so long. 4. She was jealous or surprised and it seemed better that the friendship (to cease). 5. It isn‘t advisable that you (to sit) here alone. 6. It seems fortunate that you (to meet) us there. 7. It is impossible that the tickets (to be) so expensive. 8. It is unbelievable that fresh air and exercise (to do) anybody some harm. 9.
It‘s wonderful that they (to give) you a present. 10. Is it odd that I (to love) your brother? 11. It was necessary that the expedition (to have) a radio. 12.
It‘s high time she (to be serious). She is not a child already. 13. It‘s high time she (to ring up) me. She promised to inform me about the result of the exam. 14. It is strange that he (to ask) that question. 15. It‘s possible that he (not to review) the whole material if he got a three. 16. It was
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unbelievable that he (not to do) his homework. 17. It is desirable that the students (to speak) English to each other in class. 18. It was demanded that the labour conditions (to be) improved. 19. It is important that you (to answer) his letter not later than tomorrow. 20 It is desirable that the meeting (to take place) in three days.
Ex. 250. Translate the sentences into English.
A. 1. Необхідно, щоб студенти якомога більше читали англійських книжок. 2. Було вирішено, щоб студенти читали роман Джона Брейна ―Шлях угору‖. 3. Дуже важливо, щоб вони читали цю книгу в оригіналі. 4. Рекомендується, щоб ви переклали цей уривок, не користуючись словником. 5. Бажано, щоб студенти виписували цікаві вирази та застосовували їх у своїй мові. 6. Домовились, щоб ми провели конференцію за цією книгою в кінці семестру. 7. Необхідно, щоб усі студенти взяли участь у цій конференції.
В. 1. Дивно, що саме ви схвалюєте цю точку зору. 2. Дивно, що він досі не відповів на наш лист. 3. Шкода, що ви вже зателефонували йому. 4. Шкода, що він не знає французької мови. 5. Природно, що люди люблять волю. 6. Цілком природно, що дівчинка була задоволена подарунком. 7. Вам давно слід було вивчити вірші. 8. Речі запаковані; час посилати за машиною. 9. Жаль, що ви так мало розмовляєте англійською на уроках. 10. Вам час переконати її відмовитися від поїздки, яка не дасть їй нічого путнього. 11. Всім давно було вже час лягати спати, оскільки було дуже пізно. Але всі були зайняті роботою. 12. Вам час припинити ці суперечки. Все одно ніхто з вас не поступиться, і ви ніколи не дійдете згоди. 13. Вам час вже вирішити, як ви будете проводити свою відпустку. Час минає, а ще нічого не зроблено. 14. Вам давно час звернутися до лікаря; ви виглядаєте так, наче давно хворі. 15. Необхідно, щоб лікар ретельно обстежив дитину. 16. Дуже сумнівно, що він мав захворювання горла
7.3.2.4. Object subordinate clauses
Ex. 251. Read the following sentences and analyze the use of Subjunctive I and Suppositional Mood in object subordinate clauses.
1. She suggested that Miss Fairly should go to the pictures in the town, which was only six miles away. 2. Mrs. Pestle had suggested that her daughter, then already quite well known as a harpsichordist, should join us in this recital. 3. To begin with, he alluded to my exalted position
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and importance, and suggested that I should remove myself to Pretoria. 4. He then turned to Alice, and before my very face proposed to her that she should fly with him. 5. The doctor feels that you have made too quick a change from a mountain climbing to our cloistered life, and he suggests we send you away, for less than one short year, to some place where you can have normal exercise. 6. Andrew was there. Ivory insisted that he be present, in the most genuine and friendly fashion imaginable.
Ex. 252. Use the corresponding mood forms instead of the infinitives in brackets.
A. 1. He insisted that a young actress (to star) in the play in the coming year. 2. He requested that she (to partner) him. 3. We ask that you (to listen) to our convincing arguments. 4. I insist that you (to mention) their names and their good work in your report. 5. We insist that the firm (to answer) within this month. 6. I insist that you (to press) your trousers and (to get) a shave. 7. She requested that I (to give) the dictionary to her. 8. My friend strongly advises that we (to attend) these lectures. 9. The teacher insisted that we (to write) a composition on Tuesday. 10. The professor proposed that I (not to experiment) alone. 11. She demands that the students (to work) at the laboratory regularly. 12. The teacher (to recommend) that we should do the exercise in writing.
B.1. They arrange that the conference (to take place) in the library.
2.The Dean directed that the meeting (to hold) at four o‘clock. 3. We agreed that we all (to read) the book in the original. 4. Who suggested that
she (to choose) that branch of philology? 5. Don‘t you propose that the discussion (to put an end to)? 6. She suggests that I (to consult) the professor. 7. The doctor advised that my brother (to go) to the south immediately. 8. She never suggested that he (to do) anything but paint. 9. We suggest that their plan (to turn down). 10. The firm insisted that we (to press) the matter otherwise they wanted to cancel the engagement. 11. I suggest that our children (to teach) English 12. She thought it an admirable suggestion that he (to undertake) her daughter‘s case. 13. Miss Post had suggested that the private file (to type) out neatly – it would be easier for Miss Hairlie to read. 14. I want you to undertake all the arrangements. Who do you suggest (to do) it?
Ex. 253. Fill in the blanks with one of the verbs: to ask, to insist, to demand, to request, to suggest, to order. Pay attention to the form you use
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1. The man … that his advocate should try to convince the judges that he was innocent. 2. He … that we should persuade her to see the doctor at once. 3. The students of the group … that she should attend all the lectures to pass her examinations. 4. I … that they should settle the matter themselves. 5. All the members of the group … that everything should be cleared up before the meeting. 6. Our new friends … that we should go on a camping trip in the coming year. 7. The teacher … that the pupils should go on an excursion on Sunday. 8. The girl … that they should give her another chance to improve. 9. He … that his secretary should be sent in to him immediately. 10. I … that he should speak his opinion frankly. 11. They friendly … that she should not take it seriously. 12. Who … that you should consult this doctor? 13. They… that the issue be discussed in a week. 14. The man … that they should meet in the library. 15. Nell was resolute in … that she should see the dentist.
Ex. 254. Change the structure of the following sentences so as to use the forms of the Subjunctive Mood in subordinate object clauses. Look at the model.
Model: He insisted on their coming on Sunday.
He insisted that they come (should come) on Sunday.
1. I proposed to find a doctor and bring him to see Strickland. 2. I suggest my friend‘s postponing the party till next Sunday. 3. Danny proposed to blow up the sewer. 4. The defence insisted on hearing some more witnesses. 5. The captain ordered the passengers to leave the deck. 6. I proposed not to bother him about such trifles. 7. He told them it was time to have dinner. 8. He demanded our mentioning this fact in our report. 9. He insisted that it was necessary for me to accompany him. 10. He was very nice about it and insisted on my accepting an extra week‘s salary.
Ex. 255. Complete the following sentences. Make use of the suggested phrases.
1.She suggested … (щоб я відправив книги в Москву поштою).
2.The official advised … (щоб мій товариш відправив телеграму зі
сплаченою відповіддю). 3. The clerk insisted … (щоб відправник написав своє ім‘я повністю внизу бандеролі). 4. They arrange … (щоб термінові телеграми приносили протягом двох годин). 5. The woman requested … (щоб я написав прізвище і адресу одержувача в середині пакету). 6. The man demands … (щоб в нього прийняли замовлення на розмову з Москвою терміново). 7. The chief directed … (щоб
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документи відправили листом на замовлення). 8. I requested … (щоб нас не роз‘єднували, доки ми не закінчимо розмову). 9. The postmaster ordered … (щоб телеграму принесли якнайшвидше). 10. The girl at the counter requested … (щоб я заповнила бланк).
Ex. 256. Translate the sentences into English.
А. 1. Вона запропонувала, щоб ми прогулялися по саду після обіду. 2. Студенти проcили, щоб їм показали фільм в оригіналі. 3. Я розпорядився, щоб для студентів ще раз прочитали лекцію. 4. Ніхто не наполягає, щоб ви виконали цю роботу сьогодні. 5. Директор наказав, щоб усі зібралися в актовому залі через дві години. 6. Вона порадила, щоб ми чекали її біля входу в парк. 7. Він запропонував, щоб усі студенти брали участь у цій дискусії. 8. Ми домовилися, щоб всім разом провести її у неділю. 9. Бібліотекар вимагала, щоб я повернула книги в кінці тижня. 10. Він наказав, щоб все приготували до п‘ятої години.
В. 1.Вона попросила, щоб секретар надрукував необхідні папери якнайскоріше. 2. Пасажири вимагали, щоб водій негайно зупинив автобус. 3. Викладач запропонував, щоб студенти вибрали книги для індивідуального читання самі. 4. Він вимагав, щоб його впустили в дім, ніби в нього було на це право. 5. Мати наполягала, щоб син сказав їй усю правду. 6. Його батько наполягав, щоб Майкл отримав освіту, необхідну для джентльмена. 7. Вона дала розпорядження, щоб Тому вручили листа вранці. 8. Вчитель порадив студентам, щоб вони працювали влітку гідами-екскурсоводами. 9. Куратор запропонував, щоб ми обговорили це питання з деканом
Ex. 257. Read and translate the following sentences. Comment on the use and the meaning of the verb forms. Translate them into your native language.
1. I wish I could speak Spanish. 2. He wished he had his father‘s talent. 3. I wish you were listening to me more attentively. 4. I wish you were here and knew what we know. 5. Alec wished he hadn‘t gone with them. 6. We wish it were sunny and warm all year round. 7. Mother wished Ann didn‘t have a bad cold. 8. I wished I had stayed in the country longer. 9. She wished she hadn‘t been rude to him. 10. We wish we had known about the incident then. 11. I wish I could have kept us company that night. 12. Steve wished he had stayed up all night. 13. I wish you
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would come to my party tomorrow. 14. I wish you would tell me what your theory is. 15. He only wished he could work more.
Ex. 258. Compose sentences expressing an unreal wish using the sentences given below for basis. Look at the model.
Model: It is a pity he took leave of us so soon. I wish he had not taken leave of us so soon.
1. It is a pity you did not restrain yourself from saying those insulting things. 2. It is a pity you did not comply with their request. 3. It is a pity he is so shy and self-conscious. 4. I am sorry that my feelings got the better of me at that moment. 5. It is a pity that the doctor overlooked that vital symptom. 6. I am sorry that I made that error. 7. It is a pity you can‘t go to the country for a week or so. 8. It is a pity that you lost your temper while speaking to the teacher. 9. It is a pity Ann did not sing songs as a encore. She was in fine voice yesterday. 10. It is a pity we did not reach a conclusion on that question yesterday. 11. It is a pity I took my child for a walk yesterday evening. The weather was nasty; a cold wind was blowing.
Ex. 259. Complete the following sentences. Make use of the suggested phrases.
1. We wish all of us … (to pass the exams successfully). 2. Did you wish you … (to take part in the last conference). 3. Sometimes he wished he … (to choose another topic for his graduate work). 4. How I wish that you … (to take interest in the subject). 5. My mother always wished I … (to be a teacher). 6. The students wished Professor N. … (to deliver them lectures on the history of the language). 7. I wish you … (to work hard at English). 8. My friend wishes he … (to be responsible for these lectures).
9. How we wish we … (to have courses in literature). 10. The speaker wished that the students … (to pay more attention to those important facts).
Ex. 260. Use the corresponding mood form instead of infinitive in brackets.
1. I wish I (to buy) that grey hat instead of this one. It was more expensive, but the quality was much better. 2. His words created such a stir, he wished (to utter) them but it was too late. 3. It looks like raining, I wish we (to take) our raincoats. 4. I wish you (to be) there to witness everything yourself. 5. The child is crying, I wish I (to know) how to calm her. 6. I wish you (to finish) your homework already. We could go for a
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walk now. 7. I wish I (to know) it was your favourite writer. I would have bought the book for you. 8. All the time she wished (not to mock) at the poor boy. 9. I wish they (to stop) making so much noise so that I could concentrate. 10. Mike wished that the editors (to permit) him to copy some of their material. 11. Joel wishes that he (to spend) his vacation on the Gulf Coast next year.
Ex. 261. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Шкода, що ви не любите вірші. 2. Шкода, що я не дотримався вашої поради. 3. Яка шкода, що ви не знайомі з його працями. 4. Шкода, що зараз не весна. 5. Яка шкода, що ви ніколи не були в Англії. 6. Ми пожалкували, що не зустріли її в театрі. 7. Я б хотів, щоб ви приїхали до нас на дачу. 8. Яка шкода, що погода зіпсувалася. 9. Нам би хотілося, щоб ви ніколи не запізнювалися. 10. Хотів би я знати, куди вони пішли. 11. Як би нам хотілося, щоб ви жили з нами по сусідству. 12. Вона пожалкувала, що прийшла дуже рано. 13. Дівчині було шкода, що вона не вміє танцювати. 14. Він пожалкував, що ніколи не був у нашому театрі. 15. Мені дуже шкода, що ви пропустили таку цікаву лекцію. 16. Місіс Сміт шкодувала, що її син не лікар. 17. Шкода, що ви вчора не прийшли, у нас було дуже цікаво. 18. Фільм був дуже цікавий, мені шкода, що ви його не бачили. 19. Шкода, що ви не пішли оглянути цю виставку; я переконаний, вона б вам сподобалася.
Ex. 262. Read and translate the following sentences. Comment on the use and the meaning of the verb forms.
1. I feared lest I should be detained. 2. He feared lest I should have stayed too long in the sun. 3. She was afraid lest their meeting should be the last. 4. He fears lest she should have a romantic idea of the place. 5. She felt a little uneasy lest they should arrive late. 6. We were afraid lest she‘d disturb them. 7. He was afraid lest people should know the truth about his affairs. 8. He felt a little uneasy that his friend might easily read his mind. 9. Mother was afraid that the girl might have told too many lies. 10. I was afraid that you might have fallen ill. 11. The man fears that he may miss the train. 12. The girl felt a bit uneasy that the hostess might disapprove of her words. 13. The woman was afraid that she might lose her job under the circumstances.
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Ex. 263. Supply the necessary forms for the verbs in brackets using the Subjunctive Mood or modal phrases.
1. We feared lest the weather (to change). 2. I felt a bit uneasy lest I (to make) mistakes in the dictation. 3. He feared that she (to learn) much more than she had told them. 4. The girl looked upset and feared lest his parents (to be) rude to her. 5. The woman was afraid that her niece (to see) certain old newspapers and (to know) about her parents. 6. The painter feared lest the public (to disapprove) of his brushwork. 7. The boy was afraid that he (to be late) for the performance. 8. I dreaded lest any stranger (to notice) me and (to speak) to me. 9. He trembled lest his secret (to discover). 10. Fearing that it (to rain), he took an umbrella. 11. I was afraid lest the boy (to read) the article already.
Ex. 264. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Боюсь, що я загубила ключ; ніде не можу його знайти. 2. Сестра хвилювалась, якби я не забула слова. 3. Він боявся, що ще довго не засне через шум у сусідній кімнаті. 4. Ми хвилювались, що давно блукаємо по місту. 5. Ви легко вдягнені. Боюсь, щоб ви не захворіли. 6. Вона боялась, як би її промова не розгнівала слухачів. 7. Діти хвилювались, як би тато не забув про свою обіцянку купити їм цукерки. 8. Боячись, як би не розбудити сина, вона швидко вийшла з кімнати. 9. Він боявся, що хлопець, старший за нього, хоче пожартувати з ним. 10. Вона хвилювалась, щоб вони не залишилися до чаю. 11. Боюсь, чи не трапилося з ними чого-небудь; їх досі немає. 12. Боюсь, що він відмовиться поїхати з нами за місто. 13. Мати боялася, що син застудився і йому доведеться посидіти вдома декілька днів. 14. Він боявся, що не встигне підготуватися до екзамену. 15. Діти боялися, що їх не візьмуть до лялькового театру.
7.3.2.5. Adverbial clauses of purpose
Ex. 265. Read and translate the following sentences. Comment on the use and the meaning of the verb form in the subordinate clauses of purpose.
1. He put on his warm coat lest he should catch cold. 2. The girl was pale. She stopped lest she should faint. 3. I wrote down their address lest she should forget it. 4. He quickly stood up lest his mother should see he was unwell. 5. Put the letter into your bag lest you should lose it. 6. The children hurried home lest their mother should worry about them. 7. Be quick lest you should be late. 8. It is necessary to help Ann with English
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