Exercise 5

How do you cook food?

We boil, fry, roast, grill, curry, braise, steam, simmer, sauté food. We season food to taste with salt, sugar, pepper (ground pepper, corn pepper), garlic, onion, shallot, leek, parsley (roots and leaves), parsnip, celery roots, dill, bay leaves, cinnamon, cardamom, almond, nutmeg, horse-radish, vinegar, mustard etc.

We sauté onions in fat or sunflower oil, we coat meat with flour (breadcrumbs), with sauce, we dip meat into hot fat or beaten egg and stew or simmer it till it is done. We add salt, sugar or vinegar to taste. We garnish meat, fish or other seafood with chopped parsley, dill, carrots, pieces of hard-boiled egg, etc. We dress (season) salad either with sour cream and mayonnaise or with vegetable oil and vinegar.

Think about your answer to the question above. Is it the same or different? Why ‘yes’? Why ‘no’?

Exercise 6

Choose the right answer.

1. I like my eggs soft . . . . . not hard.

a) boiled b) cooked c) steamed d) watered

2. Try some of this cake, which I . . . . . especially for you.

a) browned b) fried c) baked d) roasted

3. If you don't lift that saucepan carefully, it will spill and you may ..... yourself.

a) cut b) peel c) scald d) skin

4. Dried vegetables are easy to use if you remember to ...… them overnight.

a) bathe b) dampen c) soak d) water

5. She ..... the butter very thinly over the bread.

a) covered b) knifed c) scattered d) spread

6. You should ..... the fat from the meat before you cook it.

a) carve b) slice c) shave d) trim

7. Mr Hospitable . . . . . a few slices off the joint for his guests.

a) bit b) carved c) chopped d) tore

8. She had just …….. the shell of the hard-boiled egg and was starting to peel it.

a) burst b) cracked c) fractured d) shattered

9. When you have cracked the eggs, put the ……. in the rubbish bin.

a) coverings b) covers c) shells d) skins

10. Would you …….. some onions for me, please?

a) chip b) chop c) crack d) split

11. I’ll cook the potatoes if someone will ……… them first.

a) peel b) skin c) strip d) uncover

12. You will have to ……. those peas before you cook them.

a) burst b) peel c) shell d) skin

13. Will you ……. some cheese to put in this sauce?

a) chop b) grate c) grind d) powder

14. Put the orange ……. in the waste basket, not on the floor!

a) peel b) string c) shell d) skin

15. My mother always . . . . . her own bread.

a) bakes b) fries c) grills d) roasts

16. Would you prefer ……… potatoes or chips?

a) poached b) ground c) mashed d) powdered

17. Don’t forget to buy a packet of ……… peas.

a) chilled b) frozen c) frosted d) chilly

18. There was a wonderful smell of ……… bread in the kitchen.

a) cooking b) roasting c) baking d) grilling

 Reading

Read this article about bread making and find four sentences with if.

In many countries bread is one of the basic foods. Making bread at home is easy and rewarding if you follow a few basic rules.

Combine one package of active dry yeast with 1/2 cup of warm water, which must be about 100 Fahrenheit (32 Centigrade) for the yeast to grow. Add two teaspoons of sugar. More sugar will take the yeast to grow faster. Salt and cool temperatures will slow the growing process. In a few minutes you will see bubbles, and the mixture will swell. Meanwhile, mix 3 3/4 cups of flour with one tablespoon of salt. Add about 3/4 cup of warm water and mix it with your hands or a wooden spoon. Add the yeast mixture and continue to stir until the mixture forms a ball.

Knead the dough. Put the dough on a breadboard that is lightly floured so that the dough won’t stick to it. Flour your hands and push hard into the dough. Then give it a quarter turn and repeat. The dough is kneaded enough when it is too sticky and springs back when you poke it with your finger.

To allow the bread to rise, put it in a warm place. After it was doubled in size, repeat the kneading process, and form your loaf. Place the dough in a buttered and floured bread pan and leave the bread rise again. When it doubles in size again, place it into a 400 Fahrenheit (130 Centigrade) oven for about 40 minutes. When the bread is done, it will sound hollow when you knock on it. Take it out of the oven, turn the pan over to remove the loaf from the pan, and allow the bread to cool. Now you have your very own homemade loaf of bread. Enjoy it with fresh butter!

Exercise 7

The following recipe for fruit salad is not given correctly. Put the lines into the correct order by numbering 1, 2, 3, etc. The first one is done.

- some walnuts on top and serve.

- leaves into small pieces. Mix all of the

- grapes and strawberries into halves.

- lemon juice, and two tablespoons of orange juice. Put

- peel an orange and section it. Tear six lettuce

- above fruit in a large salad bowl. Spoon some of the

1. Peel and slice the peaches and bananas. Cut the

- a dressing with a mixture of 3/4 cup honey, two tablespoons of

- Prepare the pineapple chunks and slice the pears. Next,

Exercise 8

Decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each space.