Unit 5 Water Pollution

“If there is magic on this planet, it is contained in water.”

~ Loran Eisely

“Water is H2O, hydrogen two parts, oxygen one,

but there is also a third thing, that makes water

and nobody knows what that is.”

~ D.H. Lawrence

Warm up

Comprising over 70% of the Earth’s surface, water is undoubtedly the most precious natural resource that exists on our planet.

We all need clean water. People need it to grow crops and to operate factories, and for drinking and recreation. Fish and wildlife depend on it to survive.

Many different pollutants can harm our rivers, streams, lakes and oceans. The three most common are soil, nutrients and bacteria. Rains wash soil into streams and rivers. The soil can kill tiny animals and fish eggs. Nutrients, often from fertilizers, cause problems in lakes, ponds and reservoirs. Nitrogen and phosphorus make algae grow and can turn water green. Bacteria can pollute fresh or salt water.

- What is the main source of water pollution?

Vocabulary

1. suggestпредлагать, говорить о

2. account for объяснять

3. sewageсточные воды, нечистоты

4. convertпревращать, перерабатывать

5. depleteистощать, исчерпывать

6. solubleрастворимый

7. excessiveчрезмерный, излишний

8. thusтаким образом

9. pointsourceявный источник

10. dischargeсток, слив, выделение

11. pipelineтрубопровод

12. sewerсточная труба, коллектор

13. tracedtoобнаружить, прослеживать

14. depositionотложение

15. sewagetreatmentplantочистное сооружение

16. oilwellнефтяная скважина

17. perpetratorнарушитель

Word Study

1. Give the Russian equivalents to the following words:

context, chemical, physical, biological, class, agent, bacteria, virus, parasitic, category, inorganic, nitrate, phosphate, plastics, pesticide, finally, radioactive, genetic, sort, locations, tankers, detected, laboratory, analyze, defects

2. Guess the meaning of the underlined words. Translate the sentences.

1) Water covers over 70% of the Earth's surface and is a very important resource for people and the environment. 2) In developed countries, sewage often causes problems when people flush chemical and pharmaceutical substances down the toilet. 3) Asbestos is a serious health hazard and carcinogenic water pollutant. 4) When acid rain pollutes marine habitats such as rivers and lakes, aquatic life is harmed. 5) Aluminium takes 200 years to degrade in water. 6) In a water treatment plant, sewage goes through a number of chambers and chemical processes to reduce the amount and toxicity of the waste.

3. Translate the following word combinations:

to account for the deaths; disease-causing agents; sewage systems; untreated waste; oxygen-demanding wastes; oxygen-requiring bacteria; water-soluble inorganic pollutants; unfit to drink; excessive growth of algae; the water's oxygen supply; water-soluble radioactive compounds; birth defects; underground mines; small samples of water; computer models;different contaminants; detection of water pollution; specific properties of these organisms

4. Match the word from list A with its definition in list B.

A	B
suggest sewage convert deplete soluble excessive sewer traced to perpetrator	put forward for consideration, as a possibility that who commits a crime, an error use up underground channel to carry off sewage and rainwater to centers for treatment change from one form into another that can be dissolved waste organic matter too much; extreme follow or discover by observing marks, tracks, bits of evidence